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Banking on Growth Models contends that China's rapid economic rise from the late 1970s to today has been built on and shaped by a highly politicized and inefficient bank-centric financial system. Stephen Bell and Hui Feng argue that if the Chinese growth model drives how key economic sectors interact, no amount of incremental reform can have much impact on the financial system—meaningful reform can stem only from a revised growth model.For a time after the global financial crisis, it appeared that the expansion of a more market-oriented shadow banking system might help sustain China's economic growth. Since around 2015, however, Xi Jinping's regime has reversed this trajectory and placed China's financial system under heavy state control, resulting in slowed economic development and skyrocketing national debt. China's market transition and economic rebalancing are now in doubt, as is the fate of the nation's economy. By pinpointing finance as a vital element of the growth model, Bell and Feng provide a convincing assessment of financial risks and the prospects for economic rebalancing in China.Banking on Growth Models demystifies the world of Chinese banking and finance as it investigates an ever-rising national debt, a declining rate of economic growth, and the possibility of dire and drastic reform by the Asian superpower's government

Acknowledgements -- List of Maps and Images -- 1 Introduction: Violent State Formation and Accumulation in Mexico -- 1 Locating Criminality, Illegality and Violence in Mexico -- 2 Violence, Criminal Groups, and the State -- 3 Violent Spatialities of State Formation and Uneven Development -- 4 Lived Experience as Fieldwork -- 5 Structure of the Book -- 2 Economies and Politics of (Il)Legality, 1950-2012 -- 1 Law, Order, and Uneven Development under ISI -- 2 Neoliberal Prohibitions and Transgressions after 1980 -- 3 Governance, Neoliberal Consolidation, and Ambiguity after 2000 -- 4 Conclusion -- 3 The (Il)Legal Space of Global Trade and Finance -- 1 (Il)Legal Dispossession -- 2 Uneven Development, Finance, and Money Laundering -- 3 Law and Geographies of Power -- 4 Conclusion -- 4 Urban (Dis)Orders -- 1 The Politics of Silence and the Routinization of Fear -- 2 Spaces of (Il)Legality and Landscapes of Fear -- 3 Undemocratic Infrastructure -- 4 Conclusion -- 5 Uneven Development and Politics of (In)Difference -- 1 Unevenness and the Production of (In)Difference -- 2 State Power, Criminal Groups and Accumulation through the 'Illegal' Other -- 3 Conclusion -- 6 Social Space, Law, and Everyday Forms of Resistance -- 1 Streets of Hope -- 2 Places of Terror and Human Rights as Labor Rights -- 3 Structured Coherence, Collective Bargaining and Transcripts of Labor -- 4 Conclusion -- 7 Conclusion: Geographies of State, Accumulation, and the Law -- References -- Index.

Cover -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Mozambican electricity sector -- 2.1. Basics of the Mozambican electricity sector -- 2.2. Generation of electricity -- 2.3. Transmission and distribution -- 3. Potentials of smart energy for Mozambique´s electricity sector -- 4. Diffusion of an innovation -- 4.1. Principles of innovation diffusion -- 4.2. Innovation diffusion among individuals -- 4.2.1. Knowledge -- 4.2.2. Persuasion -- 4.2.3. Decision -- 4.2.4. Implementation and confirmation -- 4.3. Innovation diffusion in organizations -- 4.3.1. Agenda setting -- 4.3.2. Matching -- 4.3.3. Decision to adopt -- 4.3.4. Redefining and restructuring -- 4.3.5. Clarifying -- 4.3.6. Routinizing -- 5. Drivers and barriers to a smart electrification in Mozambique -- 5.1. The empirical study -- 5.1.1. Methodological approach -- 5.1.2. Basics of the research design -- 5.1.3. Potential drivers and barriers -- Finance -- Ability to pay -- Willingness to pay -- Electricity market -- Market power -- Tariffs -- Transaction costs -- Infrastructure -- Governance -- International Cooperation -- Acceptance -- 5.1.4. Application of the questionnaire -- 5.1.5. Application of the qualitative interviews -- 5.1.6. Data evaluation -- 5.1.7. Methodological challenges -- 5.2. Main findings -- 5.3. Finance -- 5.3.1. Ability to pay -- 5.3.2. Willingness to pay -- 5.4. Electricity market -- 5.4.1. Market power -- 5.4.2. Tariffs and revenues -- 5.4.3. Transaction costs -- 5.4.4. Digitalization -- 5.4.5. Economic environment -- 5.5. Infrastructure -- 5.5.1. Technological parameters -- 5.5.2. Economies of density -- 5.5.3. Costs and benefits of a smart energy sector -- 5.5.4. Grid management -- 5.6. Governance and stakeholders -- 5.6.1. Goals and political performance -- 5.6.2. Political and violent conflict -- 5.6.3. Public institutions -- 5.6.4. Regulatory framework.

