Suchergebnisse

As Greens we have come quite a long way in our relatively short but eventful political history. Thirty years ago or so, when the first Greens started harping on the neglect of the environment and on the need to redress the balance of nature, the long-standing establishment looked down upon us and even snubbed us.When we Greens started highlighting energy issues and the problems of climate change, some established traditional politicians tried to belittle us. When we Greens insisted on improving the quality of life of all beings on Earth and stressed the necessity of Ieading a healthy lifestyle based on the consumption of safe and natural food products, we encountered resistance from a number of multinational companies and politicians. ; peer-reviewed

This chapter aims to put in the spotlight the role of the REScoop.eu federation in supporting the development of community-based energy initiatives and their recognition by dfferent audiences. In the first part, we recall the emergence of REScoops and their networking process at the European level. Then, we outline a number of roles taken by the network both internally (towards the members) and externally (towards the broader renewable energy field). Finally, we conclude by discussing the achievements and challenges of REScoop.eu and the broader development and promotion of community-based renewable energy at the international level. Through this type of "storytelling", we give insights into a European Union (EU)-funded action-oriented research project. ; Peer reviewed

The European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences (EUFEPS) was founded 25 years ago by more than 20 national pharmaceutical societies and faculty members. As a pan-European organization, it brings together pharmaceutical societies as well as academic, industrial and regulatory scientists engaged in drug research and development, drug regulation and education of professionals working in these fields. EUFEPS represents pharmaceutical sciences in Europe and is recognized as such by both the European Commission and the European Medicines Agency. EUFEPS cooperates with the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and other European organizations and maintains global connections with agencies such as the US Food and Drug Administration and the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists. EUFEPS has established specified networks forming the basis of its activities. The creation of a Network on Veterinary Medicines is prompted by the manifold problems resulting from the use of veterinary drugs and its inherent interconnections with human medicine, environmental and public health. A long-term goal of this initiative was to expand the spectrum of available therapeutics for use in animals, including the development of innovative delivery systems.

Introduction: Radiographers can elect to work within many different modalities, one being ultrasound. Within Europe there are differing opinions about how much of a role radiographers should take in relation to the ultrasound examination, particularly report writing. This paper provides findings exploring the radiographer's views on working within sonography. Methods: In 2019 an electronic survey was disseminated to radiographer members by European Federation of Radiographer Societies (EFRS) national radiographer societies, following a pilot study. A mix of closed questions, free text, and scale responses aimed to investigate radiographers' practice, legal responsibilities, report writing, educational level and experiences of support and mentoring. Results: Of 561 radiographers participating, most (92%) reported performing ultrasound scans. Challenges with legislation, medical protectionism and lack of high-quality education restricted other radiographers. On average, the respondents have practiced ultrasound for 13.5 years. A total of 60% had postgraduate education and carried out a wide range of examinations. A full interpretative report, including advice on further investigations is performed by 52%, whilst 22% provide a checklist or descriptive report. Over 55% of radiographers took legal responsibility for the examination and the majority had clear protocols, good mentoring and support in the workplace. Peer review of their work was less common. Conclusion: The result shows that in 21 (n = 25) countries radiographers perform ultrasound, however not without challenges. Educational levels range from no formal education or short courses to an MSc in ultrasound. Report writing practice differs across the EFRS countries responding to the survey, as does peer review to enhance skills and clinical practice. Implications for practice: National Radiographer societies could review findings to support campaigning for a change in legislation and improvements to educational offerings in ultrasound.

