Suchergebnisse

The aim is to offer an overview in queer theory designed for political scientists. First of all queer theory is placed in a context of feminist studies, gay and lesbian studies, the discursive turn in social science, postmodern approaches to identity, postcolonial theory and Foucault's ideas of power. Then I highlight the political theorist Shane Phelan and her considerations in citizenship. Taking a critical stance against the Modern use of binaries, Phelan argues that acknowledgement of strangeness/strangers should be given priority in ethical aspects of citizenship. In the third section I refer to Butler's theories about gender performativity and the heterosexual matrix, Sedgwick's approach to the concept of homosexuality as well as Rubin's theory about sexual hierarchies. Finally queer theory is neither antifeminist nor profeminist. Yet this theory may support feminist goals. Adapted from the source document.

Este artigo aborda, em primeiro lugar, a narrativa de Stuart Hall sobre as contribuições do feminismo para a formação dos estudos culturais. Em segundo, trata do desenvolvimento da crítica feminista no âmbito dos estudos culturais, sobretudo ingleses. Nessa trajetória, resgata as ideias de Hall sobre a problemática da(s) identidade(s). Essa dimensão de sua obra constitui a terceira via explorada, tema também relevante na produção teórica feminista. Sinaliza, ainda, encontros e desencontros desses desdobramentos no contexto nacional. Por fim, conclui que o tema merece uma análise em profundidade, sobretudo porque a questão da identidade ocupa lugar central na mesa da prática política e da teoria feminista atual. ; This article firstly addresses Stuart Hall's account of the contributions of feminism to the formation of cultural studies. Secondly, it deals with the development of feminist criticism in the context of cultural studies, especially in England. Following this line, it retrieves Hall's ideas on the problematic of identity(ies). This dimension of his work is the third approach to be explored, a subject also relevant in feminist theoretical production. The paper additionally points out matches and mismatches of such developments in the Brazilian context. Finally, it concludes that the theme deserves in-depth analysis, especially as the topic of identity plays a central role in current political practice and feminist theory.

Recognition is a normative concept. By recognizing someone as having certain characteristics or capabilities, we recognize their normative status and we are taking responsibility for treating them in a certain way. Non-recognition, in this case, can mean deprivation of rights and marginalization; in a democracy may preclude individuals or groups from enjoying the democratic egalitarian ideal, for example. Over the past three decades, reflection on this category has deepened and taken on greater importance in the debate between liberalism and communitarianism parallel to the demands, sometimes for the achievements, of groups and minorities (LGBTQIA, people with special needs, feminist, indigenous, ethnic, etc.) who feel unrecognized and engage in political movements through struggles for recognition. We will return here to the development of Axel Honneth's concept of "ethical life" in 'Struggle for Recognition' (1992), a fundamental work for reflection on the theme. The author places his theory in the middle between Kantian morality and communitarian ethics: his conception is formal for he understands that universal norms are conditions of some possibilities, but they are substantive for they are guided by the end of human self-realization.

The article discusses how Judith Butler's theory of gender, mainly based on what the author called metaphysics of substance, operates a desontologization of sex-gender experiences. For this, it exposes how Butler operates the desontologization of the gendered subject, through her feminist critique of the idea of ​​subject conceived from the mark of sexual difference. Later, it dedicates to what Butler called the "metaphysics of substance", seen as what sustains, within the framework of the binary sex-gender system, the idea of ​​natural difference of bodies, a moment in which the author resorts to the genealogy of morals developed by Nietzsche to justify her genealogy of gender and bodies, seeing these as inseparable, which is why she concludes that, in the manner of gender, the production of bodies occurs in a performative way through contextualized recitations that establish the boundaries of human intelligibility and that, therefore, it is subject to transformation.

El post-estructuralismo esgrimió una de las principales críticas a la modernidad basándose en el concepto de de-construcción de Jacques Derridá, mediante el cuál cuestionó la racionalidad occidental binaria y etnocéntrica. A su vez, las teorías feministas trabajaron en la de-construcción de la categoría mujer. Sin embargo, consideramos que han sido las nuevas corrientes feministas las que, incorporando la operación de-constructiva, han renovado las líneas teóricas en relación con la especificidad de su objeto de estudio y con sus posicionamientos políticos. Palabras clave: feminismo; post-estructuralismo; de-construcción; subjetividad; género Feminismo filosófico e pensamento pós-estruturalista: teorias e reflexões a respeito das noções de sujeito e identidade feminina O pós-estruturalismo estabeleceu uma das principais críticas à modernidade apoiando-se no conceito de desconstrução de Jacques Derrida, mediante o qual questionou a racionalidade ocidental binária e etnocêntrica. Por sua vez, as teorias feministas trabalharam na desconstrução da categoria mulher. Entretanto, consideramos que foram as novas correntes feministas as que, incorporando a operação desconstrutiva, renovaram as linhas teóricas em relação à especificidade de seu objeto de estudo e aos seus posicionamentos políticos. Palavras-chave: feminismo; pós-estruturalismo; desconstrução; subjetividade; gênero Philosophical Feminism and Post-structuralist thought: theories and reflections on the notions of female subject and identity Post-structuralism wielded one of the main critiques of Modernity, based on Jacques Derrida's concept of deconstruction, which questions the binarism and ethnocentrism of Western rationality. Feminist theories also worked on the deconstruction of 'woman' as a category. Nevertheless, we argue that, by incorporating the deconstructive operation, new feminist trends have renewed theory in relation to the specificity of their object of study and political stances. Keywords: Feminism; Post-structuralism; Deconstruction; Subjectivity; Gender