Suchergebnisse

This dissertation aims to understand why protests lessen when they do by investigating how and why social movements demobilize. I do this by questioning the causal link between consistent state polices (concessions or repression) and social movement demobilization. My interviews with the February 20 Movement, the main organizer of mass protests in Morocco during the Arab Spring, reveals how ideological differences between leftist and Islamist participants led to the group's eventual halt of protests. During my fieldwork, I conducted 46 semi-structured elite interviews with civil society activists, political party leaders, MPs, and independent activists throughout Morocco. My interviews demonstrate that the February 20 Movement was initially united, but that this incrementally changed following the King's mixed-policy of concessions and repression. The King's concessionary policies convinced society that demands were being met and therefore led to the perception that the February 20 Movement was no longer needed, while repression highlighted internal divides. The King's calculated mixed-policy approach killed this social movement by delegitimizing it, in addition to internally fracturing it. This dissertation will show how the February 20 Movement became a divided movement that could not uniformly respond to a series of concessions and repression.

Abstract
This paper analyzes the dynamics that led to the failure of the Moroccan protest "February 20" movement. It explains how the failure is due to its internal ideological divergences and external elements. At the internal level, the "February 20" missed an excellent opportunity to constitute itself as a historical bloc as recommended by the Moroccan philosopher Mohamed Abed Al-Jabri. Largely polarized between leftist ideology and the Islamist movement. The internal ideological quarrels of the movement contributed to its subsequent failure. At the external level, faced with the central Moroccan power, the "Makhzen", leading the political game, as well as the Machiavellianism of Moroccan political actors, the "February 20" movement found itself in the rejected category. He was abandoned by those who were themselves the defenders of his own ideas, before changing sides and approaching the political power and became a blessed category.

Based on an analysis of the stories of engagement of young activists who took part in the 20 February Movement in Morocco, this contribution explores the process of individual transformation that occurred during the experience of activism. We use the concept of political subjectivation to discuss the succession of moments of rupture and re-semanticisation, the new ethical configurations generated by the experience of activism and their long-term consequences. This contribution is part of an ethnographic study that has accompanied the evolution of the protests from 2011, carried out by the two authors first independently and, from 2017, within the framework of the 'Globally Sensitive: Revolt, Citizenship, and Expectations for the Future in North Africa' project. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

La Primavera Árabe logró una visibilidad inusual a lo largo de 2011 para la mayoría de los países del Magreb y de Oriente Próximo. En Marruecos, el movimiento se conoció como "Jóvenes del 20 de febrero". Se propone aquí el análisis de las prácticas audiovisuales durante el Movimiento 20F en su poder de convocatoria, en el activismo, en la expresión de las demandas, y también como instrumento de denuncia o en la acción política. Se trata de contribuir al estudio de la visibilidad de movimientos sociales a partir de la producción audiovisual, de vídeos capturados con móviles, desde la apropiación social del espacio comunicativo ; The Arab Spring got an unusual visibility throughout 2011 in most of the Maghreb and the Middle East countries. In Morocco, the movement was known as "Youth of February 20". Here it is proposed the analysis of audiovisual practices during the 20F Movement, its convening power, its activism, its expression of the demands, as well as its character of instrument of denunciation or in political action. This study aims to contribute to the visibility of social movements from its video productions, from mobile videos captured and from the social appropriation of communicative space