Suchergebnisse

The article analyzes the institutional system of European Civil Procedure, supranational EU legislation of Civil Process, which is the basis of two recent pan-European procedures in civil and commercial matters,аnd procedures that facilitate efficient consideration and resolution of civil and commercial cross-border matters, including the service of judicial and extrajudicial documents, regulation of evidence, recognition and enforcement of judgments etc. ; В статье анализируется институциональная система European Civil Procedure, наднационального законодательства Европейского Союза в сфере гражданского процесса, основой которой явлются две современные общеевропейские процедуры по рассмотрению и решению отдельных категорий гражданских и коммерческих дел. Проанализированы положения, регулирующие вопросы передачи судебных и внесудебных документов, представление доказательств, обеспечение требований, признание и исполнение судебных решений, правовую помощь в трансграничных делах и тому подобное. ; У статті аналізується інституційна система European Civil Procedure, наднаціонального законодавства Європейського Союзу у сфері цивільного процесу, основою якої є дві сучасні загальноєвропейські процедури з розгляду й вирішення окремих категорій цивільних і комерційних справ. Проаналізовано положення, що регулюють питання передачі судових і позасудових документів, подання доказів, забезпечення вимог, визнання й виконання судових рішень, правову допомогу в транскордонних справах тощо.

The author starts his reasoning from the appeal to historical tradition to which both France and Ukraine as European cultures belong each in its own way. He further analyzes the results of institutionalization which has today united in European Union 47 nations – from Lithuania to Ireland and from Switzerland to Malta. In conclusion the author makes an attempt to find out on which principles the cause of European nations integration may be continued with adaptation to new conditions. The author believes that in the present day sense to become the European means to become the organization member. He sees the history of Europe as the history of nation formation. In the author's opinion Europe can become the political integrity, if the nations populating it will take part in the discussion of these problems together. ; ***

The article is devoted to the definition of the role of the European Commission in the framework of ensuring competition in the European Union. The provisions of normative acts and scientific works are analyzed. The issue of antitrust activities of the European Commission is analyzed by analyzing concrete examples of the implementation of its powers. The author points out that among the important functions of the European Commission it is necessary to highlight the provision of competition, that is, to prevent abuses of dominant positions on the market by large industrial companies and to prohibit agreements between the parties that lead to restrictions of competition, production or market opportunities. The policy itself is based on the principles of maximizing the scope of the market mechanism and reducing interference in the economy. The author draws attention to the fact that ensuring the principle of protecting competition in the global market can only be achieved by effectively combating anti-competitive practices such as anticompetitive concerted actions or, as they are called throughout the world, conspiracies or cartels. After analyzing these legal provisions, the author came to the conclusion that the European Commission's competition policy is based on five basic principles: prohibited concerted practices, agreements and mergers between companies that could negatively affect trade between member states, prevent competition within to restrict or distort the common market; It is prohibited to take advantage of a dominant position on the market when it may adversely affect trade between Member States; control of state aid in member countries in any form that threatens free competition because it benefits individual enterprises or the production of individual goods; European-wide merger plans are assessed from the point of view of potential consequences for competition and may become banned; the liberalization of some sectors, which to date dominated the monopoly of certain public or private enterprises. ...

Problem setting. Security issues are importantfor contemporary international relations research, since security has been and remains one of the most important aspects in the functioning of international relations. Ensuring security is seen as an important task for both a state and the international community in the broad sense of the term, in particular for the EU. In today's context, the problem of information security of the individual, the state and the society is fundamentally relevant as it needs, primarily, a complex reflection, taking into account the realities of the present. In addition, continuous monitoring of the security situation in the information field, the ranking of threats by the degree of influence on national interests, the rational redistribution of forces and the means to neutralize threats are urgently needed. Recent research and publications analysis. Problems of European politics and defense are constantly in the center of attention of Western scientists, first of all Laura Chappell, David J. Galbreath, Jocelyn Mawdsley, Robert McCabe, Hugo Meijer, Deborah Sanders, Ian Speller, Marco Wyss, and others. In the Ukrainian literature, some solutions to this problem are found in Ya. Tymkiv's manual, in the encyclopedic dictionary-directory «Modern Political Vocabulary», in the Glossary of the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Information Security, articles by Yu. Bytyak and I. Yakovyuk, M. Dmytrenko, E. Nikipelova, O. Poshedin, O. Sosnin and O. Dzioban, M. Trebin which the author of the paper researches and identifies previously unsolved parts of the general problem the article is devoted to. Paper object: to analyze the term «security», to identify the place of security in the European security and defense policy, to characterize the peculiarities of the problem of the Euro-Atlantic security space formation. Paper main body. In the article, based on the conceptualization of the security problem in the aspect of international political issues, the definitions of the security by domestic and foreign ...