Introduction: Variability in non-medical ultrasound practice across Europe has been highlighted in studies. Meanwhile, advanced practice in radiography has undergone rapid development in the United Kingdom (UK). This survey aimed to review results relating to extended role and advanced practice skills, motivation and job satisfaction from a wider survey of radiographers undertaking ultrasound examinations across the European Federation of Radiographer Societies' (EFRS) community. Methods: Following a pilot study, a SurveyMonkey™ on-line questionnaire was disseminated to EFRS member societies to share with their members, and via social media platforms. Quantitative questions for this article related to extended and advanced practice skills, communication of results, job satisfaction, motivation and career development. Theme analysis was used to assess qualitative feedback concerning priorities for future developments within the ultrasound role. Results: There were 561 responses, mainly from the UK, Ireland and Spain (81%). The majority (83.4%) of UK sonographers communicate findings to patients, compared with 27.1% in other EFRS countries. More engage with teaching (UK = 90.1%, non-UK 72.9%) compared with activities in the other advanced practice domains. The lowest involvement was the research domain, with only 33% actively involved in research. Radiographers were motivated to undertake ultrasound to develop their knowledge and skills and assume more responsibility. Conclusion: Wide variations in ultrasound practice were seen across respondent countries. Generally, radiographers are happy with their ultrasound roles, although priorities include legislation for the sonographer role, remuneration, respect or support from medical colleagues, high quality education and role progression opportunities. Implications for practice: The findings provide a better understanding of radiographer views which can assist radiographer societies and local teams to develop strategies to enhance advanced practice skills development and career prospects in ultrasound.

Introduction: Radiographers can elect to work within many different modalities, one being ultrasound. Within Europe there are differing opinions about how much of a role radiographers should take in relation to the ultrasound examination, particularly report writing. This paper provides findings exploring the radiographer's views on working within sonography. Methods: In 2019 an electronic survey was disseminated to radiographer members by European Federation of Radiographer Societies (EFRS) national radiographer societies, following a pilot study. A mix of closed questions, free text, and scale responses aimed to investigate radiographers' practice, legal responsibilities, report writing, educational level and experiences of support and mentoring. Results: Of 561 radiographers participating, most (92%) reported performing ultrasound scans. Challenges with legislation, medical protectionism and lack of high-quality education restricted other radiographers. On average, the respondents have practiced ultrasound for 13.5 years. A total of 60% had postgraduate education and carried out a wide range of examinations. A full interpretative report, including advice on further investigations is performed by 52%, whilst 22% provide a checklist or descriptive report. Over 55% of radiographers took legal responsibility for the examination and the majority had clear protocols, good mentoring and support in the workplace. Peer review of their work was less common. Conclusion: The result shows that in 21 (n = 25) countries radiographers perform ultrasound, however not without challenges. Educational levels range from no formal education or short courses to an MSc in ultrasound. Report writing practice differs across the EFRS countries responding to the survey, as does peer review to enhance skills and clinical practice. Implications for practice: National Radiographer societies could review findings to support campaigning for a change in legislation and improvements to educational offerings in ultrasound.

INTRODUCTION: Variability in non-medical ultrasound practice across Europe has been highlighted in studies. Meanwhile, advanced practice in radiography has undergone rapid development in the United Kingdom (UK). This survey aimed to review results relating to extended role and advanced practice skills, motivation and job satisfaction from a wider survey of radiographers undertaking ultrasound examinations across the European Federation of Radiographer Societies' (EFRS) community. METHODS: Following a pilot study, a SurveyMonkey™ on-line questionnaire was disseminated to EFRS member societies to share with their members, and via social media platforms. Quantitative questions for this article related to extended and advanced practice skills, communication of results, job satisfaction, motivation and career development. Theme analysis was used to assess qualitative feedback concerning priorities for future developments within the ultrasound role. RESULTS: There were 561 responses, mainly from the UK, Ireland and Spain (81%). The majority (83.4%) of UK sonographers communicate findings to patients, compared with 27.1% in other EFRS countries. More engage with teaching (UK = 90.1%, non-UK 72.9%) compared with activities in the other advanced practice domains. The lowest involvement was the research domain, with only 33% actively involved in research. Radiographers were motivated to undertake ultrasound to develop their knowledge and skills and assume more responsibility. CONCLUSION: Wide variations in ultrasound practice were seen across respondent countries. Generally, radiographers are happy with their ultrasound roles, although priorities include legislation for the sonographer role, remuneration, respect or support from medical colleagues, high quality education and role progression opportunities. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The findings provide a better understanding of radiographer views which can assist radiographer societies and local teams to develop strategies to enhance advanced practice skills development and career prospects in ultrasound.

