Ukraine's course towards European integration should involve local governments in overcoming a number of problems in the financial support of local communities.However, the activities carried out in the light of the ratification of the Association Agreement with the EU will not include estimates for local government development in Ukraine. But it is the local government as a form of public authority closest to citizens primarily feel the transformational impact in the area of budget support local communities.
Introduction. The availability of specific problems for each country in the financial sector, socio-economic life of society requires scientific reflection and the search for ways to effectively solve them. In this aspect, fiscal policy, as an important component of economic policy and a powerful instrument of state regulation, directly and indirectly, through fiscal levers, affects the formation, distribution, redistribution and use of financial resources in accordance with the goals and objectives of socio-economic development of the state. It affects financial relations and regulates the finances of institutional units and sectors linked to the financial system. In advanced economies, fiscal policy is an effective tool for stimulating socio-economic growth and contributes to medium and long-term growth of ¾ percentage points and even more. However, the dispositionality in understanding the meaning of the definition of "fiscal policy" and its ambivalence led to the presence of a number of discussion approaches that require a more in-depth study.Purpose. The purpose of the article is to provide scientific substantiation of the theoretical basis for the semantic definition of fiscal policy on the basis of generalization, deepening and expansion of available theoretical achievements. Methods. Methods of theoretical generalization and systematization, analysis and synthesis (during the definition of the conceptual apparatus of fiscal policy).Results. At the present stage of the development of society, the study of scientific approaches to understanding the concept of "fiscal policy" provides an opportunity to argue that they do not deny, but complement each other. Most scholars understand the fiscal policy of measures through which the state exercises a purposeful regulatory influence on the formation, structure and effectiveness of the functioning of national production as the basis for the achievement of welfare in society. At the same time the complex solves such tasks as the implementation of redistribution of income and the provision of production of public goods.Originality. The term "fiscal policy" is controversial and its content content is disclosed not only through measures for the formation of tax revenues and expenditures for expenditures of the state budget to ensure full employment, price stability and economic growth, but also through the formation of tax revenues and directions of expenditure of local budget expenditures and management of target extrabudgetary funds.Conclusion. Under fiscal policy, it is proposed to understand - a complex (enshrined in programs and legislative and regulatory documents) of measures that regulate tax revenues to budgets of all levels and contributions to extrabudgetary state-owned trust funds and their respective expenditures, to ensure full employment, price stability , effective financing of socially necessary expenditures aimed at increasing the competitiveness of the economy and stimulating socio-economic growth, as well as the influence of the rzhavy economic situation by applying a wide arsenal of fiscal tools, tools, methods (which should match the ideology of social development), acting through the national financial system.
The subject of the study is the main theoretical and practical issues of the fiscal policy implementation. The purpose of the article is to study theoretical postulates that reveal the essence and peculiarities of fiscal policy, as well as assess the problems of implementing fiscal policy in Ukraine. The research hypothesizes that the government's moves towards the most favourable financial environment will allow the Ukrainian economy to make better use of the potential of market institutions (insurance, credit, banks, etc.) in the budgeting process and direct the fiscal policy towards easing the tax burden. The purpose and hypothesis of the study determine its tasks. Methods of the research. In accordance with the logic of the scientific search, the article used theoretical analysis, including consideration of individual traits and identification of new characteristics of problems, comparison, mathematical and statistical methods. The results of the work. It is shown that the transformation of the role and functions of the state in society influence the formation and evolution of fiscal policy. The accent is made on the ambiguity of the interpretation of fiscal policy by the scientific community. It is proposed to consider the concept of «fiscal policy» in a broad and narrow sense; in terms of objective and subjective signs; economic content and forms of manifestation, etc. Fiscal policy is a powerful tool for economic development of the country. The priority directions of fiscal policy are named. A weighted approach to shaping and implementing fiscal policy requires taking into account the influence of exogenous and endogenous factors that determine decision-making. In addition, when developing the main directions of fiscal policy, the state should proceed from the need to maintain financial stability and prevent the fall of the standard of living of citizens. Explored is the discrepancy between the strategic goal of fiscal policy and ways to achieve it, as well as a number of other contradictions inherent in ...
