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The international development community is off-track from meeting targets for alleviating global malnutrition. Meanwhile, there is growing consensus across scientific disciplines that fish plays a crucial role in food and nutrition security. However, this 'fish as food' perspective has yet to translate into policy and development funding priorities. We argue that the traditional framing of fish as a natural resource emphasizes economic development and biodiversity conservation objectives, whereas situating fish within a food systems perspective can lead to innovative policies and investments that promote nutrition-sensitive and socially equitable capture fisheries and aquaculture. This paper highlights four pillars of research needs and policy directions toward this end. Ultimately, recognizing and working to enhance the role of fish in alleviating hunger and malnutrition can provide an additional long-term development incentive, beyond revenue generation and biodiversity conservation, for governments, international development organizations, and society more broadly to invest in the sustainability of capture fisheries and aquaculture. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s13280-020-01451-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Double-decker buses, bowler hats, and cricket may be synonymous with British culture, but when it comes to their cuisine, nothing comes to mind faster than fish and chips. Sprinkled with salt and vinegar and often accompanied by mushy peas, fish and chips were the original British fast food. In this innovative book, Panikos Panayi unwraps the history of Britain's most popular takeout, relating a story that brings up complicated issues of class, identity, and development. Investigating the origins of eating fish and potatoes in Britain, Panayi describes the birth of the meal itself, t

There is uncertainty about the relevance of animal foods to the pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease (IHD). We examined meat, fish, dairy products, and eggs and risk for IHD in the pan-European EPIC cohort (European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition). Risk for IHD was positively associated with consumption of red and processed meat and inversely associated with consumption of yogurt, cheese, and eggs, although the associations with yogurt and eggs may be influenced by reverse causation bias. It is not clear whether the associations with red and processed meat and cheese reflect causality, but they were consistent with the associations of these foods with plasma non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and for red and processed meat with systolic blood pressure, which could mediate such effects. ; Analyses were supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MR/M012190/1), Cancer Research UK (C8221/A19170 and 570/A16491), and the Wellcome Trust (Our Planet Our Health, Livestock Environment and People 205212/Z/16/Z). The project (EPIC-CVD) has been supported by the European Union Framework 7 (HEALTH-F2-2012–279233), the European Research Council (268834), the UK Medical Research Council (G0800270 and MR/L003120/1), the British Heart Foundation (SP/09/002, RG/08/014, and RG13/13/30194), and the UK National Institute of Health Research. The coordination of EPIC is financially supported by the European Commission and the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The national cohorts are supported by Danish Cancer Society (Denmark); Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Gustave Roussy, Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) (France); German Cancer Aid, German Cancer Research Center, Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Deutsche Krebshilfe, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, and Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany); the Hellenic Health Foundation (Greece); Italian Association for Research on Cancer, National Research Council (Italy) and Ministero dell'Istruzione dell'Università e della Ricerca "Dipartimenti di Eccellenza" (Project D15D18000410001) to the Department of Medical Sciences (Italy); Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports, Netherlands Cancer Registry, LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Dutch Zorg Onderzoek Nederland, World Cancer Research Fund; Health Research Fund, PI13/00061 to Granada, PI13/01162 to EPIC-Murcia, regional governments of Andalucía, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia (No. 6236), and Navarra, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII RETIC RD06/0020) (Spain); Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Research Council and County Councils of Skåne and Västerbotten (Sweden); Cancer Research UK (14136 to EPIC-Norfolk; C570/ A16491 and C8221/A19170 to EPIC-Oxford), UK Medical Research Council (1000143 to EPIC-Norfolk, MR/M012190/1 to EPIC-Oxford, MC_UU_12015/1 (Drs Langenberg and Wareham), and MC_UU_12015/5 (Dr Forouhi), and National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Center Cambridge: Nutrition, Diet, and Lifestyle Research Theme (IS-BRC-1215–20014) to the Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit Cambridge. Dr Bradbury holds the Girdlers' New Zealand Health Research Council Fellowship. Dr Steur received Core Medical Research Council Unit support through the Nutritional Epidemiology Program (MC_UU_12015/5) while at the Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit and received funding from the Alpro Foundation while at the Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit. John Danesh holds a British Heart Foundation Professorship, National Institute for Health Research Senior Investigator Award, and European Research Council Senior Investigator Award. The authors assume full responsibility for analyses and interpretation of these data.

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- INTRODUCTION -- CHAPTER 1 WHAT'S THE CATCH? -- CHAPTER 2 BEING PREPARED -- CHAPTER 3 ON THE ROAD -- CHAPTER 4 IN THE NETWORK -- CHAPTER 5 MAKING THE RULES COUNT -- GLOSSARY -- FOR MORE INFORMATION -- FOR FURTHER READING -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- INDEX -- Back Cover

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