Suchergebnisse

Introduction to Eye Tracking in Tourism -- Eye tracking methods, concepts and applications -- A review of eye-tracking methods in tourism research -- Best practice for eye-tracking studies: DOs and DON'Ts -- Eye-tracking: Evaluation, potential, and limitations of field applications -- Knowledge Co-Creation through Eye Tracking in Tourism -- Eye tracking research and case studies -- The Relevance of Eye-Tracking to Understand Users' Practices and Content Interpretation in Tourism-related Online Navigation -- Areas of Interest on Destination Websites: A Generation Y's Perspective -- Measurement of visual attention to advertising using eye-tracking techniques -- User Experience Improvement for Online Travel Agencies through Eye-tracking – the Onlineweg.de Case Study -- Areas of interest for a CSR certificate on touristic websites: An eye tracking experiment using the example of TourCert -- Acquiring sustainability information in holiday travel -- The museum learning experience through the visitors' eyes: An eye tracking exploration of the physical context -- Using Mobile Eye-Tracking to Inform the Development of nature tourism Destinations in Iceland -- Viewing behaviour and task performance on Austrian destination websites: Comparing Generation Y and the Baby Boomers.

Det politiske mål om maksimalt 120 dræbte i trafikken i 2020 ser ikke ud til at blive indfriet, og en stor delaf trafikulykkerne skyldes helt eller delvis manglende opmærksomhed. Dette antages ikke mindst at foregåifm. brug af spejle mv., under specielt svingningsmanøvrer. Der er antagelig brug for nye metoder til atopnå større viden om trafikulykker for at forebygge dem. Derfor er det undersøgt, om Eye Tracking teknologienkan anvendes i forbindelse med ulykkesbekæmpelse. Det er sket i et pilotprojekt, som tog udgangspunkti et studie, hvor otte forsøgspersoner bar Eye Tracking udstyr, imens de gennemkørte en rute i Aalborg,for at undersøge brug af spejle og lignende. Ruten inkluderede to sorte pletter. Det blev undersøgt,hvordan forsøgspersonerne orienterer sig igennem de sorte pletter, og resultaterne blev sammenholdtmed optegningen af ulykkerne i Vejman. Igennem analyse af det indsamlet data, blev fire potentieller ulykkestyperfundet. To af ulykkestyperne var sammenlignelige og var allerede af finde i de optegnede ulykker iVejman, og to nye potentieller ulykkestyper blev fundet. Disse to potentieller ulykkestyper, er ulykkestyperne,der ikke er registreret, men resultaterne fra Eye Tracking studiet viser generelt manglende orienteringeni trafikken. Eye Tracking teknologien kan derved bidrage med ny viden, som kan anvendes i en meremålrettet ulykkesbekæmpelse.

What happens in the mind when we translate? And how does our mother tongue influence our speaking, writing, thinking and translating? In the answer to one question lies the resolution of the other. KyeongHwa Lee has explored both questions using eye tracking, writing process analysis, and a survey of study participants. She can prove that people of different native languages store and process the information of a sentence in different ways. The syntactic structure and the information structure of their respective native language obviously play a decisive role. They influence how we understand texts, how we speak and write, and how we translate from one language to another. Similar sentence structure of working languages apparently facilitates the language transfer process. But the influence of the mother tongue goes far beyond that: it also shapes our thinking.

Eye tracking is a technology that tracks eye activity including how long and where a participant is looking. As eye tracking technology has improved and become more affordable its use has expanded. We discuss how to design, implement, and analyze an experiment using this technology to study economic theory. Using our experience fielding an experiment to study hiring decisions we guide the reader through how to choose an eye tracker, concerns with participants and set-up, types of outputs, limitations of eye tracking, data management and data analysis. We conclude with suggestions for combining eye tracking with other measurements.

