Cover -- Contents -- List of Illustrations -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Notes on the Contributors -- Introduction -- Part I: Hunting and Consuming Animals -- 1 'Our sep'rate Natures are the same': Reading Blood Sports in Irish Poetry of the Long Eighteenth Century -- 2 Quick Red Foxes: Irish Women Write the Hunt -- 3 Dennis O'Driscoll's Beef with the Celtic Tiger -- 4 Porcine Pasts and Bourgeois Pigs: Consumption and the Irish Counterculture -- Part II: Gender, Sexuality, and Animals
Zugriffsoptionen:
Die folgenden Links führen aus den jeweiligen lokalen Bibliotheken zum Volltext:
Knowledge of animal sentience is fundamental to many disciplines and imperative to the animal welfare movement. In this review, we examined what is being explored and discussed, regarding animal sentience, within the scientific literature. Rather than attempting to extract meaning from the many complex and abstract definitions of animal sentience, we searched over two decades of scientific literature using a peer-reviewed list of 174 keywords. The list consisted of human emotions, terminology associated with animal sentience, and traits often thought to be indicative of subjective states. We discovered that very little was actually being explored, and instead there was already much agreement about what animals can feel. Why then is there so much scepticism surrounding the science of animal sentience? Sentience refers to the subjective states of animals, and so is often thought to be impossible to measure objectively. However, when we consider that much of the research found to accept and utilise animal sentience is performed for the development of human drugs and treatment, it appears that measuring sentience is, after all, not quite as impossible as was previously thought. In this paper, we explored what has been published on animal sentience in the scientific literature and where the gaps in research lie. We drew conclusions on the implications for animal welfare science and argued for the importance of addressing these gaps in our knowledge. We found that there is a need for more research on positive emotional states in animals, and that there is still much to learn about taxa such as invertebrates. Such information will not only be useful in supporting and initiating legislative amendments but will help to increase understanding, and potentially positive actions and attitudes towards animals.
For thousands of years, in the myths and folktales of people around the world, animals have spoken in human tongues. Western and non-Western literary and folkloric traditions are filled with both speaking animals, some of whom even narrate or write their own autobiographies. Animals speak, famously, in children's stories and in cartoons and films, and today, social networking sites and blogs are both sites in which animals—primarily pets—write about their daily lives and interests. Speaking for Animals is a compilation of chapters written from a variety of disciplines that attempts to get a handle on this cross cultural and longstanding tradition of animal speaking and writing. It looks at speaking animals in literature, religious texts, poetry, social networking sites, comic books, and in animal welfare materials and even library catalogs, and addresses not just the "whys" of speaking animals, but the implications, for the animals and for ourselves.
AbstractOne of the most obvious deficiencies in the literature on the criminal justice system is reflected in the lack of research on the historical development of the police, courts, and corrections. Even more evident is the paucity of research which is theoretically or methodologically grounded. As a result of the failure of historians to specify their a priori assumptions, methodology, and theoretical perspective, it is difficult for consumers of the literature to appreciate how researchers have selectively sampled and interpreted historical events and arrived at their conclusions. This article addresses this problem by adapting and applying to historical research on the juvenile justice system some of the theoretical and methodological insights presented by Thomas S. Kuhn (1962) The Structure of Scientific Revolutions and George Ritzer (1975) Sociology: A Multiple Paradigm Science. The study focuses upon outlining the assumptions and methodology underlying three theoretical perspectives which have been consciously or unconsciously adopted by a majority of historical researchers: the march of progress, social context, and conflict perspectives. After outlining these perspectives, a selective review of the juvenile justice literature is offered in order to demonstrate how these orientations have been applied in interpreting the origin, development, operation, and impact of the juvenile court and juvenile reformatory. Finally, suggestions are offered which provide general guidelines for applying these perspectives to any aspect of the criminal justice system within an historical context.
