Suchergebnisse

The field of network exchange has grown over the last 20 years from a few scattered studies to substantial publications in leading journals. Today network exchange is as advanced as any area of sociology. Willer and his contributors present its most advanced theory, Network Exchange Theory, and, by assembling and supplementing formulations now spread across leading journals, provide scholars with a unique collection.||Contributors examine basic issues in theory as well as research. The end product is a well-tested theory which relates social structure to social action under a wide range of con

A detailed exposition & critique of the explanatory arguments & hyp's made in G. C. Homans' SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR: ITS ELEMENTARY FORMS (1961) & P. M. Blau's, EXCHANGE AND POWER IN SOCIAL LIFE (1964) & in evaluation of their forerunners & subsequent developments. IPSA.

AbstractDepicting social behavior as a kind of exchange has deep historical roots. Although many social science disciplines have used exchange models, students of international relations have been slow to apply such models to their subject. Many topics of interest to international relations scholars could be usefully treated by way of social exchange theory. Such topics include resource allocation, power, burden-sharing, foreign aid, dependency, institutions, and bargaining. The potential contribution of the exchange perspective to understanding of these topics has yet to be realized.

"Noch vor einer Generation war der Begriff der Organisation gleichbedeutend mit Statik, Verläßlichkeit, Hierarchie und disziplinierter Produktivität. Die neuen Leitbegriffe der Managementpraxis lauten dagegen Dynamik, Flexibilität, Team und emanzipierte Interaktivität. 'Netzwerk' lautet die Parole der Organisationstheorie, die das neue Leitbild des Organisierens erfassen soll. Hier wird vorgeschlagen, Netzwerke als soziales Kapital der Individuen wie der Organisation zu interpretieren. Theoretisch und empirisch werden Kommunikationsnetze gleichgestellter Organisationsmitglieder analysiert. Die lateralen Kommunikationsbeziehungen interessieren als exemplarisches Erkenntnisobjekt zur Erprobung einer bestimmten thematischen Sichtweise - der sozio-ökonomischen Tauschtheorie - in Verbindung mit einem spezifischen methodischen Instrument - der sozialen Netzwerkanalyse." (Autorenreferat)

AbstractAn exchange perspective places the study of international relations in a framework of negotiation. Central to this perspective are issues of equivalence (fairness) and contingency (responsiveness). The challenge for international actors is to define a precise medium for exchange. The more precise the medium, the less likely actors will misperceive each other's moves. But, the more precise the medium (as in quid-pro-quos) the less likely will actors explore their relationships. The function of exchange processes for regulating relationships is contrasted to problem-solving processes that can lead to changed (and improved) relationships. These issues are discussed in relation to the articles in this issue. Among the themes emphasized by the authors are the idea of calculating actors, the universality of the reciprocity norm, and alternative conceptions of exchange processes. Several conceptual and operational dilemmas for exchange analysis are discussed followed by an agenda of twelve topics for further research.