Cover -- Endorsement -- Half Title -- Series Information -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Epigraph -- Table of contents -- Figures -- Tables -- Contributors -- Foreword by Tarja Halonen -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Russian modernization: A new paradigm -- Abstract -- 1.1 Relevance of modernization -- 1.2 Relevance of structuration theory -- 1.3 Going beyond previous paradigms -- 1.4 Russian perspectives on modernization -- 1.5 Multiple modernities approach -- 1.6 Debate on Soviet modernity and neo-traditionalism -- 1.7 Modernization as structuration -- 1.8 Three levels of conceptualization -- 1.9 Interdisciplinary approach -- 2 Modernization of the Russian economy: Fossil fuels, diversification, and the shackles of international political economy -- Abstract -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The structuration approach: choice for fossil fuels -- 2.2.1 The dimension of resources, technology, and infrastructure -- 2.2.2 The dimension of finance, markets, and business models -- 2.2.3 The institutional dimension -- 2.2.4 The ecological dimension -- 2.3 The structuration approach: diversification in manufacturing -- 2.3.1 Global innovation for local markets -- 2.3.2 Energy/resource-intensive commodities -- 2.3.3 Global technologies/innovators -- 2.3.4 Resources, technology, and infrastructure dimension -- 2.3.5 The finance, markets, and business models dimension -- 2.3.6 Institutional dimension -- 2.3.7 Ecological dimension -- 2.3.8 Diversification in manufacturing: preliminary results -- 2.4 Discussion -- Notes -- 3 Authoritarian modernization in post-Soviet Russia: Structures, agencies, and choices -- Abstract -- 3.1 Introduction: Russia and the challenges of authoritarian modernization -- 3.2 Dilemmas, challenges, and constraints of post-Soviet modernization -- 3.3 Strong state in Russia: material and symbolic demand and supply.

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Part I Macroeconomic Policy, Growth and Poverty -- 1. Macroeconomic Policy, Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction in Bangladesh: An Overview -- 2. Inflation and Household Welfare: Evidence from Bangladesh -- 3. Labor Market Dynamics, Inflation and Wage Adjustments in Bangladesh -- 4. Impact of Energy Price Adjustments on Bangladesh Economy: A Macro-Econometric Modeling Approach -- Part II Monetary and Fiscal Policy -- 5. Assessing the Effectiveness of Monetary Policy in Bangladesh -- 6. A Review of Public Expenditures in Bangladesh: Evidence on Sustainability and Cyclicality -- 7. Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy in Stimulating Economic Growth: An Empirical Study on Bangladesh -- 8. Financing Infrastructure Investment Through Spillover Tax Revenue Sharing: Evidence from Some Asian Countries -- Part III International Trade and Finance -- 9. Trade Liberalization Policies and Trade Performances in Bangladesh: An Empirical Evaluation -- 10. Analysis of Trade Pattern, Market Access and Trade Potential in Bangladesh -- 11. Exchange Rate Management Under Floating Regime in Bangladesh: An Assessment -- 12. Determinants of Capital Flows to Least Developed Countries: Lessons for Bangladesh -- 13. Aid, Macroeconomic Stability and Economic Development in Bangladesh -- 14. Macroeconomic Determinants of Remittances and Implications for Economic Growth: Evidence from Bangladesh -- Part IV Finance and Growth -- 15. Financial Liberalization, Financial Development and Economic Growth: An Analysis of the Financial Sector of Bangladesh -- 16. Microfinance in Sustainable Development and Economic Growth in Bangladesh -- 17. Development of Capital Market and Financing Future Growth in Bangladesh.

