Suchergebnisse

Aus sowjetischer Sicht

Defence date: 21 March 1983 ; Supervisor: Manfred Streit ; First made available online 3 June 2015. ; Introduction; One aspect of the analysis of regional problems is that it is easier to describe the symptoms than to point to the causes. We begin this chapter by highlighting a few of the most evident "symptoms" of the regional problem. Some of the possible causes are then discussed. Thirdly we look into the overall pattern of regional development at the European Community level. This is discussed, (i) at a theoretical level with reference to location theories and theories of spatial competition; (ii) at an empirical level with respect to regional employment and industrial structures, and (iii) at a dynamic level, taking into consideration factors which may explain the process of economic growth at a regional level. Fourthly, we consider the implications of greater interEC trade links and direct foreign investment on the pattern of regional development. This leads on to a discussion of the regional implications of the multinational enterprise — the locational aspects, the distribution of their economic surplus, and their linkages with firms in the domestic sector. Fifthly, some alternative strategies for regional harmonisation are outlined. Policies to reduce regional disparities can be divided into two groups; firstly macropolicies working at either a national or Community level, such as public spending or fiscal integration; secondly micro-policies such as financial incentives and disincentive policies.

Defence date: 24 September 1982 ; Supervisor: Manfred Streit ; First made available online 10 June 2015.

Even before the end of the first world war, during the inter-war years and right up to the outbreak of the second world war, a vein of political thought ran through Europe, which condemned national sovereignties and set up against them the idea of a European federation.In reality, the federalist trend of thought in the inter-war years remained marginal to the main political currents, and partook more of the nature of prophecy than of politics. In the 1920s and 1930s politics in Europe were both tense and varied, culminating in the emergence of many political-ideological tyrannies. But in spite of the violent divergences over political problems in those years, politics itself, of the right and of the left, of moderates and radicals, of conservatives and revolutionaries, was based on the profound experience which the peoples had lived through during the first world war, namely of the solidity of the nation state. This experience led to the conviction that only on this rock could anything be built.