The subject of the study the cost of geological objects, investigated for the needs of defining the concepts of fiscal geology. The purpose of writing the article is to develop some theoretical concepts, in particular, fiscal subsoil resource products, fiscal geology, according to which it is treated as due to resource science. Methodology of carrying out work is a method of abstract–logical analysis (in determining the system of concepts of fiscal geology, in particular, fiscal subsoil–resource product); monographic analysis (when using a resource approach), comparison and generalization (when forming conclusions and proposals). The results of the work are substantiated by a number of theoretical concepts of fiscal geology. Under concept of fiscal subsoil resource product is to be understood as the value of a geological object, by which the payments to the budget for extracted minerals or for economic use of underground space are calculated. The threefoldness of the meaning of the term "fiscal subsoil resource product" is substantiated: by origin, natural, discovered and measured in the course of geological exploration of the subsoil (owned by the people); with removal from the bowels and inclusion in economic turnover is a commodity (there is a process of commodity–money exchange, change of owner), for industrial use – raw materials (used by the owner, purchased as a commodity). The following regulations should be distinguished in the subsoil use fiscaling (in rates of payments, coefficients to them, provision of privileges, etc.): extraction and economic use of minerals from the bowels of their own territories; application of innovative technologies, measures for labor rationalization for extraction and economic use; extraction of minerals from the bowels in difficult conditions, from deep depths, exhausted, man– made deposits, etc.; extraction of minerals from international fields, by government projects, programs or the owner of subsoil use, off–balance sheet reserves. For problems affecting the indicators ...
The subject of the study – fiscal and monetary determinants of growth. The purpose of the article is to study the evolution of the theoretical fundamentals of fiscal and monetary factors' effect on growth. Research methodology – scientific search and methods of analysis and synthesis in the perspective trends of growth theory development. Results. The study results have shown how dynamic was the formation of ideas of the founders of economic thoughts in the qualitative and quantitative content of functional connections between areas of the economy at the macro and micro levels, which are gradually changing driving by the global transformation processes. The emergence of endogenous theory and the technological progress of information processing tools made it possible by composing theoretical models to use a whole set of concepts previously associated with microeconomics. In the context of the historical narrative about the Government and its role in the economy and a systematic approach to building a comprehensive view of money's nature, the border between purely fiscal and monetary instruments is gradually dissolving. As a result, a great scope of new functionality became available for implementing economic policy. Thanks to the newly created conditions, the Government authorities' responsibility and the ability to achieve the intended goals are increasing enormously. Application of results. Economic sector: economic theory, macroeconomics, management of national economy. Conclusions. One of the progressive directions of growth theory development is implemented in the research field of fiscal and monetary factors, their effectiveness and practicability, depending on the intended goals of economic policy and macro–environment changes.
The peculiarities of the process of reforming intergovernmental fiscal relations in Ukraine including the models of budget federalism that is used for the formation of intergovernmental fiscal relations are defined in the article. The mechanism of budget regulation of fiscal misbalances and the directions of providing vertical and horizontal financial equalization in government sector of Ukraine is analyzed ; У статті визначено особливості процесу реформування міжбюджетних відносин в Україні, в тому числі моделі бюджетного федералізму, яка використовуються при формуванні міжбюджетних відносин. Проаналізовано механізм бюджетного регулювання фіскальних дисбалансів та напрями запровадження вертикального і горизонтального фінансового вирівнювання у бюджетну сферу України
The article deals with the modern manifestations of fiscal space deformations because of digitalisation on the example of electronic residence of taxpayers and an exit capital tax. The theoretical and methodical basis of e-residency is outlined in the digital economy. The Tiebout hypothesis is considered in case of taxpayers`s mobility and information asymmetry. Estonia's legislation and practical experience of implicating a person digital representation is summarized. The advantages and disadvantages of an exit capital tax as a separate form of direct taxation are assessed. Corporate income tax rates in different countries of the world are given. Conclusions about the intensification of inter-country tax competition and the emergence of new offshore configurations have been made.
The article is sanctified to the actual subjects is research of problems of the fiscal adjusting from the side of the state, and in particular, study of features of the fiscal adjusting of large taxpayers (ВПП) in Ukraine, his generalization and systematization, determination of priority directions of his perfection. Results are represented in the analysis of fiscal environment of doing business in Ukraine, нармативно-правового legislation in relation to the features of registering and administration of ВПП. A novelty consists in the поглибленному study of теоретико-методологічних principles in the field of the fiscal adjusting of ВПП. Practical meaningfulness is taken to the grant of concrete suggestions on the way of perfection of these processes. JEL:H 32 ; Стаття присвячена актуальній тематиці – дослідження проблем фіскального регулювання з боку держави, та зокрема, вивчення особливостей фіскального регулювання великих платників податків (ВПП) в Україні, його узагальнення та систематизація, визначення пріоритетних напрямів його вдосконалення. Результати відображаються у аналізі фіскального середовища ведення бізнесу в Україні, нармативно-правового законодавства щодо особливостей ведення обліку та адміністрування ВПП. Новизна полягає у поглибленному вивченні теоретико-практичних засад у сфері фіскального регулювання ВПП. Практична значущість зводиться до надання конкретних пропозицій на шляху вдосконалення даних процесів.
