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Introduction. Developed countries began to digitize their national economies resulting in transformation of human capital with digital and information technologies by making new demands on education. Transformational changes in the conditions of the world society development in the context of globalization put forward the need to reform the system of training, retraining and advanced training, as well as to promote the development of human capital creative abilities in accordance with the needs of the digital economy.The purpose of the study is to provide a scientific bases for the definition of the «digital economy» concept and to distinguish its key components, to outline the digitalization features and identify «digital gaps» in the EU countries using the Index of Digital Economy and Society (DESI).Methods. According to the purpose of the study, modern scientific methods of cognition were used, in particular: general scientific research methods (logical analysis, theoretical grounding, ascent from abstract to concrete, formalization and generalization), as well as the method of statistical observation.Results. The article presents the author's views on the interpretation of the "digital economy" concept which allowed detailing the individual properties and structural elements of the digital economy. Based on the research by the Organization for Economic Co- operation and Development (OECD), three main components of the digital economy are presented. The infrastructure of the digital economy is identified with market and planning approaches. Using the DESI Index on the example of EU countries, an analysis of five key components was performed, including communications, human capital, the Internet use, integration of digital technologies and digital public services. The current state of digital economy in the EU countries was also presented. The author emphasizes the importance of governments role and their prudent policy to motivate the population to use digital and information technologies, to increase awareness in this area and the overall level of country digitalization.Discussion. The success of the country in the digital economy development will further depend on the national digital and information capabilities, the development of internal infrastructure, the readiness of society for transformational changes, dictated by globalization. The necessary legal framework of the digital economy, balanced state strategies for IT development, formation of the potential for professional skills development and basic ICT literacy, as well as professional career in the information field will result in positive changes in national economies under context of digitalization.Perspectives. Prospects for further research include the need for statistical analysis of the digital economy key components in the regional context of the world countries, actions ranking and sequencing in the theoretical and methodological support of measures to enhance the use of digital and information products by countries.

Food security situation in EU countries is evaluated with reference to theoretical and empirical material. Aim of the article – to evaluate food security possibilities in European Union. Object of the article – food security. Methods used: analysis of scientific literature, method of descriptive statistics analysis. In the article according to the collected theoretical and practical material, the food security indicators in Europe countries are analysed and food security situation in Western Europe, Baltic and Easten Europe counties is evaluated. The first part of this article considers the concept of food security. Food security concept involves these dimensions of food security: a) availability of food, b) access to food, c) food utilization, d) stability, and e) vulnerability. Research methodology is discussed in the second part of the article. Main food security indicators for comparison are chosen based on theoretical and analytical analysis. The third part of this article presents the evaluation of food security in Baltic and Easten European countries.

Food security situation in EU countries is evaluated with reference to theoretical and empirical material. Aim of the article – to evaluate food security possibilities in European Union. Object of the article – food security. Methods used: analysis of scientific literature, method of descriptive statistics analysis. In the article according to the collected theoretical and practical material, the food security indicators in Europe countries are analysed and food security situation in Western Europe, Baltic and Easten Europe counties is evaluated. The first part of this article considers the concept of food security. Food security concept involves these dimensions of food security: a) availability of food, b) access to food, c) food utilization, d) stability, and e) vulnerability. Research methodology is discussed in the second part of the article. Main food security indicators for comparison are chosen based on theoretical and analytical analysis. The third part of this article presents the evaluation of food security in Baltic and Easten European countries.

Food security situation in EU countries is evaluated with reference to theoretical and empirical material. Aim of the article – to evaluate food security possibilities in European Union. Object of the article – food security. Methods used: analysis of scientific literature, method of descriptive statistics analysis. In the article according to the collected theoretical and practical material, the food security indicators in Europe countries are analysed and food security situation in Western Europe, Baltic and Easten Europe counties is evaluated. The first part of this article considers the concept of food security. Food security concept involves these dimensions of food security: a) availability of food, b) access to food, c) food utilization, d) stability, and e) vulnerability. Research methodology is discussed in the second part of the article. Main food security indicators for comparison are chosen based on theoretical and analytical analysis. The third part of this article presents the evaluation of food security in Baltic and Easten European countries.

