Suchergebnisse

Medulloblastomas are neuroectodermal tumors of embryonic origin developing in cerebellum and spinal cord and have an unusual occurrence. When occurs in cattle, it is observed in neonatal cases, leading to multiple neurological clinical signs. Flemish cattle are considered at risk of extinction and the rare specimens of Brazil are in Lages, Santa Catarina. The case of a two-month-old calf with difficulty to remain in a standing position, imbalance, opisthotonus, strabismus, and broad-based gait is described in this study. The animal was euthanized and the necropsy showed an irregular, whitish pink, and friable mass in the cerebellar vermis region, measuring 5×6×3.8 cm associated with the dilation of the lateral ventricles, which extended through the interventricular foramen, midbrain aqueduct, and fourth ventricle. Histologically, it presented elongated triangular neuronal cells arranged in a dense sheet that sometimes encircled small areas of neuropil to form Homer-Wright pseudorosettes. These tumor characteristics were compatible with a medulloblastoma. The immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluation of the tumor demonstrated a positive staining for vimentin in neoplastic cells and glial fibrillary acidic protein in neoplastic stromal cells, non-reactive for synaptophysin, and negative for S100 protein and pan-cytokeratin. The histological and topographical characteristics were paramount for determining the medulloblastoma diagnosis and the IHC panel is similar to that observed in other studies. Tumor growth is limited by skull bony structures, allowing determining that the clinical signs expressed by the animal were directly related to the compression of important functional structures due to tumor expansion. Medulloblastoma is an unusual tumor in all animal species, not previously reported in Flemish cattle, and necropsy followed by histopathological examination is essential for diagnosis.

Researchers in several countries have regularly reported decreasing response rates for surveys
and the need for increased efforts in order to attain an acceptable response rate: two things that
can be seen as signs of a worsening survey climate. At the same time, differences between
countries and surveys with regard to the actual level and evolution of response rates have also
been noted. Some of these differences are probably linked to differences in the survey content or
design. This may hinder the study of the evolving survey climate over time, based on different
surveys in different countries, because more readily comparable conditions are desirable. An
optimal opportunity for describing the changing survey climate is offered by the Survey of Social-
Cultural Changes in Flanders. We analyse yearly data from 1996 to 2013 to examine the evolution
of several survey climate indicators. Some indicators reveal a declining survey climate, such as an
increased refusal rate and a greater number of contact attempts per respondent. Other indicators
reveal a stable survey climate, such as a stable response rate and respondents' positive, stable
attitude towards surveys. Results show that, within the same survey, one can compensate for
negative evolution by increasing the efforts made to ensure completed interviews.

The distribution of the finite verb in the West Flemish Infinitivus Pro Participio construction provides evidence for embedded V‐movement in the lower Middle Field of the West Germanic SOV languages. Two functional heads are postulated in the lower Middle Field, F1 (which checks Tense and Negation) and F2 (which checks aspect). FP1 dominates FP2. Finite verbs may remain in F2, or move to F1 (depending on feature strength), infinitives remain in F2. The analysis accounts for the finite/non‐finite asymmetery in the distribution of the negative head en in West Flemish and provides indirect support for Kayne's antisymmetry hyposthesis.West Flemish bare infinitival complements remain to the right of F2, IPP complements occupy the specifier position of FP2, and past participles incorporate to F1. A parallelism between DP positions and the positions of non‐finite verbal complements is explored in the final part of the paper.

Competency management has become a new trend in the public sector. There is some doubt, however, if competency management is really something new or whether it is just old wine in new bottles. Academics seem to be more sceptical about its novelty than practitioners. This article attempts to combine theory and practice. Some theoretical aspects of competency management are explored and definitions, reasons for implementation, novelty and implications for the HRM function are discussed. The theory is then confronted with two cases of competency management in the public sector. The first deals with the appraisal system in the Flemish administration and the second with the HR‐policy towards public managers in the Dutch civil service. The research material for the case studies was collected during a research project on international perspectives for HRM in the Flemish government.

In 2020, 195 Flemish citizen scientists completed a questionnaire that gauged demographic characteristics, their motivations, and experiences with citizen science. The results show, among other things, that citizen scientists in Flanders are on average older and more highly educated than the general population. At the same time, the projects subsidised by the appeals of the Department of Economy, Science and Innovation of the Flemish government also managed to appeal to a new group of citizens, who are younger and who only recently participated for the first time in a citizen science project. Contributing to scientific research is the biggest, but not the only motivator for participation. Citizen scientists often look back with satisfaction on their participation. These results provide guidelines for further policy to involve hard-to-reach target groups in future citizen science projects.