In the current conditions of globalization, financial crisis in the world, the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of states, the activities of all economic entities and interstate relations, economic instability in the state, it is necessary to allocate and use public funds and regulate fiscal space. National economies and their constituent systems are interconnected by fiscal relations, which are subject to transformation and influence due to constant changes in external and internal factors: economic crises, currency fluctuations, political imbalances between countries, military conflicts, natural disasters, etc. To develop the country's economy and increase its financial security, it is necessary to effectively regulate budget processes: their revenues and expenditures, so there is a need to analyze the transformation of the fiscal space of Ukraine. The main purpose of the study is to analyze the transformation of the fiscal space of Ukraine in modern conditions. The analysis of transformation of fiscal space of Ukraine is carried out. The definition of the concept of fiscal space is indicated. The main properties of fiscal space are considered and the sources of its creation are schematically presented. Revenues of the consolidated budget of Ukraine are analyzed. The level of implementation of the planned indicators of budget revenues and expenditures is determined. The average shares of revenues of the consolidated budget of Ukraine during the study period are calculated. The generalized (average) structure of revenues of the consolidated budget of Ukraine is presented. The structure of actually received revenues of the consolidated budget of Ukraine is investigated. The dynamics of received and planned total revenues of the consolidated budget of Ukraine is graphically presented. The main source of fullness of the revenue part of the budget of Ukraine is revealed. The dynamics of tax revenues to the state, local and consolidated budgets is analyzed and their structures are considered. Expenditures of the consolidated budget of Ukraine are investigated. The dynamics and structure of expenditures according to the program classification of expenditures and crediting of the state budget, according to the economic classification of budget expenditures and according to the functional classification of expenditures and crediting of the budget are analyzed. We are convinced that the analysis of the transformation of Ukraine's fiscal space will improve the mechanisms of regulating budget processes and attracting insufficient funds, which will increase the financial security of the state and the economy, reduce public debt and creditors, develop interstate relations and more. ; Проведено комплексний аналіз трансформації фіскального простору України. Представлено визначення сутності поняття «фіскальний простір». Розглянуто основні характерні властивості фіскального простору і схематично представлено основні джерела його формування. Проаналізовано доходи Зведеного бюджету України. Визначено рівень виконання запланованих показників доходів і видатків бюджету. Розраховано середні частки доходів Зведеного бюджету України протягом досліджуваного періоду (2013—2019 рр.). Представлена узагальнена (середня) структура доходів Зведеного бюджету України за досліджуваний період. Досліджено структуру фактично отриманих доходів Pведеного бюджету України. Графічно представлено динаміку отриманих та запланованих загальних доходів Зведеного бюджету України. Виявлено основне джерело наповненості дохідної частини бюджету України. Здійснено аналіз динаміки податкових надходжень до державного, місцевих і зведеного бюджетів та розглянуто їхні структури. Досліджено видатки Зведеного бюджету України. Проаналізовано динаміку і структуру видатків за програмною класифікацією видатків та кредитування державного бюджету, за економічною класифікацією видатків бюджету і за функціональною класифікацією видатків та кредитування бюджету. Доведено, що трансформація фіскального простору України протягом 2013—2019 рр. дозволить удосконалити механізми регулювання бюджетних процесів і залучення недостатніх коштів, які сприятимуть підвищенню фінансової безпеки держави.
