Suchergebnisse

The paper deals with the issue of European Union (EU) structural support effectiveness in Lithuanian information society development and correct appliance in this field. The research major goal is to evaluate Lithuania abilities to absorb European Union structural funds properly in a purpose to stimulate information society's growth. This document deals with topical issues of funding Lithuanian knowledge and information society, which finally implements economics growth and competitive ability in all Europe. Now it's the main discussion target in politics arena. The paper is concerned with these main questions and tasks: to present information society goals and tendencies; to discuss development condition of Lithuanian information society in a context of European Union; to describe and compare reach of main strategic documents and goals in this field, between EU and Lithuania. Present the EU structural funds, support to information society development, administration and regulation in Lithuania, this significantly affect information society and that has become a standing question for countries with a similar experience as Lithuania; to analyze funding impact to information society development in current period; give findings and suggestions; describe preparation and planning for a new support programming period in a background of current analysis; give some planning and preparation suggestions. Research has been made by analysis of statistical facts quantitative analysis, secondary source analysis, modeling and SWOT analysis. Structural funds application in information society should evolve all business environments and whole society. The economy of the transitional period constitutes conditions for us to accelerate the of information society. To Lithuania, this is possible only after having summarized the experience of other countries in this field. This way we can escape the majority of mistakes that happen in other countries which create funds planning systems. The emphasis on knowledge and information will create additional pressures on the support planning documents; this factor is mentioned and examined in this paper. A solution to solve problems in appliance of effective funding was one of conclusions. By making research in Lithuanian information society development and planning documents were made outstanding conclusions, which can emphasise planning limitations, need of more effective regulation, simplification, and more qualitative approach.

The paper deals with the issue of European Union (EU) structural support effectiveness in Lithuanian information society development and correct appliance in this field. The research major goal is to evaluate Lithuania abilities to absorb European Union structural funds properly in a purpose to stimulate information society's growth. This document deals with topical issues of funding Lithuanian knowledge and information society, which finally implements economics growth and competitive ability in all Europe. Now it's the main discussion target in politics arena. The paper is concerned with these main questions and tasks: to present information society goals and tendencies; to discuss development condition of Lithuanian information society in a context of European Union; to describe and compare reach of main strategic documents and goals in this field, between EU and Lithuania. Present the EU structural funds, support to information society development, administration and regulation in Lithuania, this significantly affect information society and that has become a standing question for countries with a similar experience as Lithuania; to analyze funding impact to information society development in current period; give findings and suggestions; describe preparation and planning for a new support programming period in a background of current analysis; give some planning and preparation suggestions. Research has been made by analysis of statistical facts quantitative analysis, secondary source analysis, modeling and SWOT analysis. Structural funds application in information society should evolve all business environments and whole society. The economy of the transitional period constitutes conditions for us to accelerate the of information society. To Lithuania, this is possible only after having summarized the experience of other countries in this field. This way we can escape the majority of mistakes that happen in other countries which create funds planning systems. The emphasis on knowledge and information will create additional pressures on the support planning documents; this factor is mentioned and examined in this paper. A solution to solve problems in appliance of effective funding was one of conclusions. By making research in Lithuanian information society development and planning documents were made outstanding conclusions, which can emphasise planning limitations, need of more effective regulation, simplification, and more qualitative approach.

The paper deals with the issue of European Union (EU) structural support effectiveness in Lithuanian information society development and correct appliance in this field. The research major goal is to evaluate Lithuania abilities to absorb European Union structural funds properly in a purpose to stimulate information society's growth. This document deals with topical issues of funding Lithuanian knowledge and information society, which finally implements economics growth and competitive ability in all Europe. Now it's the main discussion target in politics arena. The paper is concerned with these main questions and tasks: to present information society goals and tendencies; to discuss development condition of Lithuanian information society in a context of European Union; to describe and compare reach of main strategic documents and goals in this field, between EU and Lithuania. Present the EU structural funds, support to information society development, administration and regulation in Lithuania, this significantly affect information society and that has become a standing question for countries with a similar experience as Lithuania; to analyze funding impact to information society development in current period; give findings and suggestions; describe preparation and planning for a new support programming period in a background of current analysis; give some planning and preparation suggestions. Research has been made by analysis of statistical facts quantitative analysis, secondary source analysis, modeling and SWOT analysis. Structural funds application in information society should evolve all business environments and whole society. The economy of the transitional period constitutes conditions for us to accelerate the of information society. To Lithuania, this is possible only after having summarized the experience of other countries in this field. This way we can escape the majority of mistakes that happen in other countries which create funds planning systems. The emphasis on knowledge and information will create additional pressures on the support planning documents; this factor is mentioned and examined in this paper. A solution to solve problems in appliance of effective funding was one of conclusions. By making research in Lithuanian information society development and planning documents were made outstanding conclusions, which can emphasise planning limitations, need of more effective regulation, simplification, and more qualitative approach.