Usability studies provide essential information about users' views and perceptions of efficiency, effectiveness and satisfaction of given online services. Nowadays, e-government web sites become popular. Therefore, there is a need for usability testing to specify the usability problems and to make the services of the e-government more usable. The purpose of this study is to investigate usability of some Turkish e-government services. The study examined usability of five Turkish e-government web sites: Ministry of National Education – Student Information System (eokul), Ministry of Justice – National Judicial Network Project (UYAP), Turkish National Police: Vehicle Search System, Social Security Institute: Service Details and General Directorate of Land Registry and Cadastre. It was conducted with nine participants. This study is a case study with mixed design methodology, in which both quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed and combined. Quantitative data were collected through an eye-tracker, a pre-test questionnaire of participants' demographics and previous utilization of egovernment web sites and a post-test questionnaire. Qualitative data were collected through both semi-structured individual interviews and observation during test. The study results identify the usability problems encountered while using government services. The study concludes with specific recommendations for improvement of e-government services in Turkey.

Cognitive pretesting is generally considered to be indispensable for the successful development of new survey questions, and hence for the quality of the data obtained by the survey. Supplementing cognitive interviewing with the method of eye tracking offers the possibility to observe eye movements of respondents in real-time providing additional information about cognitive processes of respondents. Research suggests that combining both methods helps to identify additional problems with questions that would remain undetected if only one method was applied. This contribution provides an introduction to cognitive interviewing in combination with eye tracking. The following questions are addressed: What is the rationale behind combining cognitive interviewing and eye tracking? How should eye tracking be implemented into cognitive interviewing? How can eye-tracking data be used and analyzed in the context of cognitive pretesting?

Introduction: The blackest and whitest of swans / Tessa Dwyer, Claire Perkins, Sean Redmond, Jodi Sita -- Section 1: Seeing the eye -- In order to see, you must look away: thinking about the eye / William Brown, University of Roehampton, London, UK -- Invisible rhythms: tracking aesthetic perception in film and the visual arts / Paul Atkinson, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia -- The development of eye tracking in empirical research on subtitling and captioning: from individual measures to constructs of visual attention, cognitive load, and psychological immersion / Stephen Doherty, University of New South Wales, Jan-Louis Kruger, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia -- Into the film with music: measuring eyeblinks to explore the role of film music for emotional arousal and narrative transportation / Ann-Kristin Wallengren and Alexander Strukelj, Lund University, Sweden -- Looking at sound: sound design and the audiovisual influences on gaze / Jonathan P. Batten and Tim J. Smith, Birkbeck, University of London, UK -- Passing time: eye tracking slow cinema / Tessa Dwyer and Claire Perkins, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia -- Section 2: The eye seeing -- Shaping abstractions: eye tracking experimental film / Sean Redmond, Deakin, Jodi Sita, ACU, Melbourne, Australia -- Audiences as detectives: eye tracking and problem solving in screen mysteries / Jared Orth, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia -- Discordant faces, duplicitous feelings: the eye's affective lures of drive / Laura Henderson, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia -- Using eye tracking and Raiders of the lost ark (1981) to investigate stardom / Sarah Thomas, Aberystwyth University, UK, Adam Qureshi and Amy Bell, Edge Hill University, UK -- A proposed workflow for the creation of integrated titles based on eye tracking data / Wendy Fox, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany -- Eye-tracking, subtitling and accessible filmmaking / Pablo Romero-Fresco, University of Roehampton, London, UK

AbstractDynamic visual media has increasingly become an integral part of our everyday lives. Film is the best carrier to explore dynamic media. How to attract audiences' attention and improve their experience has always been a core concern. Whether emotional state influence visual attention is still an issue to be discussed. In the present study, we combined two methods, eye tracking methodology and a standardized questionnaire, to explore how audiences' emotional state influences visual attention during film viewing. The results showed that the audiences have fixation synchrony most of the time during film viewing and pre-negative affect and pre-positive affect significantly influenced visual attention during film viewing. Our research provides a broader perspective for understanding film cognition and film experience.