Bone nonunion is observed when the healing of a fracture fails and all processes of biologic repair cease. It is a frequent complication during fracture treatment in small animals. Nonunions are classified as viable or nonviable, and most cases result from technical error (e.g., inadequate or inappropriate choice of the type of stabilization), poor vascularization, excessive distance between the fragments, infection, and systemic disease, or local as well as idiopathic factors. The diagnosis is made when there is no radiographic evidence of bone healing. This condition cannot be treated conservatively; rather, nonunions require surgical intervention involving removal of implants (besides exuberant callus removal), proper alignment, and compression of the fracture site. As bone nonunion remains a common problem in clinical practice, the objective of this paper is to review the pathophysiology and methods for treating of the condition.
Part I Kantian Foundations -- 1 What Is Promising About a Radical Kantian Animal Ethic -- 1.1 Kantianism for Animals -- 1.2 A Constructive, Revisionist, Radical Agenda -- 1.3 Limitations and Responses to Initial Worries -- 1.4 The Way Ahead -- References -- 2 Kantian Moral Concern, Love, and Respect -- 2.1 What Is Moral Concern Kantian-Style? -- 2.2 Kant's Taxonomy of Duties -- 2.3 Others' Happiness as an Obligatory End -- 2.4 Practical Love and Respect for Others -- 2.5 Kant's List of Duties Towards Others -- 2.6 Kant's Restorative Project in Moral Philosophy -- References -- 3 The Case Against Kant's 'Indirect Duty' Approach -- 3.1 Kant's 'Indirect' Account of Duties Regarding Animals -- 3.2 Structural Problems of Kant's Account -- 3.3 Substantive Shortcomings of Kant's Account -- 3.4 The Unhelpfulness of Kant's Account -- References -- Part II Building Kantianism for Animals -- 4 Is the Formula of Humanity the Problem? -- 4.1 Animals and the Formula of Humanity: Some Background -- 4.2 The Esteem-Concern Equivocation -- 4.3 Wood and Korsgaard Against the Esteem-Concern Equivocation -- 4.4 Obligatory Ends: How Kant Derives Duties to Others -- 4.5 What Is the Point of the Formula of Humanity, if Not Moral Concern? -- References -- 5 Animals and the 'Directionality' of Duties -- 5.1 Do We Truly 'Share' the Moral Law? Thompson's Challenge to Kant -- 5.2 First-Personal Versus Second-Personal Accounts of 'Directionality' -- 5.3 Rejecting Thompson's Challenge -- 5.4 Consent, Forgiveness, and Apologies Without Second-Personal Authority -- References -- 6 Kantian Moral Patients Without Practical Reason? -- 6.1 Duties of Respect Towards Moral Non-agents? -- 6.2 Adopting Another's Ends as Our Own -- 6.3 Kant's Denial of End-Directed Animal Agency -- 6.4 Animal 'Ends': Conceptual, Non-conceptual, 'Obscure' -- References -- 7 Kantianism for Animals: The Framework in Five Claims -- 7.1 Duties from Autonomy -- 7.2 The Primacy of Duties over Rights and Claims -- 7.3 Duties to Self and Others -- 7.4 Practical Love and Non-exaltation -- 7.5 Motives Matter -- References -- Part III Using the Framework -- 8 A Kantian Argument Against Using Animals -- 8.1 'External' Arguments Against Using Animals -- 8.2 A Kantian-for-Animals 'Internal' Argument Against Animal Use -- References -- 9 A Kantian Argument Against Eating Animals -- 9.1 The Philosophical Stalemate Regarding Vegetarianism -- 9.2 A Kantian-for-Animals Argument Against Eating Animals -- References -- 10 A Kantian Argument Against Environmental Destruction -- 10.1 Kant and the Environment: Previous Approaches -- 10.2 A Kantian-for-Animals Perspective on the Environment -- References -- 11 Animal Ethics and the Philosophical Canon: A Proposal -- References -- Index.