In the current conditions of globalization, financial crisis in the world, the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of states, the activities of all economic entities and interstate relations, economic instability in the state, it is necessary to allocate and use public funds and regulate fiscal space. National economies and their constituent systems are interconnected by fiscal relations, which are subject to transformation and influence due to constant changes in external and internal factors: economic crises, currency fluctuations, political imbalances between countries, military conflicts, natural disasters, etc. To develop the country's economy and increase its financial security, it is necessary to effectively regulate budget processes: their revenues and expenditures, so there is a need to analyze the transformation of the fiscal space of Ukraine. The main purpose of the study is to analyze the transformation of the fiscal space of Ukraine in modern conditions. The analysis of transformation of fiscal space of Ukraine is carried out. The definition of the concept of fiscal space is indicated. The main properties of fiscal space are considered and the sources of its creation are schematically presented. Revenues of the consolidated budget of Ukraine are analyzed. The level of implementation of the planned indicators of budget revenues and expenditures is determined. The average shares of revenues of the consolidated budget of Ukraine during the study period are calculated. The generalized (average) structure of revenues of the consolidated budget of Ukraine is presented. The structure of actually received revenues of the consolidated budget of Ukraine is investigated. The dynamics of received and planned total revenues of the consolidated budget of Ukraine is graphically presented. The main source of fullness of the revenue part of the budget of Ukraine is revealed. The dynamics of tax revenues to the state, local and consolidated budgets is analyzed and their structures are considered. Expenditures of the consolidated budget of Ukraine are investigated. The dynamics and structure of expenditures according to the program classification of expenditures and crediting of the state budget, according to the economic classification of budget expenditures and according to the functional classification of expenditures and crediting of the budget are analyzed. We are convinced that the analysis of the transformation of Ukraine's fiscal space will improve the mechanisms of regulating budget processes and attracting insufficient funds, which will increase the financial security of the state and the economy, reduce public debt and creditors, develop interstate relations and more. ; Проведено комплексний аналіз трансформації фіскального простору України. Представлено визначення сутності поняття «фіскальний простір». Розглянуто основні характерні властивості фіскального простору і схематично представлено основні джерела його формування. Проаналізовано доходи Зведеного бюджету України. Визначено рівень виконання запланованих показників доходів і видатків бюджету. Розраховано середні частки доходів Зведеного бюджету України протягом досліджуваного періоду (2013—2019 рр.). Представлена узагальнена (середня) структура доходів Зведеного бюджету України за досліджуваний період. Досліджено структуру фактично отриманих доходів Pведеного бюджету України. Графічно представлено динаміку отриманих та запланованих загальних доходів Зведеного бюджету України. Виявлено основне джерело наповненості дохідної частини бюджету України. Здійснено аналіз динаміки податкових надходжень до державного, місцевих і зведеного бюджетів та розглянуто їхні структури. Досліджено видатки Зведеного бюджету України. Проаналізовано динаміку і структуру видатків за програмною класифікацією видатків та кредитування державного бюджету, за економічною класифікацією видатків бюджету і за функціональною класифікацією видатків та кредитування бюджету. Доведено, що трансформація фіскального простору України протягом 2013—2019 рр. дозволить удосконалити механізми регулювання бюджетних процесів і залучення недостатніх коштів, які сприятимуть підвищенню фінансової безпеки держави.
The aim of the study. Identify the interdependencies that arise in the area of fiscal policy, the possibility of reducing or need to increase the tax burden. Propose effective mechanisms for redistributing state expenditures to improve social standards and economic development. And also to determine how government borrowings affect the socio–economic situation in the country, to determine whether it is possible at this stage of the economy to abandon new borrowings in order to reduce the level of debt dependence of the country. Research methodology. During the research, general scientific and special methods were used, in particular: monographic – when reviewing literary sources on the subject of research; expert–logical – when choosing steps to formulate fiscal policy at certain stages of economic development; system– analytical – at a critical analysis of fiscal policy in the context of certain economic imbalances. Results. It was established that the next accumulation of the country's debt could lead to loss of economic independence of our state, dictation of certain economically unprofitable conditions by external creditors, which will further affect the social and economic well–being of our citizens. It is proposed to change the vectors of the state fiscal policy in the direction of increasing the level of capital expenditures, reducing debt burden from external loans, changing vectors in the direction of raising funds from the internal creditor, reducing the level of tax burden on profits of enterprises in the real sector, which will release funds for reinvestment, expansion of the sphere production, will lead to an accelerated rate of production of gross domestic product. As a basis for economic growth, it is necessary to reduce the level of control over the sphere of production, to de–bureaucraise relations between the state and business, to implement indirect methods of state control, to ensure transparency of the state policy in the field of procurement, to allow the public to take an active part in ...