Purpose: highlighting the financial regulation of migration processes in Ukraine in context of European integration on the basis of analyzing their current state and trends according to the new Strategy of the State Migration Policy. Methodology: system structural approach, methods of observation and generalization, method of logical analysis, method of graphical analysis, method of comparison, method of abstraction, method of analogies. Results: on the basis of Ukraine-EU migration processes analysis and their regulation in European integration framework, the priorities of migration processes financial regulation are proposed corresponding the most urgent challenges for Ukraine in the sphere of international migration. Practical implications: further research of the problems of foreign economic activity financial regulation, particularly at the level of international economic relations in context of globalization and Ukraine's European integration; education process including preparation of the relevant sections of textbooks and manuals for the courses «Finance», «International Economics». Conclusions: the EU today is the most attractive region for Ukrainian migrants. In context of Ukraine's European integration in 2014-2017 there is a strong trend for migration flows towards emigration, mostly labour one. Ukrainian labor migration by its size and profile does not correspond to the national interests, as economically active population lives Ukraine for the EU. A threatening trend is the gradual transformation of labor migration into a permanent one. This requires developing an adequate system of measures for the regulation of migration processes within the framework of migration policy with its priority towards depopulation reducing. The financial regulation measures proposed, including liquidation of financial system imbalance in the country, attraction of direct investments into the economy, formation of investment resources in the social sphere, tax system reforming, inflation regulation, the financing of ...

The relevance of the research topic is unquestionable according to the importance of the "European migration crisis"/"European refugee crisis" in public and scientific discourses of the European Union and the world. However, according to our observations, existing studies a priori are based on the objective nature of the "European migration crisis"/"European refugee crisis" and almost do not take into consideration its subjective (discursive-cognitive) nature. Thus, the goal of our study is to clarify the impact of perceptions of the "European migration crisis"/"European refugee crisis" on the European integration project (European Union). The research topic is based on systemic and interdisciplinary approaches, as well as on discursive and cognitive approaches, the use of which, to a large extent, have disclosed the subjective nature of the "European migration crisis"/"European refugee crisis". In addition, a number of special scientific methods were used. In particular, descriptive and prognostic, sociological and content analysis, historicalgenetic and problem-chronological, etc. Finally, it has been found that the practical development of this problem depends, to a large extent, on how the "European migration crisis"/"European refugee crisis" is covered at the global, pan-European and national levels. Moreover, even the question of "correct" terminology (as well as the question of related accents and connotations) becomes a "battlefield" of competing discursive practices, through which various actors try to influence the decision-making processes. The campaign for the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union is indicative in this sense. At the same time, the problem of the European Union's unity, that was revealed and strengthened by the "European migration crisis"/"European refugee crisis" is not limited to the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union. It is correctly perceived as a "crisis of EU governance", a "crisis of EU solidarity" and so on. ; Актуальність дослідження не викликає ...

