Suchergebnisse

Although the roots of the European Union lie in economic integration, the EU's economic policy competences and possibilities are narrowly limited in European primary law. Nevertheless, the influence of the EU, and in particular the European Commission, on economic policies of the member states is clearly visible and tangible. The focus of European economic policy is on the coordination of member state policies by the European Commission. It uses strategic planning in­struments such as 10-year strategies, guidelines, and reform recommen­dations, which it bundles within the European Semester. European economic policy-makers are actually faced with the task of limiting the acute socio-economic consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic on the one hand, and finding answers to the structural challenges posed by globalisation, digitisation, and climate change on the other. A com­mon European economic policy is becoming increasingly necessary, and expectations are growing. The European Commission is trying to combine these two tasks – the stimulation of the European economy and the sustainable transformation of national economies – with the new European recovery fund "Next Generation EU". The European Green Deal will become the guiding prin­ciple for both economic policy coordination and economic policy at the national level. This reorientation of European economic policy towards sustainable and decarbonised growth will promote the Europeanisation and, in the long term, the unitarisation of national economic policies. (Autorenreferat)

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of illustrations -- Acknowledgements -- List of contributors -- PART 1: Theoretical Framework: The Politics of Legitimation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Conflating Policy, Democracy and Legitimacy: An Illustration through Stakeholder Involvement -- PART 2: Legitimation by Individual Citizens and Officials -- 3. 'Winning Minds, not Hearts'?: The Legitimation Challenge of Citizens' Emotions about European Integration after the Eurocrisis -- 4. Trust Lost, Trust Regained?: Citizens' Trust in EU, National and Subnational Governments During and After Economic Crisis 2008-2019 -- 5. The Public and EU Legitimacy: A Framework for Understanding the Meaning of Public Opinion for European Integration -- 6. Dublin is Dead: A Study in Delegitimation -- PART 3: Legitimation by Media and Parliaments -- 7. Whose Voice Is Louder?: Analysing the EU's Legitimation Through the Apple State Aid Case -- 8. Legitimation Strategies and National Parliaments: The Case of Anti-Corruption -- 9. Toothless Observers or Comprehensive Players?: Conceptualising the Involvement of National Parliaments in the European Semester -- PART 4: Legitimation by Governments, Courts and External Actors -- 10. A Two-Way Street: Flexible and Rigid Legitimation across Actors and Policies in the EU -- 11. Post-Crisis Legitimacy in the EU's Economic and Monetary Union: The Cases of European Fiscal Policy Coordination and Banking Supervision -- 12. Legitimacy, Conditionality, and Norm Compliance: Lessons from the EU's Normative Power Approach -- PART 5: Theoretical Conclusions on Legitimation and Legitimacy -- 13 Polycrisis and Resilience in the European Union: Covid-19 and Avenues for Future Studies -- 14. The Many Actors of Direct and Indirect Legitimation.

This book studies the history of the single, or internal, market of the European Union since its beginnings after the Second World War until the end of 2000. The perspective is multidisciplinary and incorporates several dimensions: historical, political, economic, legal and sociological. Based on several interviews and other sources, the book is the most complete synthesis of one of the major achievements of European integration. In particular, the author asks: What is the single European market (SEM) and how has it evolved over the years? How does the SEM work? Who have been the stakeholders

This book examines the potential role of European Union law in combating poverty and social exclusion in the European Union.

Anti-poverty strategies have been part of the European Union agenda for decades. Most saliently, over a decade ago, the EU's Member States pledged to lift 20 million people out of poverty. In spite of this commitment, the EU did not even meet a quarter of this target, and over 113 million people still were at risk of poverty and social exclusion by the end of 2020. This book addresses the incongruence between a quite developed EU policy strategy and a well-embedded legal objective on the one hand, and the lack of direct legal action on the other. Analysing the role of social policy instruments, fundamental rights, and the constitutional framework of the European Union, it makes a detailed case for a contribution of EU law to the policy objective of combating poverty and social exclusion.

Drawing on work in law, politics, social policy and economics, this book will interest scholars and policymakers in the areas of EU law, labour and social security, human rights, political science and social and public policy.