Food security situation in EU countries is evaluated with reference to theoretical and empirical material. Aim of the article – to evaluate food security possibilities in European Union. Object of the article – food security. Methods used: analysis of scientific literature, method of descriptive statistics analysis. In the article according to the collected theoretical and practical material, the food security indicators in Europe countries are analysed and food security situation in Western Europe, Baltic and Easten Europe counties is evaluated. The first part of this article considers the concept of food security. Food security concept involves these dimensions of food security: a) availability of food, b) access to food, c) food utilization, d) stability, and e) vulnerability. Research methodology is discussed in the second part of the article. Main food security indicators for comparison are chosen based on theoretical and analytical analysis. The third part of this article presents the evaluation of food security in Baltic and Easten European countries.

Food security situation in EU countries is evaluated with reference to theoretical and empirical material. Aim of the article – to evaluate food security possibilities in European Union. Object of the article – food security. Methods used: analysis of scientific literature, method of descriptive statistics analysis. In the article according to the collected theoretical and practical material, the food security indicators in Europe countries are analysed and food security situation in Western Europe, Baltic and Easten Europe counties is evaluated. The first part of this article considers the concept of food security. Food security concept involves these dimensions of food security: a) availability of food, b) access to food, c) food utilization, d) stability, and e) vulnerability. Research methodology is discussed in the second part of the article. Main food security indicators for comparison are chosen based on theoretical and analytical analysis. The third part of this article presents the evaluation of food security in Baltic and Easten European countries.

Цілі дослідження: продемонструвати авторський досвід реалізації ідей євроінтеграції на уроках інформатики в загальноосвітній школі, продемонструвати використання авторської шкали часу «Риба-їжак» в навчальному процесі. Задачі дослідження: визначити теми шкільного курсу інформатики, під час вивчення яких доцільно розв'язати задачі з євроінтеграційним змістом, визначити програмне забезпечення, за допомогою якого можна розв'язати такі задачі. Дослідити можливість застосування шкали часу «Риба-їжак» у навчальному процесі та визначити програмне забезпечення для її побудови. Об'єкт дослідження: навчання інформатиці учнів 4-11 класів загальноосвітніх шкіл. Предмет дослідження: використання задач з євроінтеграційним змістом на уроках інформатики, використання моделей візуалізації та «стиснення» навчальної інформації на уроках інформатики, використання програмних засобів у навчанні учнів загальноосвітніх шкіл інформатиці. Методи дослідження: теоретичний (аналіз психолого-педагогічної літератури), діагностичний (аналіз результатів діяльності учнів). Результати дослідження: 1)на основі аналізу психолого-педагогічної літератури визначено доцільність використання задач з євроінтеграційним змістом на уроках інформатики; 2)виявлені програмні засоби, за допомогою яких розв'язуються такі задачі; 3)проаналізовано програми та підручники з інформатики для учнів 4-11 класів загальноосвітніх шкіл; 4)визначено доцільність використання шкали часу «Риба-їжак» у навчальному процесі; 5)визначено програмне забезпечення для її побудови. Основні висновки і рекомендації: 1) використання задач з євроінтеграційним змістом прищеплює учням інтерес до країн, які входять до складу Європейського союзу, знайомить з історією створення Європейського Союзу, демонструє цінності Європейського Союзу, сприяє усвідомленню важливості вступу України до Європейського Союзу; 2)доцільним є застосування шкали часу «Риба-їжак» у навчальному процесі. ; Research goals: to demonstrate the author's experience in implementing the European integration ideas at the informatics lessons in secondary school, demonstrating the use of the author's timeline "Porcupinefish" in the educational process. Research objectives: to identify the informatics school subject topics, which studying expedient will be solving tasks with European integration content; to determine the software useful and convenient for such problems solving. To explore the convenience and possibility of using timeline "Porcupinefish" in the learning process, determining the software for such time scale construction. Object of research: computer science teaching to secondary schools pupils of 4-11 forms. Subject of research: using tasks with European integration content in the computer science lessons, use of educational information visualization and "compression" models in the computer science lessons, use of software tools for teaching the informatics to general education secondary schools pupils. Research methods used: theoretical (analysis of psychological and didactical sources), diagnostic (analysis of pupil's performance). Results of the research: 1)on the basis of psychological and didactical sources analysis, the expediency of using problems with European integration content at the informatics lessons has been determined; 2)software tools applicable to solve such problems are determined; 3)the programs and textbooks on informatics for secondary schools pupils of 4-11 forms have been analyzed; 4)the expediency of using timeline "Porcupinefish" in the educational process has been established and stated; 5)the software convenient for its construction is determined. The main conclusions and recommendations: 1) using in educational process problems with Eurointegration content instills the pupils' interest to EU countries, familiarizing them with the European Union history, at the same time demonstrating the EU values and promotes awareness of the importance of Ukraine's accession to the European Union; 2) it is advisable to use timeline "Porcupinefish" in the educational process.