Associated mainly with Mathematics, Philosophy and technical inventions, J. M. Hoene-Wroński proved to be - one of the first among Poles – an author of the concept of a European federation. Due to a dispersion of these considerations amongst several publications, this concept has not been widely discussed. In his view, unification of the peoples of Europe would guarantee internal and external peace, freedom to individual nations and a halt to the march of revolution on the Continent. Political power in the federation was to be vested in a congregation representing all nations, modelled on the United States Congress. However, economic issues were to solved by individual member state on their own. ; Kojarzony głównie z matematyką, filozofią i wynalazkami technicznymi J.M. Hoene-Wroński okazał się być również jednym z pierwszych wśród Polaków autorem koncepcji Federacji Europejskiej. Z powodu rozproszenia tych rozważań w kilku publikacjach, koncepcja ta nie była dotychczas szerzej omówiona. W zamyśle jej autora zjednoczenie narodów Europy miało zagwarantować wewnętrzny i zewnętrzny pokój, wolność poszczególnym narodom oraz zahamować pochód rewolucji na starym kontynencie. Władzę polityczną w federacji miało sprawować zgromadzenie reprezentujące wszystkie narody, wzorowane na Kongresie amerykańskim. Natomiast sprawy gospodarcze miały rozwiązywać samodzielnie poszczególne kraje członkowskie.

Associated mainly with Mathematics, Philosophy and technical inventions, J. M. Hoene-Wroński proved to be - one of the first among Poles – an author of the concept of a European federation. Due to a dispersion of these considerations amongst several publications, this concept has not been widely discussed. In his view, unification of the peoples of Europe would guarantee internal and external peace, freedom to individual nations and a halt to the march of revolution on the Continent. Political power in the federation was to be vested in a congregation representing all nations, modelled on the United States Congress. However, economic issues were to solved by individual member state on their own. ; Kojarzony głównie z matematyką, filozofią i wynalazkami technicznymi J.M. Hoene-Wroński okazał się być również jednym z pierwszych wśród Polaków autorem koncepcji Federacji Europejskiej. Z powodu rozproszenia tych rozważań w kilku publikacjach, koncepcja ta nie była dotychczas szerzej omówiona. W zamyśle jej autora zjednoczenie narodów Europy miało zagwarantować wewnętrzny i zewnętrzny pokój, wolność poszczególnym narodom oraz zahamować pochód rewolucji na starym kontynencie. Władzę polityczną w federacji miało sprawować zgromadzenie reprezentujące wszystkie narody, wzorowane na Kongresie amerykańskim. Natomiast sprawy gospodarcze miały rozwiązywać samodzielnie poszczególne kraje członkowskie.

INTRODUCTION: Ultrasound is one of many areas of specialism for radiographers to develop their skills in. As part of a wider suite of surveys, the European Federation of Radiographer Societies (EFRS) wanted to investigate the extent and scope of practice for radiographers practising ultrasound across Europe. This report details the results of the initial survey, exploring the views of the EFRS countries' National Radiographer Societies. METHODS: An electronic survey was sent to representatives of the 43 national radiographer societies who were members of the EFRS. Questions asked about radiographer practice in ultrasound within individual countries, scope of the role, particularly report writing, in addition to investigating current ultrasound education, barriers and opinions on priorities for radiographer ultrasound practice. RESULTS: Forty individual responses were received, from a total of 27 countries, covering 62.8% of the EFRS member societies invited to participate. Radiologists or specialised medical practitioners performed ultrasound in the majority of countries. Radiographers practise ultrasound in 48% of countries and 11% have some limited involvement in ultrasound. Countries without radiographer engagement in ultrasound reported legislative issues or lack of acceptance from the medical professions (52%) and/or limited specific ultrasound education (39%) as predominant factors. In most countries where radiographers practise ultrasound, clinical reporting is a descriptive report or checklist approved by a medical doctor/radiologist. CONCLUSION: The results highlight the scope of practice and barriers faced in some EFRS countries to enabling radiographers to develop their skills and competencies in ultrasound. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Priorities for radiographer societies to assist in the development of ultrasound as a pathway for radiographer progression in countries, where it is not yet available, include education programmes, acceptance by medical professionals and changes to legislation.