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Introduction -- The Major Distinctive Traits of This Study -- Guide to the Chapters -- Who Is This Book for? -- Chapter 1: The Strategic State and Public Governance in European Institutions -- 1 The Need for a Strategic State -- 1.1 A Synthesis of Two Doctrines -- 1.2 The Institution of a Strategic State Means Moving Away from the Traditional Bureaucratic State -- 2 The European Union and Its Problems -- 2.1 The Need to Modernize the Economies -- 2.2 The Europe 2020 Strategy -- 3 Economic Governance Arrangements -- 3.1 A Stronger Economic Governance -- 3.2 How New Was This New Economic Governance? -- 3.3 Governance Institutions in Europe -- 3.4 How Well Was Europe 2020 and the New Economic Governance Working? -- 4 Chapter Summary -- Bibliography -- Chapter 2: Public Governance in Member States -- 1 Government Effectiveness and Economic Growth -- 1.1 Economic Growth -- 1.2 Strategic Management in Government: Capabilities -- 2 Government Credibility -- 2.1 Credibility and Effectiveness -- 2.2 Capabilities and Leadership -- 2.3 A Typology of Members States in Terms of Effectiveness and Credibility -- 3 Summing Up -- Bibliography -- Chapter 3: Member States' Outcomes and Desirable Societies -- 1 Public Attitudes About Life, Democracy, and Public Services -- 2 Virtuous Circles and Social Cleavages -- 3 The Trend to Populism-A Challenge for Europe -- 4 Summary and Conclusions -- Bibliography -- Chapter 4: The Governance System for the Europe 2020 Strategy -- 1 The Mechanisms Installed in 2010 -- 1.1 The European Semester as a 'Generalist' Top-Down Mechanism -- 1.2 The Europe 2020 Strategy in the European Semester but Also as Part of a Wider Governance System -- Top-Down Steering Through the European Semester -- The Targeting of Funding

EUROPEAN ECONOMIC INTEGRATION (4A. ED.) -- PÁGINA LEGAL -- BRIEF CONTENTS -- DETAILED CONTENTS -- CONTRIBUTORS -- PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- ABBREVIATIONS -- INTRODUCTION. THE ORIGINS AND DEVELOPMENT (...) -- INTRODUCTION -- WHAT IS THE EUROPEAN UNION? -- THE EUROPEAN UNITY MOVEMENT -- THE ORIGINS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION -- THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EUROPEAN UNION -- THE INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE EUROPEAN (...) -- THE MAIN CHALLENGES FACING THE EUROPEAN (...) -- DEMOCRATIC DE CIT -- POLITICAL UNION -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- FURTHER READING -- PART 1. THE FOUNDATIONS OF THE EUROPEAN (...) -- CHAPTER 1. MARKET INTEGRATION IN THE EUROPEAN (...) -- INTRODUCTION -- DE NING ECONOMIC INTEGRATION -- TYPES OF SINGLE MARKETS -- TRANSACTION COSTS AND SINGLE MARKETS -- CUSTOMS UNION -- THE SINGLE EUROPEAN MARKET -- THE ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF ESTABLISHING FREE (...) -- PROBLEMS WITH EMPIRICAL STUDIES -- EMPIRICAL STUDIES -- THE 1996 REVIEW OF THE SINGLE EUROPEAN (...) -- EVIDENCE ON THE EFFECTS OF THE SEM SINCE (...) -- PLANS TO IMPROVE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE (...) -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 2. MACROECONOMIC POLICY COORDINATION -- INTRODUCTION -- POLICY INTERDEPENDENCE BETWEEN MEMBER STATES -- THE CASE FOR POLICY COORDINATION -- MONETARY POLICY COORDINATION THROUGH MANAGED (...) -- EU MACROECONOMIC POLICY COORDINATION SINCE (...) -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 3. ECONOMIC AND MONETARY UNION -- INTRODUCTION -- WHAT IS EMU? -- THE MAASTRICHT TREATY AND THE ROAD TO EMU -- THE THEORETICAL BENE TS AND COSTS OF EMU -- THE PERFORMANCE OF THE EURO SINCE 1999 -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 4. THE BUDGET OF THE EUROPEAN UNION -- INTRODUCTION -- THE BUDGET: MAIN CONCEPTS, STRUCTURE AND (...) -- THE REVENUE SIDE: WHERE THE MONEY COMES (...) -- THE EXPENDITURE SIDE: HOW THE MONEY IS (...)

"This volume looks at EU employment policy, underpinned by the European Employment Strategy, highlighting major initiatives to tackle the disruptive effects of the economic crisis, notably the Europe 2020 Strategy and the European Semester. The guide also covers new initiatives to tackle EU unemployment or social disparities, such as the Employment Package, Youth Employment Package, and the scoreboard of key employment and social indicators. There is also a focus on promoting labor mobility, enhancing dialog with social partners, and plans to complete Europe's monetary union by introducing a common fiscal capacity."--DG for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion website

This book studies the history of the single, or internal, market of the European Union since its beginnings after the Second World War until the end of 2000. The perspective is multidisciplinary and incorporates several dimensions: historical, political, economic, legal and sociological. Based on several interviews and other sources, the book is the most complete synthesis of one of the major achievements of European integration. In particular, the author asks: What is the single European market (SEM) and how has it evolved over the years? How does the SEM work? Who have been the stakeholde.