Front Cover -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- Abbreviations -- Overview -- Introduction -- The innovation imperative for developing East Asia -- The state of innovation in developing East Asia -- Heterogeneity of innovation capabilities within countries, sectors, and firms -- Why diffusion matters -- What inhibits innovation? -- Spurring innovation in developing East Asia: Directions for policy -- Final remarks -- Notes -- References -- 1 The State of Innovation in Developing East Asia -- Introduction -- Defining innovation -- The innovation imperative for developing East Asia -- Innovation performance in developing East Asia -- Road map for this report -- Notes -- References -- 2 Conceptual Framework and Stylized Facts -- Introduction -- Key concepts -- Importance of innovation and diffusion of technology in addressing the region's challenges -- Core elements for designing policies that accelerate technology adoption and diffusion -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- 3 Technology Adoption and Diffusion: A Firm-Level Perspective -- Introduction -- Is East Asia converging with, or diverging from, the technological frontier? Why diffusion matters -- Heterogeneity in the pattern and diffusion of innovation across space, sectors, and firms -- What inhibits innovation? -- Conclusions -- Annex 3A The Firm-level Adoption of Technologies survey -- Annex 3B Supplementary tables -- 1396927554 -- Notes -- References -- 4 Skills and Finance for Innovation -- Introduction -- Skills for innovation -- Finance for innovation -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- 5 Innovation Policies and Institutions in the Region: An Assessment -- Introduction -- Are policies coherent with the objective of supporting diffusion as well as invention? -- Agencies to support innovation.

Salt and State is an annotated translation of a treatise on salt from Song China. From its inception in the Han dynasty (206 B.C.–220 A.D.), the salt monopoly was a key component in the Chinese government's financial toolkit. Salt, with its highly localized and large-scale production, was an ideal target for bureaucratic management. In the Song dynasty (960–1279), fiscal pressures on the government had intensified with increased centralization and bureaucratization. A bloated administration and an enormous standing army maintained against incursions by aggressive steppe neighbors placed tremendous strain on Song finances. Developing the salt monopoly seemed a logical and indeed urgent strategy, but each actor in this plan—the emperor, local officials, monopoly administrators, producers, merchants, and consumers—had his own interests to protect and advance. Thus attempts to maximize the effectiveness of the monopoly meant frequent policy swings and led to levels of corruption that would ultimately undo the Song. Unlike other contemporary sources, the Songshi treatise organizes its subject into an intelligible and detailed narrative, elucidating special terminology, the bureaucracy and its processes, and debates relating to Chinese finance and politics, as well as the salt industry itself. Professor Chien's extensive annotation relies on parallel histories that corroborate and supplement the Songshi account, together providing a comprehensive study of this important institution in China's premodern political economy.

Cover -- CONTENTS -- INTRODUCTION -- PROGRAM OBJECTIVES AND FINANCING -- MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK AND RISKS -- PROGRAM POLICIES -- A. Fiscal Policies: Continuing Consolidation to Bring Public Debt Down -- B. Energy Sector Policies: Strengthening the Gas Sector -- C. Monetary and Exchange Rate Policies: Reducing Inflation and Building Reserves -- D. Financial Sector Policies: Strengthening Banks' Financial Health Further and Reviving Credit -- E. Structural Reforms: Improving Governance and Encouraging Investment -- PROGRAM MODALTIES -- STAFF APPRAISAL -- BOXES -- 1. Progress Under the EFF Arrangement -- 2. Pension Reform -- FIGURES -- 1. Real Sector Indicators, 2013-18 -- 2. Inflation and Exchange Rate Developments, 2013-18 -- 3. Selected Economic Indicators, 2013-2023 -- 4. Fiscal Sector Indicators, 2014-18 -- TABLES -- 1. Selected Economic and Social Indicators, 2017-2023 -- 2a. General Government Finances, 2017-2023 (Billions of Ukrainian hryvnia) -- 2b. General Government Finances, 2017-2023 (Percent of GDP) -- 3. Balance of Payments, 2017-2023 -- 4. Gross External Financing Requirements, 2017-2023 -- 5. Monetary Accounts, 2017-2023 -- 6. Structural and Financial Soundness Indicators for the Banking Sector, 2016-18 -- 7. Indicators of Fund Credit, 2017-2026 -- 8. Schedule of Reviews and Available Purchases -- ANNEXES -- I. External Sector Assessment -- II. Debt Sustainability Analysis -- APPENDIX -- I. Letter of Intent -- Attachment I. Memorandum of Economic and Financial Policies -- Attachment II. Technical Memorandum of Understanding

