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Families in Disaster research has drawn heavily from the family stress and crises research paradigms and concepts advanced by Reuben Hill's ABC-X Model and by related research. This article attempts to broaden the perspective of family behavior in disaster situations by advancing additional concepts, definitions and propositions. Findings from longitudinal research on American families faced with the historically unique traumatic situation of having a husband/father held captive or unaccounted for in the Vietnam War were analyzed first in reference to the ABC-X Model, which suggested the need to expand this classic model. This article introduces the Double ABC-X Model in an effort to capture the dynamic nature of family response to stress over time. This expanded model includes: AA-the family's pile up of life events and stressors over time; BB-the family's resources which are strenghened or developed within and in transaction with the community and include coping and social support; CC-the family's perception of the stressor and related changes in the family; and XX-the additional end state of family adaptation following a crisis. This model merits careful consideration and additional testing in light of stress and disaster studies reviewed and propositions advanced during the past decade.

A family residential camp program, a temporary system for change, is used to alter family behavior patterns and to provide skills that can be used on return home

A SE DECISION MODEL BASED UPON AN HYPOTHESIS OF M DOMINANCE IN THE LABOR SUPPLY DECISION IN THE FAMILY WAS EMPIRICALLY TESTED USING THE 1966-67 SURVEY OF ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY DATA ON HOUSEHOLDS CONDUCTED BY THE BUREAU OF THE CENSUS. INDIRECT EVIDENCE FROM LABOR SUPPLY FUNCTIONS DOES NOT SUPPORT THE IDEA OF A M DOMINATED FAMILY DECISION MAKING PROCESS. THE HYPOTHESIS IS REFUTED ONLY FOR COUPLES WHERE BOTH PARTNERS WORKED IN 1967. AN APPARENT ATTACHMENT TO THE ROLE OF 'BREAD WINNER' DID EMERGE; A M WHO WORKS LONG HOURS TO PRODUCE HIGH INCOME WILL NOT FEEL THREATENED BY A WIFE WORKING LONG HOURS TO PRODUCE LESS INCOME. OTHER SOCIOLOGICAL VARIABLES, IE, UR RESIDENCY, PRIMARY & SECONDARY DISABILITIES, GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION, ETC, ALSO INFLUENCED ECONOMIC CHOICE IN THE FAMILY LABOR SUPPLY. MORE RESEARCH OF AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO SOCIOLOGY & ECONOMICS IS NEEDED AS BENEFIT TO BOTH. 2 TABLES. T. BABITSKY.

The multiproblem Hispanic family presents a special challenge to the mental health clinician. Underorganization often typifies family functioning in this client group. Family therapy can effectively resolve this underorganization if the clinician incorporates into treatment an understanding of Hispanic values and family structure.