Contents List Of Figures Page List Of Tables List Of Boxes List Of Abbreviations List Of Abbreviations Introduction 1. The EU Within Regional Integration Worldwide 1.1 Introduction 1.2 What Is IEI? 1.3 IEI And WTO Rules 4.4 IEI Worldwide 4.5 The Possible Gains From IEI 4.6 Why IEI? 1.7 Pertinent Questions 2. The Passage To The EU 2.1 Introduction 2.2 A Short History Of European Unity 2.3 An Unfinished Passage? 3. Decision-Making In The EU 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Important Actors 3.3 The Commission 3.4 The Council Of The European Union 3.5 The European Parliament 3.6 The Courts 3.7 The European Economic And Social Committee (EESC) 3.8 The Committee Of The Regions 3.9 Types Of EU Decision 3.10 Does Brussels Dicate? 4. EU Policies 4.1 Introduction 4.2 The SEM 4.3 Policies Facilitating The SEM 4.4 Policies For Structural Aspects Of The Economy And Society 4.5 Policies For External Relations 5. The EU General Budget 5.1 Introduction 5.2 The Economic Theory Of The State 5.3 Fiscal Federalism 5.4 The EU And Fiscal Federalism 5.5 Budget Rules And Procedure 5.6 EU Budget Revenue 5.7 EU Budget Expenditure 5.8 Operating Budgetary Balances 5.9 The EU Budget And Enlargement 5.10 Budgetary Limitations 6. Economic And Monetary Union 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Disentangling The Concepts 6.3A The Conceptual Analysis Of Monetary Integration 6.3B The Development Of The EU's EMU 6.3C The Operation Of EMU 6.4 The Survival Of EMU 7. The Importance Of The EU 7.1 Introduction 7.2 The Importance Of The EU 7.3 The UK Dilemma 7.4 A Bleak Future Without A United Europe 8. The Future Of The EU 8.1 Introduction 8.2 The Vision Of The Founding Fathers 8.3 The Vision Of Contemporary Politicians 8.7 The Dream Lives On Appendix The Causes Of The 2008 Financial Crisis References Author Index Subject Index

Intro -- Contents -- About the Author -- Abbreviations -- List of Figures -- 1 Introduction -- Motivation -- Objectives and Scope -- Theoretical Framework. Epistemological Framework in the Realm of Economics and Public Policy. "Economics Above Politics"/ "Politics Above Economics" -- Research Question -- Methodology -- References -- Part I Multilevel and Sectoral Policies -- 2 Introduction. How Multilevel Governance Affects Spatial Planning and Health -- The 2030 Agenda. Distinction Between Binding and Nonbinding Legal Instruments -- From Principles to Laws: Compliance, Implementation and Effectiveness -- Nonbinding Instruments: Opportunities and Challenges for Health and Urban-Related Policies -- References -- 3 Health -- Health EU -- DG SANTE and the European Semester -- EU Health Programmes (2003-2020) and the EU4Health (2021-2027) Turning Point -- European Semester Recommendations (2010-2019) -- Health PT -- To Compare Health Guidelines Before 2004 -- Changes and Priority Areas Introduced by the First National Health Plan (2004-2010) -- The Ongoing National Health Plan (2012-2016) and the First National Plan for Mental Health (2007-2016) Both Extended Up Until 2020 -- Conclusion (Tensions and Solutions) -- References -- 4 Spatial and Urban Planning -- Spatial and Urban Planning in the European Union -- EU Cohesion as Regional Policy, from the Treaty of Rome (1958) up Until 2007 -- The Emergence of "Territorial Cohesion" in Key EU Documents in the Midst of the 2008 Financial Crisis, 2007-2009 -- From an EU Cohesion Policy Based on Regional Cohesion to an Urban-Centred Cohesion Policy, Since 2009 -- Spatial and Urban Planning in Portugal -- Grassroots Spatial Planning: Brief Account from the Nineteenth Century up Until 2007.

1. The Well-being transition, a look behind and ahead -- 2. Capitalism and well-being -- 3. From Climate science to climate justice -- 4. Inclusive prosperity in the 21st century -- 5. Global and national lessons from 25 years of promoting sustainable development -- 6. Health and the environment, an overview -- 7. Environmental inequalities: from modelling to policy -- 8. Integrating health, the environment and inequality into policy -- 9. Cities and well-being: framework and case studies -- 10. Well-being and trust -- 11. Redefining collective well-being -- 12. The Green Deal and the reform of the European semester -- 13. Toward a well-being Europe -- 14. Integrating environmental indicators into EU policy -- 15. Essential well-being in time of crises.

