Suchergebnisse

Since the 1950s, Japanese non-state actors in the international anti-nuclear
weapons movement have disseminated the dangers of nuclear weapons, tied to
Japanese experiences of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in
1945. Coming from the only country that has experienced nuclear attacks, they
provide much needed evidence of the humanitarian impacts of nuclear weapons.
These actors include survivors of the atomic bombings, commonly known as
hibakusha, who have initiated and persistently maintained the humanitarian
focus on nuclear discourse for decades. This paper examines their contributions
to eyewitness testimonies on the impacts of nuclear weapons and their efforts
leading to major milestones in international efforts for nuclear abolition. It also
focuses on the roles played by the Japan Confederation of A- and H-Bomb Sufferers
Organization (Nihon Hidankyo) and the Japan Association of Lawyers Against
Nuclear Arms (JALANA), which made tremendous contributions facilitating the
success of the World Court Project in the 1990s and the Humanitarian Initiative
in the 2010s that led to the 2017 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons.
Non-state Japanese contributions were, unfortunately, under-recognised, and
the successes of international nuclear abolition were often attributed to other
international actors. Hence, this paper recognises the contributions of non-state
Japanese actors in sustaining the international anti-nuclear weapons movement
and achieving the nuclear ban treaty.

In the English School, the relationship between international and world society has recently received increasing attention – conceptually and empirically. Adding to this developing literature, we study how world societal actors not only serve as normative counterpoints to international society or function as norm-entrepreneurs, but decisively contribute to its reproduction. Going beyond the common preoccupation with actor types, we focus on practices that are performed on the international stage. We examine the role which world sport events, especially FIFA's World Cup and the infrastructure of football, play for international society. Building on Wight, we conceptualize world sport events as a (world societal actor driven) derivative primary institution of international society, which is embedded within the particularly hybrid master primary institution of sites and festivals. We find that world sport events allow for the ludic and festive reproduction of key primary institutions (like sovereignty, territoriality, and nationalism), while they highlight how members of international society compete on the basis of shared norms and values. Naturalizing world order as international order, they make international society emotionally experienceable as feasible and desirable at a global level. In performing world sport events, world societal actors uphold rather than challenge international society.

AbstractIn the English School, the relationship between international and world society has recently received increasing attention – conceptually and empirically. Adding to this developing literature, we study how world societal actors not only serve as normative counterpoints to international society or function as norm-entrepreneurs, but decisively contribute to its reproduction. Going beyond the common preoccupation with actor types, we focus on practices that are performed on the international stage. We examine the role which world sport events, especially FIFA's World Cup and the infrastructure of football, play for international society. Building on Wight, we conceptualize world sport events as a (world societal actor driven) derivative primary institution of international society, which is embedded within the particularly hybrid master primary institution of sites and festivals. We find that world sport events allow for the ludic and festive reproduction of key primary institutions (like sovereignty, territoriality, and nationalism), while they highlight how members of international society compete on the basis of shared norms and values. Naturalizing world order as international order, they make international society emotionally experienceable as feasible and desirable at a global level. In performing world sport events, world societal actors uphold rather than challenge international society.