The negative impact of "shadow" wages on protection of the rights of employees is considered. If you do not take action today, after some time these people will receive a minimum pension. The indexes of unregistered labor in the Lviv region are given and, taking into account the norms of labor legislation, is indicated on the procedure for the recruitment of hired workers. In order to ensure the rights of employees, the Government provides for measures aimed at diminishing relations in the field of employment, namely the use of fiscal comprehensive measures-checks on the design of labor relations. The analysis of the results of the first inspections of the subjects of economic activity and their influence on the income tax on personal income and the single contribution to the budget was carried out. ; Розглянуто негативний вплив "тіньової" заробітної плати у захисті прав найманих працівників. Якщо не вжити заходів сьогодні, через певний час ці люди отримають мінімальні пенсії. Наведено показники неоформленої праці по Львівській області та з врахуванням норм трудового законодавства вказано на порядок оформлення на роботу найманих працівників. З метою забезпечення прав працівників, Урядом передбачено заходи спрямовані на детінізацію відносин у сфері зайнятості населення, а саме вжиття фіскальних комплексних заходів-перевірок за оформленням трудових відносин. Проведено аналіз результатів перших перевірок суб'єктів господарської діяльності та їх вплив на надходження податку на доходи з фізичних осіб та єдиного внеску до бюджету.
У структурі антикризової фіскальної політики предметно досліджувалися автоматичні стабілізатори, оцінювалася потужність їх впливу на відновлення економічної динаміки України. Здійснено кількісну оцінку величини автоматичних стабілізаторів, яка показала низький ступінь їх внеску у згладження циклічних флуктуацій. ; В структуре антикризисной фискальной плотики предметно исследовались автоматические стабилизаторы и сила их воздействия на восстановление экономической динамики Украины. Осуществлена количественная оценка величины автоматических стабилизаторов, которая показала низкую степень их вклада в сглаживание циклических флуктуаций. ; The structure of the anti-crisis fiscal automatic stabilizers and the power of their influence on the dynamics of economic recovery in Ukraine are the subjects studied here. With the tool of comparative analysis between the tax systems of Ukraine and the EU the determinants that enhance their effect in the domestic economy are identified. They are high sensitivity settings of the state budget to the economic situation. The factors that weaken their action are the bias of the tax burden towards indirect taxes and high trade openness of the economy. Quantifying the magnitude of automatic stabilizers showed a low level of their contribution to smoothing cyclical fluctuations, that indicated the inefficiency of the national tax system and the need for activation of the discretionary component of the government's fiscal policy.
У структурі антикризової фіскальної політики предметно досліджувалися автоматичні стабілізатори, оцінювалася потужність їх впливу на відновлення економічної динаміки України. Здійснено кількісну оцінку величини автоматичних стабілізаторів, яка показала низький ступінь їх внеску у згладження циклічних флуктуацій. ; В структуре антикризисной фискальной плотики предметно исследовались автоматические стабилизаторы и сила их воздействия на восстановление экономической динамики Украины. Осуществлена количественная оценка величины автоматических стабилизаторов, которая показала низкую степень их вклада в сглаживание циклических флуктуаций. ; The structure of the anti-crisis fiscal automatic stabilizers and the power of their influence on the dynamics of economic recovery in Ukraine are the subjects studied here. With the tool of comparative analysis between the tax systems of Ukraine and the EU the determinants that enhance their effect in the domestic economy are identified. They are high sensitivity settings of the state budget to the economic situation. The factors that weaken their action are the bias of the tax burden towards indirect taxes and high trade openness of the economy. Quantifying the magnitude of automatic stabilizers showed a low level of their contribution to smoothing cyclical fluctuations, that indicated the inefficiency of the national tax system and the need for activation of the discretionary component of the government's fiscal policy.
The modern tax legislation is in a permanent process of making changes, additions and clarifications in order to bring the norms into line with the realities of life. It is difficult to call a normative act that would not be subject to such interference, but in general, tax legislation is not easier. The determining factors of the activity of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine are its tasks, functions and competence. The current legislation defines the tasks for the whole system of these bodies, the functions - for their individual units, and the competence - for all the bodies with some peculiarities for individual units. The exercise of functions by the fiscal authorities implies, on the one hand, the exercise of their powers and, on the other, the discharge of responsibilities. The primary responsibility of tax authorities is to monitor compliance with tax laws. The control function is inherent in the activity of all executive bodies. But if some of them exercise general control and can be attributed to subjects of control activity, others - exercise control function, which occupies the main place in their activity. The control function is intended to assess the adequacy of the implementation of other functions of the tasks before the state tax service. It exists constantly when performing other functions. The functions and powers of any executive body are not only important but also the main features that characterize the general sphere of its activity. In the state-governmental mechanism, among the categories of other central executive bodies, this is especially true of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine because of the specific nature of its functions. Traditionally, when talking about functions and powers, they are primarily associated with the status of a particular executive body. Therefore, with regard to the subject of our study, the function and authority of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine makes sense to consider within the legal bases of the administrative and legal status of the State Fiscal ...