Cover -- Contents -- List of Tables, Figures and Maps -- Preface -- Abbreviations and European Union Programmes -- Map of Priority Projects -- 1 Trans-European networks: Origins and History -- From Rome to Raj to Reich -- History of infrastructure policy in the European Union -- The emergence of modern TENs: from Action Plan to the Treaty on European Union -- 2 Trans-European Networks as a Tool of European Integration -- The nature of the TENs programme and the emerging network economy -- Key themes in the TENs programme -- TENs, the SEM and EMU -- Industrial policy and the competitive environment -- Vocational training -- Knowledge networks -- Social and economic cohesion -- TENs and the environment -- External aspects of TENs -- 3 Trans-European Transport Networks -- The evolution of transport TENs policy -- Transport trends -- Rail -- Roads -- Civil aviation -- Inland waterways -- Maritime sector -- Combined transport -- Telematics, traffic management and TENs -- Finance of transport TENs -- Social and economic cohesion -- Links with third countries -- Conclusion -- 4 Trans-European Telecommunication Networks -- Establishing a role for the EU in telecommunications infrastructure -- Towards TENs: developing a strategy and establishing priorities -- Telematics for administrations (TEN-IDA) -- TEN-ISDN: the new public network -- European policy towards the development of the ISDN -- Progress towards E-ISDN themes and issues -- TEN-IBC -- A strategy for TEN-IBC -- TENs and the information society -- Conclusion -- 5 Trans-European Energy Networks -- The evolution of trans-European energy network policy -- The electricity network -- The gas network -- New moves towards energy TENs -- Energy network challenges -- The Former Soviet Union and the Energy Charter Treaty -- The Mediterranean region -- Conclusion.

This book examines the politics of Banking Union and EMU reform in the EU, and draws lessons for what it means for international politics, both in Europe, and for international relations more broadly. It demonstrates that most of the reforms in Europe to break free of the Eurozone and banking crises in which Europe continues to find itself focus on building up the capacities of national authorities rather than European ones. The result is that national authorities remain largely in control of the decisions and funds that are to be deployed to prevent economic disaster if a single EU bank fails. The likely outcome is an accelerated balkanization of the European market for the foreseeable future. The book also contends that power politics, and realism in particular, is a defining feature of European politics with coercion and enforced national responsibility at the demand of Germany; the dominant form of institution-building that established the responsible sovereignty model, and shut down the possibility of alternatives. In making this case, the book demonstrates that the dominant view in international relations, that power politics best explains the behaviour of states, also apply to the EU. This text will be of key interest to scholars and students of the Eurozone crisis, EU politics, economic policy, and more broadly to political economy, public policy and international relations.

Obgleich die Wurzeln der Europäischen Union in der wirtschaftlichen Integration liegen, sind den wirtschaftspolitischen Zuständigkeiten und Möglichkeiten der EU im europäischen Vertragsrecht enge Grenzen gesetzt. Dennoch ist der Einfluss der EU und insbesondere der Euro­päischen Kommission auf die Wirtschaftspolitiken der Mitgliedstaaten deutlich sicht- und spürbar. Der Schwerpunkt der europäischen Wirtschaftspolitik liegt auf der Ko­ordinierung der mitgliedstaatlichen Politiken durch die Europäische Kommission. Sie bedient sich dabei strategischer Steuerungsinstrumente wie Zehnjahres-Strategien, Leitlinien und Reformempfehlungen, die sie im Rahmen des Europäischen Semesters bündelt. Die europäische Wirtschaftspolitik steht vor der Aufgabe, zum einen die akuten sozioökonomischen Folgen der Covid-19-Pandemie zu begrenzen und zum anderen Antworten auf die strukturellen Herausforderungen durch Globalisierung, Digitalisierung und Klimawandel zu finden. Eine gemeinschaftliche europäische Wirtschaftspolitik wird zusehends notwendiger, die daran geknüpften Erwartungen werden größer. Die Europäische Kommission versucht, diese beiden Aufgaben – die An­kurbelung der europäischen Konjunktur und die nachhaltige Transformation der Volkswirtschaften – mit dem neuen europäischen Wiederaufbau-Fonds "Next Generation EU" zu verbinden. Der europäische Green Deal wird dabei zur Leitlinie sowohl der wirtschaftspolitischen Koordinierung als auch der Wirtschaftspolitik auf nationaler Ebene. Diese Neuausrichtung der europäischen Wirtschaftspolitik auf nachhaltiges und dekarbonisiertes Wachstum wird die Europäisierung und langfris­tig die Unitarisierung der nationalen Wirtschaftspolitiken vorantreiben. (Autorenreferat)