Flemish emigration during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries is too complex to be dealt with definitively in a single article. Our main objective is to provide an overview of the migration towards France and Wallonia by looking at its chronology, and the spatial distribution of emigrants and their descendants. In this effort, patronym distribution is very helpful. As markers of migratory movements, patronyms from a collection of nominative lists give us a handle on migration flows as no other evidence can. Comparing France and Wallonia, the two destination areas, it is possible to see similarities between types of migrants: workers in heavy industry, workers in the agricultural sector, and workers engaged in domestic services. In addition, three phases may be identified in the arrival of a Flemish population in France and Wallonia: an emigration phase, an integration phase, and a redistribution phase. The last phase is also part of the urbanization process and is linked with upward social mobility.

Flemish emigration during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries is too complex to be dealt with definitively in a single article. Our main objective is to provide an overview of the migration towards France and Wallonia by looking at its chronology, and the spatial distribution of emigrants and their descendants. In this effort, patronym distribution is very helpful. As markers of migratory movements, patronyms from a collection of nominative lists give us a handle on migration flows as no other evidence can. Comparing France and Wallonia, the two destination areas, it is possible to see similarities between types of migrants: workers in heavy industry, workers in the agricultural sector, and workers engaged in domestic services. In addition, three phases may be identified in the arrival of a Flemish population in France and Wallonia: an emigration phase, an integration phase, and a redistribution phase. The last phase is also part of the urbanization process and is linked with upward social mobility.

13 páginas, 8 figuras.-- Scientific Council Meeting ; On July 1996 a fishing research survey was carried out over the Flemish Cap area (Northwest Atlantic) aboard the RN 'Comide de Saavedra". It was the ninth of a series of surveys conducted by the European Union since 1983 During this survey, salinity and temperature data were collected using a CTD sound. This report analyzes hydrographic conditions on the bank, as well as it describes three different water masses. First there Is the water around the bank, showing the typical features of Labrador Current's waters; secondly, the central water, originated by solar heat input on Labrador waters; and, finally, an unusual type of water which appears between 200 and 300 m and seems to be mixed with North Atlantic Current waters. ; Peer reviewed

9 páginas, 3 figuras, 5 tablas ; Data were obtained from 682 demersal trawls made between 126 and 738 m depths on Flemish Cap in summer during the European Union research surveys in the years 1989–94. Despite the fact that the depth range for all species was not completely covered, analysis of different deep distributions of the 25 most representative species showed that the fauna are zoned with depth. Three faunal assemblages with characteristic catch rates, diversity and dominant species were found on the shelf (126–300 m), upper continental slope (300– 600 m) and middle continental slope (>600 m). Catch rates were greatest on the shelf and upper continental slope, while diversity was greatest on the middle continental slope. Dominance of the commercial species Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), golden redfish (Sebastes marinus) and American plaice (Hippoglossoides platessoides) on the shelf, beaked redfish (Sebastes mentella) and Labrador redfish (Sebastes fasciatus) on upper continental slope, and Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) on the middle continental slope. This showed an important aspect of the community structure. Diversity patterns may be understood in terms of the relationships with predation, competition, environmental heterogeneity and trophic level. Also the influence of the fisheries in the area can modify this structure. On the size-depth correlations, only longnose eel (Synaphobranchus kaupy), longfin hake (Urophycis chestery), Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), beaked redfish (Sebastes mentella), golden redfish (Sebastes marinus) and Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) showed a significant 'bigger-deeper' relationship (i.e. larger fish in deeper strata), while spotted wolffish (Anarhichas minor) and witch flounder (Glyptocephalus cynoglossus) showed a negative 'smaller-deeper' relationship. ; Peer reviewed

Abstract
In 19th-century Belgium, cemeteries and burials gave rise to a major conflict between the Catholic Church and different kinds of secular people in Belgium. While these confrontations are quite well known in large urban environments, far less research has been produced about their counterparts in small-town settings. This article studies the options secular people had in those 'backwater' contexts in the province of Antwerp from the first secular burials in the 1860s up to the turn of the century. Following Albert Hirschman's 'voice / exit / loyalty'-scheme, we focus upon the choices that could be made and who could make them within the framework of local power relations. We will show how the particularities of social integration (or the lack thereof) generated the profiles of the individuals best equipped to break with Church-dominated community rituals and help to enforce local funerary policy transformations.