The paper deals with the issue of European Union (EU) structural support effectiveness in Lithuanian information society development and correct appliance in this field. The research major goal is to evaluate Lithuania abilities to absorb European Union structural funds properly in a purpose to stimulate information society's growth. This document deals with topical issues of funding Lithuanian knowledge and information society, which finally implements economics growth and competitive ability in all Europe. Now it's the main discussion target in politics arena. The paper is concerned with these main questions and tasks: to present information society goals and tendencies; to discuss development condition of Lithuanian information society in a context of European Union; to describe and compare reach of main strategic documents and goals in this field, between EU and Lithuania. Present the EU structural funds, support to information society development, administration and regulation in Lithuania, this significantly affect information society and that has become a standing question for countries with a similar experience as Lithuania; to analyze funding impact to information society development in current period; give findings and suggestions; describe preparation and planning for a new support programming period in a background of current analysis; give some planning and preparation suggestions. Research has been made by analysis of statistical facts quantitative analysis, secondary source analysis, modeling and SWOT analysis. Structural funds application in information society should evolve all business environments and whole society. The economy of the transitional period constitutes conditions for us to accelerate the of information society. To Lithuania, this is possible only after having summarized the experience of other countries in this field. This way we can escape the majority of mistakes that happen in other countries which create funds planning systems. The emphasis on knowledge and information will create additional pressures on the support planning documents; this factor is mentioned and examined in this paper. A solution to solve problems in appliance of effective funding was one of conclusions. By making research in Lithuanian information society development and planning documents were made outstanding conclusions, which can emphasise planning limitations, need of more effective regulation, simplification, and more qualitative approach.

The EU enlargement in 2004 and 2007 affected old and new members of the union differently. The processes changed the scale, structure and directions of international migration. According to official statistics the EU has about 30.8 million migrants, representing about 6.2 percent of the total population. There are different types of migration in the union: from economic migrants to asylum seekers or refugees. More than half of them are the working- age population. That influences changes in population and labour supply of the countries – changes occur in the number and structure of labour force, number of taxpayers and social security contributors, etc. About 33% of migration is movement in­side the EU countries.[.]

The EU enlargement in 2004 and 2007 affected old and new members of the union differently. The processes changed the scale, structure and directions of international migration. According to official statistics the EU has about 30.8 million migrants, representing about 6.2 percent of the total population. There are different types of migration in the union: from economic migrants to asylum seekers or refugees. More than half of them are the working- age population. That influences changes in population and labour supply of the countries – changes occur in the number and structure of labour force, number of taxpayers and social security contributors, etc. About 33% of migration is movement in­side the EU countries.[.]

The dissertation addresses mixed EU-Member States agreements with third parties. The first part of the dissertation unveils the legal basis of mixed agreements and their relation to the principle of conferred powers. The practices of their negotiation, conclusion and implementation, as well as the boundaries of the CJEU jurisdiction to interpret and apply them are addressed in the second and third part of the dissertation. The fourth part is devoted to the examination of particularities of international responsibility for breach of mixed agreements from the point of view of EU law. In the last two parts, the relevance of the duty of loyal cooperation to mixed agreements and future perspectives of these agreements in the context of the Lisbon Treaty are thoroughly assessed. It is concluded that the legal basis of mixed agreements is the principle of conferred powers. This principle affects all of their practice areas, but to a varying degree. The achievement of balance between this principle and the interests of integrity of mixed agreements is facilitated by the principle of loyal cooperation. The Lisbon Treaty establishes conditions for changes in the practice of mixed agreements and offers legal opportunities for their partial replacement with horizontal EU agreements combining elements of the CFSP and other EU policies.

