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Integration and enlargement of the European Union: lessons to be drawn for the Arab region ; proceedings of the conference organized by the Center for European Studies (CEUS), Faculty of Economics and Political Science, Cairo University, in cooperation with the Konrad-Adenauer-Foundation, on Septemb...
[ ... ] Kheir-El-Din, H.; Ghoneim, A. F.: Arab trade integration in retrospect : comparison with the European Union and lessons learnt. - S. 15-43 El-Any, T.: Arab economic integration : current challenges and future prospects (in Arabic). - S. 45-60 El-Din Helal, B. A.: Competition law and trade integration in the Arab region : lessons from the European Union. - S. 61-78 Jabarin, A. S.: Agricultural issues and policies in the European Union and the Arab region. - S. 79-110 Nasr, S.: Monetary policy in the European Union : lessons to be drawn for the Arab countries. - S. 111-137 Abdel Latif, L.; Shehata, A.; Ben Ali, Driss: Public finance convergence in the Arab States and regional integration : lessons from the EU experience. - S. 139-174 El-Laithy, H.; McAuley, A.: Integrated social policies in Arab countries. - S. 175-216 Awad, I.: Labour mobility in regional integration schemes : a comparitive study of the European Union and the Arab region. - S. 217-238
World Affairs Online
Models for cyber legislation in ESCWA member countries
In: United Nations publication
World Affairs Online
The Independence of the European Commission in the Legislative Process of the Communities
Euroopan komissio luotiin jotta se voisi ajaa yhteisöjen intressiä. Sen vuoksi siitä päätettiin tehdä itsenäinen. Mutta koska Euroopan Unionin vaikutus jäsenmaissaan on hyvin vahvaa, myös talouden kannalta, haluavat jäsenmaat vaikuttaa komissioon mahdollisimman paljon. Tämän vuoksi komission itsenäisyys vaarantuu. Perustamissopimukset koettavat hoitaa ongelman luomalla komissiolle joita-kin suojamekanismeja. Mutta ovatko ne riittäviä? Vaikuttaa siltä, että komissioon pystytään vaikuttamaan liikaa sen jokapäiväisessä työssä. Tämä vaikuttaminen alkaa jo komission nimittämisvaiheessa ja jatkuu koko ajan komission pohtiessa uuden lainsäädännön tarvetta ja komission valmistellessa uutta lainsäädäntöä. Komission lakiehdotelman sisältöön vaikuttavat usein paljonkin muut instituutiot, jäsenvaltiot sekä intressiryhmät. Tämä johtaa siihen, että komissio ei täysin pysty toteuttamaan yhteisöjen in-tressiä. Monin eri tavoin komission päätöksiin voivat vaikuttaa yksittäisten tai use-ampien jäsenmaiden edut, vaikka tarkoitus olisi ajaa yhteisöjen etua. The European Commission was created so that it could work to fulfil the Community Interest. Therefore it was decided to be an independent institution. But because the European Union affects its Member States very deeply, not least in budgetary ways, the Member States seem to want to influence the Commission as much as possible. Therefore the independence of the Commission is at stake. The Treaties try to deal with the problem by setting some protective mecha-nisms on the Commission. But is it enough? It seems that the Commission gets in-fluenced too much in its everyday work. This influencing starts already at the nomi-nation of the Commissioners, continues all the while when the Commission is decid-ing if new Community legislation is needed and while it drafts new legislation. The substance of the drafts are often influenced very much by the other institutions, Member States and interest groups. What this means is that the Commission can't fulfil its task at seeking the best of the Communities. In many different ways the decisions of the Commission may further the good of one or some interested parties instead of the Community In-terest.
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Historiaa nopeammin: contemporary perspectives on the future of art in the Baltic Countries, Finland and Russia
In: Nykytaiteen Museon julkaisuja 90
Suomi maailmantaloudessa: uuden ajan talouspolitiikkaa
In: Sitra, ISSN 0785-8388 296
World Affairs Online
World Affairs Online
Debates on European and Arab identity: comparative approaches ; proceedings of a workshop organized by the Center of European Studies (CEUS) of the Faculty of Economics and Political Science, Cairo University in cooperation with the Konrad-Adenauer-Foundation on September 14-15, 2004 in Cairo
... Michel, P.: The European identity : humanism, secularism or christianity ; mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion. - S. 5-20 Melasuo, T.: Europe, the Mediterranean and the Middle East : visions from the extreme north. - S. 21-31 Crum, B.: United in diversity : European citizenship after the EU constitution. - S. 33-52
World Affairs Online