The paper analyses the changes of labour productivity in the European Union countries, discusses the fac - tors that affect labour productivity; also shows that labour productivity varies greatly across European Union countries. During study econometric model is used for twenty European Union countries. Based on regres - sion analysis results time period were defined during which the increase of investments into physical capital has the strongest effect on labour productivity in different European countries.

The paper analyses the changes of labour productivity in the European Union countries, discusses the fac - tors that affect labour productivity; also shows that labour productivity varies greatly across European Union countries. During study econometric model is used for twenty European Union countries. Based on regres - sion analysis results time period were defined during which the increase of investments into physical capital has the strongest effect on labour productivity in different European countries.

Dangerous goods are substances with hazardous properties and products that can harm people, the environment or property. Incorrect transport or storage of such cargo can lead to human or animal disease, poisoning, burns, as well as explosion, fire, damage to other cargo, rolling stock, structures and equipment, contamination of the environment and water. It is not possible to avoid the risk of transporting dangerous goods, but it can be controlled and minimized.A study on the possibilities for improving the transport of dangerous goods in the European Union countries was carried out. The study was conducted using a survey method. Questionnaires were sent to transport companies carrying dangerous goods. These companies are based in the European Union countries. The purpose of the study was to find out what security measures the relevant transport company is taking to ensure the safe transport of dangerous goods, the modes of transport of the most dangerous goods, the countries where the dangerous goods transported by the respective carrier are mostly transported, the information means used by the company for fast and safe transportation to the consignee of this type of cargo.The article presents the results of the study on the transport of dangerous goods in the EU countries. The questionnaire analysis showshow respondents in the European Union countries evaluate the transport of dangerous goods, what dangerous goods are usually transported, what are the causes of accidents and what is being done to reduce the risks of transporting dangerous goods.After analysis of the results of the study it can be stated that the EU countries have a variety of security measures to reduce the risk of dangerous goods transport. Therefore, Lithuanian carriers can be offered various means of safe transportation of these goods.The article provides guidance measures to ensure the safe transport of that cargo.

Dangerous goods are substances with hazardous properties and products that can harm people, the environment or property. Incorrect transport or storage of such cargo can lead to human or animal disease, poisoning, burns, as well as explosion, fire, damage to other cargo, rolling stock, structures and equipment, contamination of the environment and water. It is not possible to avoid the risk of transporting dangerous goods, but it can be controlled and minimized.A study on the possibilities for improving the transport of dangerous goods in the European Union countries was carried out. The study was conducted using a survey method. Questionnaires were sent to transport companies carrying dangerous goods. These companies are based in the European Union countries. The purpose of the study was to find out what security measures the relevant transport company is taking to ensure the safe transport of dangerous goods, the modes of transport of the most dangerous goods, the countries where the dangerous goods transported by the respective carrier are mostly transported, the information means used by the company for fast and safe transportation to the consignee of this type of cargo.The article presents the results of the study on the transport of dangerous goods in the EU countries. The questionnaire analysis showshow respondents in the European Union countries evaluate the transport of dangerous goods, what dangerous goods are usually transported, what are the causes of accidents and what is being done to reduce the risks of transporting dangerous goods.After analysis of the results of the study it can be stated that the EU countries have a variety of security measures to reduce the risk of dangerous goods transport. Therefore, Lithuanian carriers can be offered various means of safe transportation of these goods.The article provides guidance measures to ensure the safe transport of that cargo.