The dissertation addresses mixed EU-Member States agreements with third parties. The first part of the dissertation unveils the legal basis of mixed agreements and their relation to the principle of conferred powers. The practices of their negotiation, conclusion and implementation, as well as the boundaries of the CJEU jurisdiction to interpret and apply them are addressed in the second and third part of the dissertation. The fourth part is devoted to the examination of particularities of international responsibility for breach of mixed agreements from the point of view of EU law. In the last two parts, the relevance of the duty of loyal cooperation to mixed agreements and future perspectives of these agreements in the context of the Lisbon Treaty are thoroughly assessed. It is concluded that the legal basis of mixed agreements is the principle of conferred powers. This principle affects all of their practice areas, but to a varying degree. The achievement of balance between this principle and the interests of integrity of mixed agreements is facilitated by the principle of loyal cooperation. The Lisbon Treaty establishes conditions for changes in the practice of mixed agreements and offers legal opportunities for their partial replacement with horizontal EU agreements combining elements of the CFSP and other EU policies.

The dissertation addresses mixed EU-Member States agreements with third parties. The first part of the dissertation unveils the legal basis of mixed agreements and their relation to the principle of conferred powers. The practices of their negotiation, conclusion and implementation, as well as the boundaries of the CJEU jurisdiction to interpret and apply them are addressed in the second and third part of the dissertation. The fourth part is devoted to the examination of particularities of international responsibility for breach of mixed agreements from the point of view of EU law. In the last two parts, the relevance of the duty of loyal cooperation to mixed agreements and future perspectives of these agreements in the context of the Lisbon Treaty are thoroughly assessed. It is concluded that the legal basis of mixed agreements is the principle of conferred powers. This principle affects all of their practice areas, but to a varying degree. The achievement of balance between this principle and the interests of integrity of mixed agreements is facilitated by the principle of loyal cooperation. The Lisbon Treaty establishes conditions for changes in the practice of mixed agreements and offers legal opportunities for their partial replacement with horizontal EU agreements combining elements of the CFSP and other EU policies.

The dissertation addresses mixed EU-Member States agreements with third parties. The first part of the dissertation unveils the legal basis of mixed agreements and their relation to the principle of conferred powers. The practices of their negotiation, conclusion and implementation, as well as the boundaries of the CJEU jurisdiction to interpret and apply them are addressed in the second and third part of the dissertation. The fourth part is devoted to the examination of particularities of international responsibility for breach of mixed agreements from the point of view of EU law. In the last two parts, the relevance of the duty of loyal cooperation to mixed agreements and future perspectives of these agreements in the context of the Lisbon Treaty are thoroughly assessed. It is concluded that the legal basis of mixed agreements is the principle of conferred powers. This principle affects all of their practice areas, but to a varying degree. The achievement of balance between this principle and the interests of integrity of mixed agreements is facilitated by the principle of loyal cooperation. The Lisbon Treaty establishes conditions for changes in the practice of mixed agreements and offers legal opportunities for their partial replacement with horizontal EU agreements combining elements of the CFSP and other EU policies.

In the early stages of European integration, an education policy had not been identified as a political area for joint actions of the Member States. The first initiatives with regard to education by the European Communities of sizable political impact were undertaken in 1976. In December 1991, the Maastricht Treaty of the European Union finally laid the grounds for a legitimate role to be played by the EC Commission in the field of education. European Cummnity does not regulate the content of teaching and the organization of education systems of the Member States. The education policy of the European Union at present is mainly implemented through a series of programmes concerned with education and training. It is interesting to note that, while Member States of the Community are fiercely defending their own right to establish a content and methods of national education, the Community is recommending quite a different approach to the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. As a result, people in Central and Eastern Europe are starting to feel that the transfer of knowledge, experience, and paradigms, which takes place, on the whole, rather uncritically, threatens their cultural identity. Nevertheless, we should not underestimate the substantial positive impact of the programmes providing assistance to newly developing democracies, which were established by the Community after the fall of the Communist regimes in 1989 and 1990.