The relevance of the research topic is unquestionable according to the importance of the "European migration crisis"/"European refugee crisis" in public and scientific discourses of the European Union and the world. However, according to our observations, existing studies a priori are based on the objective nature of the "European migration crisis"/"European refugee crisis" and almost do not take into consideration its subjective (discursive-cognitive) nature. Thus, the goal of our study is to clarify the impact of perceptions of the "European migration crisis"/"European refugee crisis" on the European integration project (European Union). The research topic is based on systemic and interdisciplinary approaches, as well as on discursive and cognitive approaches, the use of which, to a large extent, have disclosed the subjective nature of the "European migration crisis"/"European refugee crisis". In addition, a number of special scientific methods were used. In particular, descriptive and prognostic, sociological and content analysis, historicalgenetic and problem-chronological, etc. Finally, it has been found that the practical development of this problem depends, to a large extent, on how the "European migration crisis"/"European refugee crisis" is covered at the global, pan-European and national levels. Moreover, even the question of "correct" terminology (as well as the question of related accents and connotations) becomes a "battlefield" of competing discursive practices, through which various actors try to influence the decision-making processes. The campaign for the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union is indicative in this sense. At the same time, the problem of the European Union's unity, that was revealed and strengthened by the "European migration crisis"/"European refugee crisis" is not limited to the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union. It is correctly perceived as a "crisis of EU governance", a "crisis of EU solidarity" and so on. ; Актуальність дослідження не викликає сумніву з огляду на те значення, яке займає «європейська міграційна криза»/«європейська криза біженців», в публічному та науковому дискурсах Європейського союзу та всього світу. Однак, за нашими спостереженнями, існуючі дослідження апріорі виходять з об'єктивного характеру «європейської міграційної кризи»/«європейської кризи біженців» і майже не розглядають її суб'єктивний (зокрема дискурсивно-когнітивний) характер. Отже метою нашого дослідження є розкриття впливу уявлень про «європейську міграційну кризу»/«європейську кризу біженців» на європейський інтеграційний проект (Європейський союз). В основі дослідження лежать системний і міждисциплінарний підходи, а також дискурсивний і когнітивний підходи, які значною мірою й дозволили розкрити суб'єктивний характер «європейської міграційної кризи»/«європейської кризи біженців». Крім того був застосований ряд спеціально-наукових методів, зокрема дескриптивний і прогностичний, соціологічний і контентаналіз, історико-генетичний і проблемно-хронологічний тощо. Нарешті було встановлено, що від того як «європейська міграційна криза»/«європейська криза біженців» висвітлюється на глобальному, загальноєвропейському та національному рівнях значною мірою й залежить розвиток цієї проблеми на практиці. Більше того, навіть питання «правильної» термінології (а також пов'язаних з нею акцентів і конотацій) стає «полем битви» конкуруючих дискурсивних практик, через які різні актори намагаються впливати на процес прийняття політичних рішень. Показовою в цьому сенсі можна вважати кампанію за вихід Сполученого Королівства з Європейського союзу. Водночас проблема єдності Європейського союзу, яку виявила та посилила «європейська міграційна криза»/«європейська криза біженців», одним лише виходом Сполученого королівства з Європейського союзу не обмежується. Вона, цілком виправданно, усвідомлюється багатьма й як «криза управління ЄС», й як «криза солідарності ЄС» тощо.

The article is devoted to the research of a topical and debatable issue regarding the basic aspects of the status of an employee in the European Union, which includes employment of citizens of the European Union and employment of third-country nationals who are not members of the European Union. Particular attention is paid to the issue of illegal labor migration in the European Union in the context of current and integration processes and their impact on the current economic situation in the EU. Every year, the phenomenon of labor migration becomes more relevant, because of the poor economic situation in many countries people are forced to seek employment in other countries and emigrate. But the conditions for such persons are different. For example, for emigrants from other countries of the European Union they will be more or less the same, while for emigrants from third countries they will be completely different. There are many conflicts and disputes and, also there is discrimination, which significantly inhibits the legal status of expatriate workers. Such workers face a lot of barriers with regard to their housing during the period of work, working conditions, salaries, moving their families with them, educating children, moving around the territory of the European Union, desire to stay in the future in the European Union. Most of the issues remain unresolved, which has a very negative effect on emigrant workers. The absence of the rule of law that would regulate this issue binds hands of such a category of people, restricts them in fundamental rights and freedoms, in actions and decisions, which is a direct violation. Nowadays the implementation of the legal status of migrant workers in the European Union is underdeveloped, imperfect, and not uniform for all countries. There is also no well-defined mechanism of legal regulation of labor migration in the works of scientists. So this issue requires a thorough analysis and search for solutions to this problem. In this article we will try to explore the ...

