Suchergebnisse

Membership in a currency union is not irreversible. Exit expectations may emerge during sovereign debt crises, because exit allows countries to reduce their liabilities through a currency redenomination. As market participants anticipate this possibility, sovereign debt crises intensify. We establish this formally within a small open economy model of changing policy regimes. The model permits explosive dynamics of debt and sovereign yields inside currency unions and allows us to distinguish between exit expectations and those of an outright default. By estimating the model on Greek data, we quantify the contribution of exit expectations to the crisis dynamics during 2009 to 2012.

Neuer Pass, neue Identität, neue Heimat? Kate Connolly, Deutschland-Korrespondentin des "Guardian", hat es gewagt – als Reaktion auf den Brexit. Seit Jahren lebt sie mit ihrer Familie in Potsdam. Aber Deutsche werden? Kaffee statt Tee, preußische Tugenden statt britischer Höflichkeit? Connolly lässt uns an der Identitätskrise teilhaben, die viele Briten seit dem Referendum erleben, und schildert ihren skurrilen Weg zum deutschen Pass. Zugleich erläutert sie die Beziehungen Großbritanniens zu Europa und Deutschland, vom eigenen Großvater, der "Mein Kampf" aus dem Krieg mitbrachte, bis zu Margaret Thatchers Pro-EU-Wahlkampfpullover. "Exit Brexit" zeigt uns Deutschland von einer neuen Seite – und ist die persönlichste Antwort auf den Brexit, die man geben kann.

Whether we talk about human learning and unlearning, securitization, or political economy, the forces and mechanisms generating both globalization and disintegration are causally efficacious across the world. Thus, the processes that led to the victory of the 'Leave' campaign in the June 2016 referendum on UK European Union membership are not simply confined to the United Kingdom, or even Europe. Similarly, conflict in Ukraine and the presidency of Donald Trump hold implications for a stage much wider than EU-Russia or the United States alone. Patomäki explores the world-historical mechanisms and processes that have created the conditions for the world's current predicaments and, arguably, involve potential for better futures. Operationally, he relies on the philosophy of dialectical critical realism and on the methods of contemporary social sciences, exploring how crises, learning and politics are interwoven through uneven wealth-accumulation and problematical growth-dynamics. Seeking to illuminate the causes of the currently prevailing tendencies towards disintegration, antagonism and – ultimately – war, he also shows how these developments are in fact embedded in deeper processes of human learning. The book embraces a Wellsian warning about the increasingly likely possibility of a military disaster, but its central objective is to further enlightenment and holoreflexivity within the current world-historical conjuncture. This work will be of interest to students and scholars of international relations, peace research, security studies and international political economy.

Intro -- EUROPEAN UNION: ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS -- EUROPEAN UNION: ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- THE EUROPEAN UNION: QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS -- Abstract -- What Is the European Union? -- How Does the EU Work? -- How Is the EU Governed? -- What Is the Lisbon Treaty? -- Why and How Is the EU Enlarging? -- Does the EU Have a Foreign Policy? -- Does the EU Have a Defense Policy? -- What Is the Relationship of the EU to NATO? -- What Is Justice and Home Affairs (JHA)? -- Does the EU Have a Trade Policy? -- How Do EU Countries and Citizens View the EU? -- Does the United States Have a Formal Relationship with the EU? -- Who Are U.S. Officials' Counterparts in the EU? -- How Are U.S.-EU Economic Relations Doing? -- References -- THE EUROPEAN UNION'S REFORM PROCESS: THE LISBON TREATY -- Abstract -- Background -- The Constitutional Treaty -- The Lisbon Treaty -- Key Reforms -- Implementing the Treaty -- Implications for the United States -- References -- THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT -- Abstract -- Role of the European Parliament -- Legislative Process -- Budgetary Process -- Supervision and Oversight Responsibilities -- Organization of the European Parliament -- Political Groups -- The EP President -- Committees -- Delegations -- Administration -- Location -- Languages -- Challenges -- The European Parliament and the U.S. Congress -- References -- EUROPEAN UNION ENLARGEMENT: A STATUS REPORT ON TURKEY'S ACCESSION NEGOTIATIONS -- Abstract -- The EU Accession Process [1] -- The Cyprus Dilemma [6] -- Turkey's Initial Path to European Union Accession -- Current Status of Turkey's Accession -- Possible Scenarios -- U.S. Perspectives -- Assessment -- References -- MARITIME POLICY AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: AN INSTITUTIONAL AND REGULATORY APPROACH -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction

Institutional design at IGCs -- Case selection -- Modeling institutionalism and intergovernmentalism -- Testing institutionalism and intergovernmentalism -- Winners and losers at Amsterdam -- Council votes and commissioners -- Exit threats, veto rights, and integration -- British accession : exit options and veto power.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- List of tables and boxes -- Preface -- List of abbreviations -- Introduction -- 1 Europe and the European Union -- 2 Back to the future -- 3 Belonging without believing -- 4 Leading from behind: opt-outs, opt-ins, rebates and red lines -- 5 Party games and politics -- 6 Devolution and European Union membership -- 7 The press and the European Union -- 8 The pound, the euro and the City: brief encounters and quick exits -- 9 Britain, the European Union and the wider world -- 10 'Banging on about Europe': the Conservatives and the European Union 2010-15 -- 11 Hallmarks of British membership of the EU -- 12 The Referendum of 2016: the campaign -- 13 The Referendum of 2016: the result -- 14 The May government and Brexit, 2016-19: decline and fail -- 15 The Brexiter government, 2019-20 -- Chronological table -- Bibliography -- Index.

Trade unions have repeatedly been challenged by neoliberal programmes implemented within Member States of the European Union (EU) and at the European level. The twentyseven country chapters at the core of this book chart the features of the neoliberal challenge in the EU Member States and the measures implemented by unions in their attempts to adapt to changed circumstances since 2000. It is clear that union activity, either independently or in conjunction with allies, will be at the centre of revitalization campaigns if the pieces left from the neoliberal challenges are to be picked up and wielded into a coherent response. This book offers a comprehensive comparative overview of the development, structure, and policies of national trade union movements in the EU. It presents an in-depth analysis of the challenges facing these organizations and their strategic and policy responses from 2000 to 2020.