The levels and channels of ensuring the openness of the parliament are determined.The experience of functioning of the basic principles of openness in the work of the parliaments of the EU countries is researched. The directions of application of foreign experience in the process of establishing the principle of openness of the national parliament are formulated. ; Визначено рівні і канали забезпечення відкритості парламенту. Дослідженодосвід впровадження основоположних засад відкритості в діяльності парламентів країн ЄС. Сформульовано напрямки застосування зарубіжного досвіду в процесі утвердження принципу відкритості вітчизняного парламенту.

The levels and channels of ensuring the openness of the parliament are determined.The experience of functioning of the basic principles of openness in the work of the parliaments of the EU countries is researched. The directions of application of foreign experience in the process of establishing the principle of openness of the national parliament are formulated. ; Визначено рівні і канали забезпечення відкритості парламенту. Дослідженодосвід впровадження основоположних засад відкритості в діяльності парламентів країн ЄС. Сформульовано напрямки застосування зарубіжного досвіду в процесі утвердження принципу відкритості вітчизняного парламенту.

У статті проаналізовано особливості формування та розвитку смарт-дестинацій на прикладі країн Європейського Союзу. Проаналізовано необхідність створення розумних туристичних дестинацій на основі філософії сталого розвитку, застосування сучасних інтегрованих інформаційних технологій та ефективного застосування та розвитку суміжних з туризом галузей.Досліджено та визначено основні фактори, які впливають на необхідність формування розумних туристичних дестинацій з метою оптимізації антропогенного навантаження на дестинацію, боротьби з «овер туризмом» та з одночасним покращенням якості життя місцевого населення. Проаналізовано основні складові смарт-дестинації на прикладі міста Барселона, що є пілотним та успішним проектом з формування розумного міста. Визначено основні напрямки формування та розвитку смарт-дестинацій в Україні на прикладі м. Львів. ; Implementation of the latest and new information technologies, digital solutions with optimization of smart tourist destination model is an integral part of the country's economic development strategy of modern countries. Smart Destination Technologies are being introduced in many tourist centers in Europe and around the world, the most popular are: Barcelona, London, Gdansk, Boston, Chicago, Las Vegas, New York, Orlando, San Antonio, San Diego, Shanghai, Sydney, Los Angeles, Dubai and a lot of other. The main advantages for tourists is the use of loyalty city cards, which allows tourist to save significantly on the cost of living, food, transport, also tourism services as well as increasing the informatively and safety of travel. In connection with this, there is a need to study the experience of developed countries of the European Union in the formation of smart foundations.The article defines the features of formation and development of smart destinations on the example of European Union countries. It is very important for tourist industry, because tourist flows on the continent is growing and anthropogenic impact on the environment, social, technical and transport infrastructure, historical and architectural monuments, cultural objects of tourist destination also is growing.That is why creation of smart tourist destinations is necessity and based on the philosophy of sustainable tourism development, application of modern integrated information technologies and effective application of industrial, transport, energy, environmental management.The main factors that have influence on the necessity of formation of smart tourist destinations and their development are investigated with the aim of optimizization of the anthropogenic loading on the destination, the struggle with over tourism and simultaneously improving the quality of life of the local population.All basic components of smart foundations are analyzed on the example of the Barcelona city, which is a pilot and successful project of the smart city organization. The basic directions of formation and development of smart destinations in Ukraine are determined on the example of Lviv.