Suchergebnisse

В статье рассмотрены традиции формирования философского образования в Санкт-Петербургском университете начиная с дореволюционного периода. Отмечается, что традиции могут носить закрытый и открытый характер, в первом случае они ориентированы на сохранение, консервацию ценностей, во втором они способны к изменениям. Образовательная культура диалектически сочетает обе тенденции, для ее понимания необходимо рассматривать культуру целостно. Традиция философского образования в Петербурге связана с первым светским учебным заведением университетом, созданным в 1724 г. Исследуются опыт и особенности организации учебного процесса по философии в Академическом университете, Императорском Санкт-Петербургском, Петроградском и Ленинградском университетах. Особо отмечена роль великого русского ученого и организатора науки М. В. Ломоносова в создании Петербургского и Московского университетов, развитии научной культуры России.В статье показаны некоторые главные традиции развития философского образования в университете: традиция развития отечественной философии под влиянием западноевропейской философии, концепций Канта, Гегеля, традиции демократизма и интернационализма в организации образования. Рассматривается и такой культурный феномен, как перерывы в формировании отечественной философии. Выделяются также традиции изучения в университете античной философии, логики, психологии, философии права, философии истории. Подчеркнуто, что процесс интенсивного становления философского образования в университете давал свои плоды. В начале ХХ в. развиваются оригинальные философские концепции Н. О. Лосского, С. Л. Франка, С. И. Поварнина. В учебном процессе значительное место занимают историко-философские курсы, но читаются и курсы логики, психологии, социальной философии.Особо рассматривается развитие философского образования в советский период. Отмечено, что за время существования философского факультета Ленинградского университета, несмотря на сложности, значительно выросло число студентов и преподавателей, была впервые создана система подготовки кадров философов-специалистов. Университет за это время стал центром подготовки философских кадров для вузов города и других регионов страны. Библиогр. 19 назв. ; The article deals with the formation of the tradition of philosophical education at St. Petersburg University, starting with the pre-revolutionary period. It is noted that a tradition can have both an open and closed character, in the first case, they are focused on the preservation and conservation of values, in the second, they are liable to change. Educational culture dialectically combines both tendencies, thus its culture must be approached holistically. The tradition of philosophical education in St. Petersburg is connected with the first secular educational institution university, established in 1724. We study the experience and characteristics of the organization of educational process in philosophy at the Academic University, the Imperial St. Petersburg, Petrograd and Leningrad universities. Especially analyzed the role of the great Russian scientist and organizer of science M. V. Lomonosov in the creation of St. Petersburg and Moscow universities, the development of Russia's scientific culture.This article shows some of the main traditions of philosophical education at the university: the tradition of Russian philosophy, its development under the influence of Western philosophy, concepts of Kant and Hegel, and the tradition of democracy and internationalism in education organization. And it considers such cultural phenomena as ruptures in the formation of Russian philosophy. It also examines the university's tradition of studying ancient philosophy, logic, psychology, philosophy of law, and the history of philosophy. It has been emphasized that the process of intensive formation of philosophical education at the university bore its fruit. In the early twentieth century, original concepts by N. O. Lossky, S. L. Frank, S. I. Povarnin were developed. A significant place in the educational process is occupied by history of philosophy courses, logic, psychology, and social philosophy.Special attention is devoted to the development of philosophical education in the Soviet period. It is noted that during the existence of the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Leningrad, despite difficulties, the number of students and teachers significantly increased, there was first set up the system of training specialists philosophers. The University during that time became a center of philosophical training of personnel for universities of the city and other regions of the country. Refs 19.

En el presente artículo sostenemos que existe una estrecha relación entre la concepción de individuo que reivindicamos y el modo que tenemos de entender nuestra relación con los otros y, más específicamente, el modo en que concebimos el vínculo político, es decir, los fines o propósitos que pensamos perseguimos al hacer parte de una comunidad o sociedad política. Bajo esta premisa, hemos examinado el pensamiento político de John Locke a la luz de la concepción posesiva del individuo, tal como fue presentada por C.B. Macpherson en su obra The Political Theory of Possessive Individualism, con miras, fundamentalmente, a develar la noción de 'sociedad política' propuesta por Locke y a señalar los límites que dicha concepción del individuo impone a la vida política y a nuestra noción de ciudadanía.