Economy -- Interrogating transnational masculinities, fatherhood and the institution of men : rethinking gender equity in global finance and large international law firms / Helen Longlands and Richard Collier -- The innovation ecosystem: interrogating [trans]national gender [un]sustainability in the new business centre / Richard Howson and Greg Kerr -- Transnational football's male elite : the unsustainability of FIFA? / John Hughson and Marina Hughson -- Hegemony self-critique : how men in finance question aspects of masculine and economic hegemony from within / Anika Thym -- Politics -- The ends of imagination : Hindu nationalism, masculine networks and political transformation / Prem Kumar (PK) Vijayan -- Intentional impossibility : sustainable transnational (male) clientelism versus an unsustainable environment / Marina Hughson -- Contradictory consciousness : men and feminist activism in the Caribbean / Tonya Haynes -- Technologies -- Men, automobility, movements, and the environment : imagining (un)sustainable, automated transport futures / Dag Balkmar and Jeff Hearn -- "The performing rights of man" : the global music industries and transnational hegemonies of men / Sam de Boise -- Electronic pornography and the transnational assemblage of sexuality / Karen Gabriel -- Gender trouble in cyberwar : multiple masculinities and femininities of a cyberspy in the war on terror / Winifred R. Poster -- Bodies -- The dynamics of displacement : diasporic masculinities between margins and centres / Sofia Aboim and Pedro Vasconcelos -- Transnational "winner" masculinities : modernity and the transformation of intimacy / Ernesto Vasquez del Aguila -- Men and masculinities offside? the [un]sustainability of the power of men / Iva mídová -- Contributors -- Index

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of contributors -- Introduction: sustainable economy and emerging markets -- References -- PART I -- 1. Dimensions of sustainability in impoverished contexts in emerging economies -- Introduction -- The dimensions of sustainability -- Approaching dimensional trade-offs -- Conclusion -- Note -- References -- 2. Public-private partnership as a mechanism to encourage MNEs' contributions to sustainable development goals: insights from Brazilian experience -- Introduction -- Literature review -- Data and method -- The case of Brazil -- Discussion and conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- 3. MNEs' sustainability challenges and corporate social responsibility in emerging markets: the case of Amway -- Introduction -- Theoretical background -- Method -- Key findings -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- 4. The Belt and Road Initiative: infrastructure and sustainable development -- Introduction -- The BRI in practice - promoting sustainable development? -- Conclusion -- References -- PART II -- 5. A tale of two debt crises: the IMF and the unsustainable development of Ghana -- Introduction -- The rise and fall of dependency theory and the Washington Consensus -- The dependent development of Ghana, 1983-2018 -- Conclusion -- Note -- Reference -- 6. Political economy of small-to-medium enterprise (SME) finance: lessons from Root Capital -- Introduction -- Social enterprise-developmental agenda: a brief literature review -- Impact investing: concepts and background -- Root capital business model -- Investment analysis: financial return vs. social impact -- Political economy of SME finance: lessons from microcredit -- Conclusion -- Note -- References.

Cover -- CONTENTS -- BACKGROUND -- RECENT ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS -- OUTLOOK, AND RISKS: CHALLENGES AHEAD -- POLICY DISCUSSIONS: MAINTAINING MACROECONOMIC STABILITY -- A. Fiscal Policy: Strengthening the Fiscal Position -- B. Monetary Policy and Foreign Exchange Management: Measured Normalization and Stability -- C. Strengthening Resilience and Containing Financial Sector Risks -- D. Debt Policy: Achieving Sustainability -- E. Structural Policies: Strengthening Governance and Promoting Inclusive Growth -- F. Data and AML/CFT Issues -- STAFF APPRAISAL -- BOXES -- 1. Adjustment Scenario -- 2. Social Protection -- 3. Monetary and Financial Sector Regulatory Measures -- 4. Nonperforming Loan Sensitivity Analysis -- FIGURES -- 1. Impact of Global Developments -- 2. Inflation, Monetary and Financial Developments -- 3. Selected External Sector Developments -- 4. Fiscal Developments -- TABLES -- 1. Selected Economic and Financial Indicators, 2016-23 -- 2. Government Finances, 2016-23 (billions of Meticais) -- 3. Government Finances, 2016-23 (Percent of GDP) -- 4. Monetary Survey, 2016-19 -- 5a. Balance of Payments, 2016-23 (Millions of U.S. dollars, unless otherwise indicated) -- 5b. Balance of Payments, 2016-23 (Percent of GDP) -- 6. Financial Soundness Indicators for Banking Sector, 2013-17 -- 7. Risk Assessment Matrix -- ANNEXES -- I. Implementation of Past IMF Recommendations -- II. External Sector Assessment -- III. IMF-WB Joint Recommendations on Authorities' Action Plan -- CONTENTS -- FUND RELATIONS -- JOINT WORLD BANK-IMF WORK PROGRAM, 2016-17 -- STATISTICAL ISSUES.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Illustrations -- List of Contributors -- Introduction: The Formation of Political Economy as a Knowledge Practice -- PART I: Representation and Political Economy -- SECTION 1 Abstractions -- 1 "The Visionary Scene Was Lost in Air": Conceptualizing Finance after the South Sea Bubble -- 2 Insect Nature and Human Political Economy: The Notion of the Population across Natural History and Physiocracy in Enlightenment France -- SECTION 2 Fictions -- 3 "Pilfering, and Burning, and Studious Waste": Food Security and Political Economy in Harriet Martineau's Cinnamon and Pearls -- 4 "I Have Tried to Write Truthfully": Fictions of Science in Women's Writing of Nineteenth-Century Political Economy -- PART II: Political Economy and Its Others -- SECTION 3 Vision, Surveillance, and the Corporation -- 5 Malthus's Vision: Ekphrasis and Corporate Sovereignty -- 6 Moral Surveillance after Malthus -- SECTION 4 Political Economy and Affect -- 7 The "Adam Smith Problem" and the Retreat of Sentimental Virtue from the World -- 8 The Anxiety of Inheritance: Work and the Impasses of Accumulation in Dickens's The Old Curiosity Shop -- PART III: Modelling Political Economy Today -- SECTION 5 Models and Their Consequence -- 9 From the South Sea Bubble to Modern Finance: The Legacy of Two Eighteenth-Century Economic Ideas -- 10 Afterword: Modelling the Political Economy in the Twenty-First Century -- Bibliography -- Index

