Suchergebnisse

Executive Council Thirty-Fourth Ordinary Session 7 – 8 February 2019 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ; As a result of protracted armed conflict, Somalia remains as one of Sub-Saharan Africa's most underdeveloped county. Following the collapse of the central government in 1991, the country has been plagued with violent conflict and insurgency, extreme and widespread poverty, acute food shortage, and political instability, economic underdevelopment, and recurring natural disasters such as droughts and floods. Somalis to date lack: essential healthcare, education, food security, safe drinking water, hygiene and adequate sanitation, and have very limited employment and livelihood opportunities. The Federal Government of Somalia (FGS) and sub national tiers of government have meagre resources to meet the country's pressing needs.

Intro -- الفصل الأول : توزيع الاختصاصات في النظم الفدرالية العالمية ومناهج الدساتير في تنظيم علاقة الاعضاء بالاتحاد -- الفصل الثاني : العوامل المؤثرة في تنظيم العلاقة بين السلطة المركزية وسلطات الأقاليم في النظام الفدرالي -- الفصل الثالث : ضمانات توازن العلاقة بين مستويي الحكم في النظم الفدرالية -- الفصل الرابع : التنظيم الفدرالي في العراق -- الخاتمة -- المصادر -- Abstract -- فهرس الكتاب

Preface by the German Federal Cultural Foundation = Grusswort der Kulturstiftung des Bundes / Hortensia Völkers, Alexander Farenholtz -- Preface by the Goethe-Institut Cairo = Grusswort des Goethe-Instituts Kairo / Gabriele Becker, Günther Hasenkamp -- Intervening images : towards a mapping of a revolution in pictures = Intervenierende Bilder : für eine Kartografie der Aufnahmen einer Revolution / Florian Ebner, Constanze Wicke -- 2011 is not 1968 : an open letter to an onlooker = 2011 ist nicht 1968 : offener Brief an einen Zuschauer / Philip Rizk -- When seeing is belonging : the photography of Tahrir = Wenn sehen heisst dazuzugehören : die Bilder vom Tahrir-Platz / Lara Baladi -- From a certain distance : works by artists reflecting or anticipating the political changes = Aus einer bestimmten Distanz : Künstlerische Arbeiten, die den politischen Wandel reflektieren oder vorwegnehmen -- Statements and biographies = Kommentare und Biografien -- Collection of material and analysis : headlines, testimonies, tweets, Flickr and Facebook albums, graffiti = Materialsammlung und Analysen : Schlagzeilen, Zeugenberichte, Twitternachrichten, Flickr- und Facebook-Alben, Graffiti

The Lebanon Economic Monitor provides an update on key economic developments and policies over the past six months. It also presents findings from recent World Bank work on Lebanon. It places them in a longer-term and global context, and assesses the implications of these developments and other changes in policy on the outlook for Lebanon. Its coverage ranges from the macro-economy to financial markets to indicators of human welfare and development. It is intended for a wide audience, including policy makers, business leaders, financial market participants, and the community of analysts and professionals engaged in Lebanon.

The geo-economy presents Lebanon with challenges associated with being a nexus for regional fault lines and risks from its dependence on capital inflows. Despite markedly improved security conditions since the start of 2015, anxiety over regional turmoil and potential spillover effectspersist. All the while, Lebanon continues to be, by far, the largest host of Syrian refugees (in proportion to the population). In addition, the economy's dependence on its diaspora to finance internal and external imbalances exposes Lebanon to economic and political conditions beyond its influence. Despite these challenges and risks, the political process remains impaired with the vacant presidency completing its second year with uncertain prospects of a near-term resolution. On the other hand, a short-term solution has been found to the garbage crisis that has left piles of trash uncollected on the streets across the country since summer 2015. The Lebanon Economic Monitor provides an update on key economic developments and policies over the past six months. It also presents findings from recent World Bank work on Lebanon. It places them in a longer-term and global context, and assesses the implications of these developments and other changes in policy on the outlook for Lebanon. Its coverage ranges from the macro-economy to financial markets to indicators of human welfare and development.

The Lebanon Economic Monitor provides an update on key economic developments and policies over the past six months. It also presents findings from recent World Bank work on Lebanon. It places them in a longer-term and global context, and assesses the implications of these developments and other changes in policy on the outlook for Lebanon. Lebanon continues to be impacted by the domestic political stalemate and regional turmoil, particularly along its border with Syria. Economic activity picked up in the second half of 2014. Stronger economic performance and lower oil prices pushed real GDP growth to an estimated 2.0 percent in 2014, compared to 0.9 percent in 2013. One-off cosmetic and unsustainable measures rather than policy actions helped improve the fiscal balance in 2014. We estimate the overall fiscal deficit to have declined by 2.3 percentage points. Declining imports lead an improvement in the current account balance. In 2014, a fall in merchandize imports induced a 4.4 pp reduction in the current account deficit to a still-elevated 22.2 percent of GDP. This trend is projected to continue in 2015 helped by falling oil prices and a depreciating euro, Headline inflation plummeted from 2.7 percent in 2013 to 1.9 percent in 2014 and is expected to remain tempered over the medium term. Lebanon s economy continues to be exposed to external shocks. The border with Syria is increasingly menacing as coordinated attacks by ISIS and Al Nusra are being launched more frequently from their bases in Syria. Inefficiencies in power generation impose sizable macroeconomic costs on Lebanon. The Lebanese electricity sector has been underperforming for decades with considerable socio-economic costs. The macroeconomic impact has been massive.