The religious factor occupies the remarkable place in the political process of state. The end of the XX-the beginning of the XXI century has been affected by the attraction to the strengthening of trends of the mutual usage by these worlds all possible resources for the achievement of the personal strategic goals. The role of religious organizations in the parliamentary and presidential election campaigns of the recent years has been examined. The official positions of the religious organizations in which the tendency to the separation of the spiritual and political life is clearly traced. It has been emphasized the active involvement of the religious organizations in the political life of the regional and district levels, local communities, which quite often openly support certain candidates, or parties.It is found out, on the example of the Volyn region, that quite not uncommon are the cases of the direct participation of the religious organizations' representatives in the struggle for the deputy mandates in the bodies of government of the different levels. These tendencies are mostly expressed on the districts' levels.For the first time the representatives of the priesthood won the deputy mandates in the district councils of Volyn region in 1994 (local councils of the second convocation). Characteristically, that starting from the given convocation the clergy had constant representation in the district councils despite the changes of electoral system to the local councils, though the cases of the membership in the political parties had been extremely rare.The investigation showed, that the summarizing of the results of election campaigns to the local councils, in this section, is being possible only at the regional level, as in the councils of some areas there were not clergy representatives in any of convocation. ; The religious factor occupies the remarkable place in the political process of state. The end of the XX-the beginning of the XXI century has been affected by the attraction to the strengthening of trends of the mutual usage by these worlds all possible resources for the achievement of the personal strategic goals. The role of religious organizations in the parliamentary and presidential election campaigns of the recent years has been examined. The official positions of the religious organizations in which the tendency to the separation of the spiritual and political life is clearly traced. It has been emphasized the active involvement of the religious organizations in the political life of the regional and district levels, local communities, which quite often openly support certain candidates, or parties.It is found out, on the example of the Volyn region, that quite not uncommon are the cases of the direct participation of the religious organizations' representatives in the struggle for the deputy mandates in the bodies of government of the different levels. These tendencies are mostly expressed on the districts' levels.For the first time the representatives of the priesthood won the deputy mandates in the district councils of Volyn region in 1994 (local councils of the second convocation). Characteristically, that starting from the given convocation the clergy had constant representation in the district councils despite the changes of electoral system to the local councils, though the cases of the membership in the political parties had been extremely rare.The investigation showed, that the summarizing of the results of election campaigns to the local councils, in this section, is being possible only at the regional level, as in the councils of some areas there were not clergy representatives in any of convocation.

В статье рассматриваются процессы становления гражданского образования в России, ста-вшей на путь формирования демократического, правового государства, совершенствования законодательства и модернизации правовых отношений гражданского общества, что должно способствовать готовности личности жить в новых экономических и социально-политических условиях. Процессы становления гражданского образования в современной России актуализируются на фоне сложных политических событий в мире и обществе, сегодня стал очевиден тот факт, что для сохранения и спасения демократии необходимо формировать эффективную систему гражданского образования. ; This article examines the process of formation of civic education in Russia, embarked on the way of building a democratic, law-based state, improvement of legislation and modernization of the lawful relations of the civil society, which should facilitate the willingness of the individual to live in the new economic and socio-political conditions. The process of formation of civic education in modern Russia is updated on the background of complex political events in the world and in the society and it has become obvious that it is necessary to form an effective system of civic education for the preservation and redemption of democracy.

This article develops contextually grounded accounts of emancipation in general and notions of collective rights based emancipation in particular by identifying a form of emancipatory politics in which collectives demand rights for themselves. The article develops the idea of collective, rights based emancipation by focusing on the practices of two related social movements, the Landless Workers Movement (MST) and la Via Campesina. The MST and Via Campesina seek to replace existing rights to 'food security' with a human right to 'food sovereignty'. While food security agendas emphasise the role of international governance agencies in providing food on behalf of others, food sovereignty is secured by peasant social movements themselves. Furthermore, practices of active citizenship and democratic organisational structures, built through the grassroots and transnational struggles through which peasants raise their demand for human rights, are vital in enacting rights to food sovereignty. In instances where victims are not entirely silenced and powerless, this combination of a demand for human rights and the development of practices of citizenship that enable people to demand and secure rights for themselves provides a contextually grounded emancipatory alternative to interventionist politics that, however well intentioned, risk reinforcing the dependence of purportedly powerless victims. Adapted from the source document.

Tras la inmolacion del joven Mohamed Bouazizi, en varios Estados del norte de Africa se iniciaron una serie de protestas que provocaron la caida de los regimenes autoritarios en Tunez, Libia y Egipto. Las autoridades que asumieron provisionalmente el poder, tras reconocer una serie de derechos y libertades publicas a los ciudadanos, organizaron procesos electorales dirigidos a democratizar sus instituciones y posibilitar la elaboracion de nuevos textos constitucionales. El presente estudio analiza y compara, desde una perspectiva juridica, las normas electorales que se utilizaron en los procesos de transicion democratica en los tres citados paises After the immolation of young Mohamed Bouazizi, a series of protests in several States of North Africa began that forced the fall of the authoritarian regimes in Tunisia, Libya and Egypt. Authorities who temporarily took the power organized electoral processes aimed to democratize its institutions and allow the development of new constitutional texts after recognizing several rights and liberties to citizens. This study analyses and compares, from a legal perspective, the electoral rules used in the processes of democratic transition in the above mentioned countries. Adapted from the source document.