Suchergebnisse

The accession of ten new members to the European Union on May 1st 2004 was among the most significant developments in the history of European integration. Based upon studies conducted by the European Forecasting Network, this 2006 book analysed key aspects of the impact of this enlargement with reference to eight of the ten new Member States, namely the Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs). It demonstrated that the enlargement had the potential to create profound consequences for both the new Member States and the pre-accession members of the Union, given the unparalleled magnitude of the enlargement, the fact that the CEECs had levels of prosperity and economic development well below the Union average, and their history of participation in centrally planned regimes. The contributions examined regional policy, the debate about accession to the EMU, the macroeconomic trajectories of the Central and Eastern European economies and their likely development

In 2004 the European Union and NATO each added ten new member states, most from the post-communist countries of Eastern and Central Europe. In order to prepare for membership, these countries had to make many thousands of institutional and legal adjustments. Indeed, they often tried to modernize in just a few years, implementing practices that evolved over many decades in Western Europe. This book emphasizes the way that policy elites in Central and Eastern Europe often 'ordered from the menu' of established Western practices. When did this emulation of Western practices succeed and when did it result in a fiasco? Professor Jacoby examines empirical cases in agriculture, regional policy, consumer protection, health care, civilian control of the military, and military professionalism from Hungary, the Czech Republic, Poland, Bulgaria, and the Ukraine. The book addresses debates in institutionalist theory, including conditionality, Europeanization, and external influences on democratic and market transitions.

This article analyses the influence and status of the Central and Eastern European states within an enlarged European Union. It analyses two European Union policy negotiations: the Services Directive and the European Union's Financial Crisis Rescue Plan. Central to understanding the influence of a member state within negotiations are its economic size and knowledge of the Brussels policy-making apparatus. Nevertheless, as the new member states from Central and Eastern Europe have gained experience of the European Union policy negotiation process, they remain limited in their ability to influence outcomes. Therefore it can be concluded that while knowledge during negotiations is a necessary condition for successfully influencing outcome, alone it is insufficient because economic weight is particularly pertinent to those outcomes. As a result, the status of the new member states within the European Union is best described as being that of a junior partner, despite the assumed parity of Union membership. Adapted from the source document.

In memoriam Nicky Owtram ; In 2004 and 2007, the European Union (EU) completed its Eastern enlargement, the largest intake of new member states in its history. EU accession also constituted a watershed in the history of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). In the course of enlargement, these countries have undergone pervasive "Europeanization" – a process of EU-driven change of their political and economic systems. Contributions to this special issue focus on the major questions for this collection: How has the Europeanization of CEE changed after accession, and how has it played out in the politics and the economies of the region? In this introductory paper, we provide a conceptual and theoretical framework for these contributions and give an overview of their findings. The conceptual and theoretical section introduces the concept of Europeanization and reflects on the changing nature of Europeanization after Eastern enlargement. We argue that the conceptual conflation of Europeanization as process and outcome, which was defensible in the CEE accession period, needs to be reconsidered. After the 2005 enlargement, domestic factors and alternative international influences have gained in importance vis-à-vis EU-driven policy change. Consequently, gaps between Europeanization as policy diffusion and Europeanization as actual policy convergence are likely to increase and need to be theorized. Moreover, the theorization of mechanisms of Europeanization needs to be moved beyond the original focus on conditionality – and top-down, direct mechanisms more generally. After the accession period, and in the areas of political and economic Europeanization, indirect, horizontal and bottom-up mechanisms of Europeanization have gained in relevance. ; -- Biographies 1; -- Acknowledgments 4; -- Foreword 5; -- Europeanization Revisited: An Introduction , Tomasz P. Wozniakowski, Frank Schimmelfennig and Michal Matlak 6; -- The Europeanization of Eastern Europe: the External Incentives Model Revisited, Frank Schimmelfennig and Ulrich Sedelmeier 19; -- New Ways of Influence: 'Horizontal' Europeanization in Southeast Europe, Graeme Crouch 38; -- Europeanization in New Member States: Effects on Domestic Political Structures, Flavia Jurje 55; -- Against Overemphasizing Enforcement in the Current Crisis EU Law and the Rule of Law in the (New) Member States, Dimitry Kochenov and Petra Bárd 72; -- From static to dynamic Europeanization: The case of Central and Eastern European developmental strategies, Dorothee Bohle and Wade Jacoby 90; -- Implementing EU cohesion policy in the Eastern member states: quality of government balancing between equity and efficiency, Gergo Medve-Bálint 108; -- Europeanizing development: EU integration and developmental state capacities in Eastern Europe, Visnja Vukov 127; -- Europeanization and Euro Adoption, Amy Verdun 143;