Wer über die aktuelle Entwicklung des Deutschen, über Sprachpflege und Sprach-politik in Deutschland spricht, muss unausweichlich auch über Englisch reden. Darin unterscheidet sich mein Bericht nicht von denen aus mehreren anderen europäischen Ländern. Meine Kapitel heißen Anglizismen, Domänenverslust, Sprachpolitik.

The Federation (EFGP) evolved from a loose network called the Co-ordination of Green Parties that was initiated in the early 1980s with six member parties. In 1993, the EFGP was created in Helsinki with 23 founding members, and today it is a formally registered organisation with its seat in Vienna and its administrative office in Brussels. Its purpose is to strengthen the Green political movement across the continent. Its task is to facilitate communication between its members, to support small parties and to coordinate policy-making throughout Europe. ; peer-reviewed

A European Federation of Cytology Societies (EFCS) working party of 28 members from 14 European countries met at the European Congress of Cytology in Lisbon in September 2009, with two observers from the USA, to discuss the need for standardising thyroid FNA nomenclature in the light of the National Institute of Cancer (NCI) recommendations resulting from the State of the Science conference in Bethesda in 2007. The data were obtained through two questionnaires sent by email and a transcript of the live discussion at the congress, which is presented in full. The surveys and discussion showed that there were currently no national terminologies for reporting thyroid FNA in the different European countries except in Italy and the UK. Personal,'local', surgical pathology and descriptive terminologies were in use. All but one of the working party members agreed that thyroid FNA reporting should be standardised. Whilst almost a third would adopt the NCI Bethesda terminology, which offers the advantages of a'risk of cancer' correlation and is linked to clinical recommendations, more than half favoured a translation of local terminology as the first step towards a unified nomenclature, as has been done recently in the UK. There was some disagreement about the use of: a) the six-tiered as opposed to four or five-tiered systems, b) the use of an indeterminate category and c) the'follicular neoplasm' category, which was felt by some participants not to be different from the'suspicious of malignancy' category. The conclusions will be passed to the different national societies of cytology for discussion, who will be asked to map their local terminologies to the Bethesda classification, observe its acceptance by clinicians and audit its correlation with outcome.

This EFOMP Policy Statement is an update of Policy Statement No. 6 first published in 1994. The present version takes into account the European Union Parliament and Council Directive 2013/55/EU that amends Directive 2005/36/EU on the recognition of professional qualifications and the European Union Council Directive 2013/59/EURATOM laying down the basic safety standards for protection against the dangers arising from exposure to ionising radiation. The European Commission Radiation Protection Report No. 174, Guidelines on Medical Physics Expert and the EFOMP Policy Statement No. 12.1, Recommendations on Medical Physics Education and Training in Europe 2014, are also taken into consideration. The EFOMP National Member Organisations are encouraged to update their Medical Physics registration schemes where these exist or to develop registration schemes taking into account the present version of this EFOMP Policy Statement (Policy Statement No. 6.1"Recommended Guidelines on National Registration Schemes for Medical Physicists").

En las últimas décadas ha sido creciente el protagonismo del opúsculo de Kant, Hacia la paz perpetua (1795), inspirado en las reflexiones del Abbé de Saint-Pierre. Leibniz, sin embargo, no suele ser considerado entre los antecedentes políticos de las refl ; Kant's short work Towards Perpetual Peace (1795), inspired in the reflections of the Abbot Saint-Pierre, has attracted attention during the last decades. Nonetheless, Leibniz is not generally considered as political predecessor of Kantian pondering on per