In the early stages of European integration, an education policy had not been identified as a political area for joint actions of the Member States. The first initiatives with regard to education by the European Communities of sizable political impact were undertaken in 1976. In December 1991, the Maastricht Treaty of the European Union finally laid the grounds for a legitimate role to be played by the EC Commission in the field of education. European Cummnity does not regulate the content of teaching and the organization of education systems of the Member States. The education policy of the European Union at present is mainly implemented through a series of programmes concerned with education and training. It is interesting to note that, while Member States of the Community are fiercely defending their own right to establish a content and methods of national education, the Community is recommending quite a different approach to the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. As a result, people in Central and Eastern Europe are starting to feel that the transfer of knowledge, experience, and paradigms, which takes place, on the whole, rather uncritically, threatens their cultural identity. Nevertheless, we should not underestimate the substantial positive impact of the programmes providing assistance to newly developing democracies, which were established by the Community after the fall of the Communist regimes in 1989 and 1990.

In the early stages of European integration, an education policy had not been identified as a political area for joint actions of the Member States. The first initiatives with regard to education by the European Communities of sizable political impact were undertaken in 1976. In December 1991, the Maastricht Treaty of the European Union finally laid the grounds for a legitimate role to be played by the EC Commission in the field of education. European Cummnity does not regulate the content of teaching and the organization of education systems of the Member States. The education policy of the European Union at present is mainly implemented through a series of programmes concerned with education and training. It is interesting to note that, while Member States of the Community are fiercely defending their own right to establish a content and methods of national education, the Community is recommending quite a different approach to the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. As a result, people in Central and Eastern Europe are starting to feel that the transfer of knowledge, experience, and paradigms, which takes place, on the whole, rather uncritically, threatens their cultural identity. Nevertheless, we should not underestimate the substantial positive impact of the programmes providing assistance to newly developing democracies, which were established by the Community after the fall of the Communist regimes in 1989 and 1990.

In the early stages of European integration, an education policy had not been identified as a political area for joint actions of the Member States. The first initiatives with regard to education by the European Communities of sizable political impact were undertaken in 1976. In December 1991, the Maastricht Treaty of the European Union finally laid the grounds for a legitimate role to be played by the EC Commission in the field of education. European Cummnity does not regulate the content of teaching and the organization of education systems of the Member States. The education policy of the European Union at present is mainly implemented through a series of programmes concerned with education and training. It is interesting to note that, while Member States of the Community are fiercely defending their own right to establish a content and methods of national education, the Community is recommending quite a different approach to the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. As a result, people in Central and Eastern Europe are starting to feel that the transfer of knowledge, experience, and paradigms, which takes place, on the whole, rather uncritically, threatens their cultural identity. Nevertheless, we should not underestimate the substantial positive impact of the programmes providing assistance to newly developing democracies, which were established by the Community after the fall of the Communist regimes in 1989 and 1990.

The regional policy pursued in the European Union which is often called the cohesion policy is characterized as an important factor helping to level the overall development of the European Union. In this regard, the study of the features of cohesion policy instruments using the example of the legal mechanisms of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development is very relevant and has a high theoretical and practical significance. The object of the master's work is the legal regulation of social relations that arise about the implementation of the European cohesion policy by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. The purpose of the master's work is a comprehensive analysis of the peculiarities of the legal regulation of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development as an instrument of the European cohesion policy. Tasks of the master's work: 1) to give a concept, to characterize the essence and instruments of the implementation of the European cohesion policy; 2) to consider the evolution of the cohesion policy of the European Union; 3) to consider the features of creation, organizational structure and the aims of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development; 4) to analyze the features and problems of the international legal status of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development; 5) to characterize the features of the credit and investment activities of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development; 6) to determine the role of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development in the European cohesion policy. There were used dialectical, historical methods, the methods of formal logic, the comparative legal method, the statistical and the system methods and other methods of cognition. The master's work is devoted to the study of European cohesion policy instruments using the example of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development legal mechanisms. It has been found out that today the cohesion policy in the European Union is used as a synonym for regional policy, since it aims to bridge the gap in the levels of economic development and per capita income in different regions, to increase the economic solidarity of countries. A classification of European cohesion policy instruments has been proposed. It is proved that the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development is an international intergovernmental organization by its legal nature. The features of the legal status of the EBRD are defined. It has been found out that the lending by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development to finance projects in a particular country is carried out in accordance with the EBRD's strategies for this country. The role of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development as an instrument of European cohesion policy is defined. The features of the social policy of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the environmental dimension of its investment activities in the framework of the European cohesion policy are identified. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that it is a comprehensive scientific work in which a theoretical study of the legal basis of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, including the implementation of the European cohesion policy goals by the bank, has been carried out. The master's work can be useful to researchers, lecturers, lawyers and students.