"Avec la conjonction de la crise financière, d'alarmes croissantes concernant le changement climatique, de la misère persistante dans de nombreux pays, le débat sur la mondialisation se déploie désormais sur fond de questions plus radicales à propos de l'avenir même des capitalismes. Le libéralisme économique et politique ne semble plus être le mieux placé pour résoudre ces problèmes. La mondialisation actuelle a certes de nombreux précédents, mais elle est singulière. Elle est la combinaison de quatre " globalisations ": globalisation des firmes, de la finance, du numérique, de la nature. Elle se définit également par une mise en compétition généralisée par les firmes globales de l'ensemble des territoires, mais aussi par une mise en compétition des firmes globales par les investisseurs institutionnels via la finance de marché. Ce processus aggrave certaines inégalités et en réduit spectaculairement d'autres. Il favorise les émergences rapides, mais provoque des fragmentations. Dans ce contexte, quels sont les scénarios pour l'avenir ? Les acteurs économiques sont-ils tous appelés à devenir nomades pour rester compétitifs ? Les Etats ont-ils encore un rôle " régulateur " à jouer ? Quel est l'avenir des pays " occidentaux " et celui des régions du monde qui sont encore laissées pour compte ? Sans désespérer du futur, Pierre-Noël Giraud apporte des réponses lucides et argumentées à ces questions en levant quelques idées reçues" [source : 4e de couv.]

Intro -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication Page -- Contents -- List of Tables and Figures -- List of Acronyms -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Decentralization in Mexico: The Reconfiguration of Centralization -- The Centralization/Decentralization Dilemma -- A Framework for Analyzing the Mexican Case -- The Concept of Decentralization -- Types of Decentralization -- Modes of Decentralization -- Organizational Linkages -- Overview of the Book -- 2 Federalism a la Mexicana -- Mexican Federalism: A Historical Overview -- Presidencialismo: Executive Power Versus Legislative Supremacy -- Intergovernmental Relations -- Clientelism -- State Governors: The Modern Viceroys -- Local Government in Comparative Perspective -- Internal Organization of the Mexican Municipality -- Municipal Dependence -- Conclusion -- 3 Responding to Crisis: Opening the Political Space and Deciding to Decentralize -- The Economic Crisis -- The Political Crisis -- The Institutionalization of Political Reform -- The Rise of Opposition Governments at the State and Local Levels -- Decentralization -- Conclusion -- 4 Centralizing Politics Versus Decentralizing Policies, 1970-1995 -- Mexico City's Demographic Explosion -- Mexico's Decentralization Policies, 1970-1995 -- Conclusion -- 5 Dependent Sovereignty: Intergovernmental Finances and the States -- The Federal System of Revenue Sharing -- Other Income Lines to States and Municipalities: Redressing the Imbalances -- The National Solidarity Program -- State Government Finances -- Conclusion -- 6 Municipio Libre: Ten Years of Decentralization in Practice -- Functions of Municipal Government -- Municipal Revenues -- Municipal Expenditures -- Conclusion -- 7 Retaining Power by Giving It Away: From Reforma Municipal to Solidaridad to Nuevo Federalismo -- To Centralize by Decentralizing