The article presents a comparative analysis of the structure of the land fund of European countries. The analysis of agricultural, forestry, housing and other types (types) of land use and land ownership of European countries in comparison with Ukraine. The condition and saturation of the infrastructural objects of the investigated territories are analyzed. The researches of the specific land use in EU countries significantly increased after Ukraine had elected the European Integration vector. Equally important is the issue of the research of effective land use for different economic purposes by European land users as the main basis of their economic activity. The analysis of the land-use condition and the experience of EU countries can be used as a vector of effective and rational land-use and it can be a guide in organization of effective land policy with further integration into European space. The works of domestic and foreign scientist were devoted to actual questions of study of the modern condition and prospective use of urbanized, natural and agricultural areas – they are D.S.Dobriak, C.N.Volkova, Y.F.Dehtiarenko, SH.I.Ibatullin, O.P.Kanash, M.G.Lyhoghrud, A.G.Martyn, Y.M.Paleha, A.M.Tretiak, V.M.Drughak, A.Y.Stupen', A.Smith, J.Keynes, V.Kristaller, P.Krugman, R.Lucas and others. At the same time the prospective of intensified land-use as the main spatial of production basis was not researched enough. Comparative characteristic of land-use structures is still actual, that gives an opportunity to assess the effectiveness оцінити ефективність and prospects for further use of land potential. Setting targets consists in identification of features and comparative assessment of the land state, natural landscape systems and areas with different levels of urbanization within countries of the European Union and Ukraine . Summarising the results of the research it leads to the following conclusions: • by analysing the structure of land-use in EU countries we find a significant heterogeneity in it's structure; • ...

The purpose of the article is to determine the nature and positions of the British government, political parties of Great Britain, EU member states, the British community and the world community regarding the future membership of the UK in the European Union.The following main tasks are set here: analysis of the vision of the future of the EU and the place of the UK in it by the EU, the British government, supporters and opponents of EU membership (in particular public opinion on this issue). The author emphasizes the UK's special place in the EU: it is one of the EU member states that is not part of the euro area; Like Ireland, she refused to join the Schengen area; Great Britain is one of the main opponents of the introduction of the European Prosecutor's Office; she has a special position in the budgetary sphere. Features of the Brussels summit of 2016 are considered. It is proved that as a result of the Brussels summit, Great Britain has received a special status that will allow its citizens to finally decide on a referendum on the future membership of the UK in the European Union. According to the Brussels agreement, London refused to participate in the policy of an "ever closer union", which was assumed by existing EU agreements. According to the reached compromises, London can not "be obliged to further political integration." Therefore, the paragraphs on the "ever closer union" in the European agreements will henceforth not affect the UK. The Brussels agreement on the special status of the UK in the EU provides for equal rights for the United Kingdom with other EU members, but smaller responsibilities, a signed agreement will come into effect if the British vote in favor of the EU in a referendum. If they oppose, then there will be no deal either, because the UK will withdraw from the EU. But citizens, giving their votes in a referendum, will know that they vote for staying in the EU with a special status. The author concludes that the secession of Great Britain for the EU will mean the loss of its authority, connections in the world and the beginning of theprocess of disintegration, and the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the EU can become the beginning of the end of this supranational organization. Therefore, in order to preserve the integrity of the EU, it is necessary to find answers to a set of challenges facing it. ; Метою статті є визначення характеру і позицій британського уряду, політичних партій Великобританії, країн-учасниць ЄС, британської спільноти та світової громадськості щодо майбутнього членства Великобританії в Євросоюзі. Тут поставлені такі основні завдання: аналіз бачення майбутнього ЄС та місця Великобританії в ньому з боку ЄС, уряду Великобританії, прихильників і противників перебування в ЄС (зокрема громадської думки з цього питання). Автор підкреслює особливе місце Великобританії в ЄС: вона є однією з дев'яти країн-членів ЄС, яка не входить до єврозони; поряд з Ірландією, вона відмовилася вступати до Шенгенської зони; Британія є одним із головних противників введення інституту Європейської прокуратури; їй властива особлива позиція в бюджетній сфері. Розглянуто особливості проведення брюссельського саміту 2016 р. Доведено, що у результаті брюссельського саміту Великобританія отримала особливий статус, який надасть можливість її громадянам остаточно визначитися на референдумі щодо майбутнього членства Великобританії в Євросоюзі. Згідно брюссельської угоди Лондон відмовився від участі в політиці "дедалі тіснішого союзу", яку передбачали наявні угоди щодо ЄС. Згідно з досягнутим компромісом, Лондон не можна "зобов'язувати до подальшої політичної інтеграції". Тож пункти щодо "дедалі тіснішого союзу" у європейських угодах віднині не стосуватимуться Великобританії. Брюссельська угода про особливий статус Великобританії в ЄС, передбачає рівні для Об'єднаного Королівства права з іншими членами ЄС, але менші обов'язки, підписана наперед угода вступить в силу, якщо на референдумібританці висловляться за ЄС. Якщо вони висловляться проти, то й угоди ніякої не буде, тому що Великобританія вийде з Євросоюзу. Але громадяни, віддаючи свої голоси на референдумі, вже будуть знати, що голосують за те, щоб залишитися в ЄС з особливим статусом. Авторка робить висновок,що сецесія Британії для ЄС означатиме втрату свого авторитету, зв'язків у світі і початок процесу розпаду, а вихід Сполученого королівства зі складу ЄС може стати початком кінця цієїнаднаціональної організації. Тому для збереження цілісності ЄС потрібно знайти відповіді на комплекс викликів, які постали перед ним.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the processes that form the basis of the European Bar, the study of the basics of legal regulation of European lawyers at the national and supranational levels to update the modern model of legal support of advocacy in Ukraine. Particular attention is paid to the need to transform domestic legal norms and bring them in line with European legal requirements for the legal profession. It is emphasized that the entire system of European Union law testifies to the autonomy of the legal profession, its independence and self-government. Emphasis is placed on the priority of guaranteeing the right to practice legal self-government. It has been found that the uniqueness of the EU lies in the fact that it includes states with specific legal systems. The European Bar is an important institution, the regulation of which is carried out at the national and supranational level of legal regulation. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the General Code of Rules for Advocates developed by the Council of Advocates and Law Societies of Europe. This code constitutes a system of rules that are decisive for bar associations. These rules are clearly correlated with the system of basic tasks performed by lawyers as members of a bar association. It has been found that the bar of the EU is a powerful self-governing organization with an extensive system of self-governing bodies. Such a system is able to ensure the effective operation of the legal profession, training of lawyers and advanced training, quality of legal services, adherence to legal ethics and corporate culture of lawyers, timely disciplinary action for violations in the professional activities of lawyers. It is noted that the system of bar self-government bodies of the European Union is quite heterogeneous. The primary level of self-governing institutions is formed depending on the judicial districts (districts of the Tribunals of the first instance). In many countries, membership of bar associations (chambers or orders of ...

In this paper the author discusses the European Union law as an autonomous legal order independent of international law (which is however part of that law, but stand-alone). The EU system of law named the acquis communautaire binds its members. European Union law consists of primary law and secondary law also called a derivative. In this paper the impact of the principle of primacy of EU law into national law of the Member States is presented, as well as the matter of State liability under EU law intended to ensure the full and effective protection of such a law. Scientific description analyzing finds support primarily in the case law of the ECJ, the Polish Constitutional Court, as well as the relevant provisions of Polish law and the European Union.The author stresses the importance of the accomplishment the obligations coming from memberships European Union. In fact, Member States are obliged to ensure that their citizens can apply EU law, but also the effectiveness of the that law in the area rights of the individual. However, the principle of the responsibility still remains problematic. The European Union has created the entire set of measures in order to ensure full and effective protection of aimed at the protection of EU citizens, which is also capable by institution liability of a Member State for breach of EU law. Procedure of breach by a Member State its obligations is governed by art. 258 -260 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The essay discusses closely the procedure that applies to the situation of committing breaches of the obligations that the Member States under the treaties. In that cases, the breach by a Member State its obligations arising from EU membership and provided by the law of the European Union, may lead to the initiation of proceedings by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). ; Застосування права Європейського Союзу державами-членами ЄС породило багато проблем. Особливо викликає спори принцип пріоритетного права Європейського Союзу. Законодавство Європейського Союзу, визначене як acquis communautaire, для держав-членів ЄС є обов'язковим. Законодавство Європейського Союзу є автономним порядком, який не залежить від національного права (є частиною цього права, але автономною).