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Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- About The Handbook of Natural Resources -- Acknowledgments -- Aims and Scope -- Editor -- Contributors -- Section I: Fresh Water and Hydrology -- 1 Aquifers: Groundwater Storage -- Introduction -- Compressibility -- Confined Aquifer Storage -- Unconfined Aquifer Storage -- Confining Units -- Three-Dimensional Storage -- Conclusion -- References -- Bibliography -- 2 Aquifers: Recharge -- Introduction -- Water Budget Methods -- Methods Based on Surface Water or Ground Water Data -- Darcian Methods -- Tracer Methods -- Other Methods -- References -- 3 Artificial Reservoirs: Land Cover Change on Local Climate -- Introduction -- Is the Impact of Dams Detectable from Observational Records? -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 4 Drainage and Water Quality -- Environmental Conditions -- Pollutant Properties -- Management Practices -- Conclusion -- References -- 5 Endorheic Lake Dynamics: Remote Sensing -- Introduction -- Global Distribution of Endorheic Lakes -- Remote Sensing Monitoring of Endorheic Lakes -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 6 Eutrophication -- Introduction -- Cultural Eutrophication -- Rate of Eutrophication -- Effects of Eutrophication -- Reduction and Management -- References -- 7 Evaporation: Lakes and Large Bodies of Water -- Introduction -- Techniques for Measuring Lake Evaporation -- Estimation of Evaporation -- References -- 8 Evaporation and Energy Balance -- Introduction -- Energy Balance and Water Availability -- Determination of the Surface Energy Balance -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- 9 Field Water Supply and Balance -- Introduction -- Water Balance Components -- Applications -- Conclusion -- References -- 10 Hydrologic Cycle -- Processes and Pathways -- Energy Sources.

Fresh water is an environmental, economic, social, and cultural commodity. This book provides a thorough assessment of its protection, management, and uses in international law. It explores the international, regional, and national regulatory frameworks that make up the international legal regime regulating fresh water.

THIS ARTICLE EXPLORES THE NATIONAL SECURITY IMPLICATIONS OF FRESH WATER RESOURCES AND IT REVIEWS THE LINKS BETWEEN WATER AND CONFLICT. IT OUTLINES HOW WE MIGHT ASSESS WHEN AND WHERE WATER-RELATED CONFLICTS ARE MOST LIKELY TO OCCUR. INTERNATIONAL LAW FOR RESOLVING WATER-RELATED DISPUTES MUST PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE AND THE ARTICLE OUTLINES RECENT ADVANCES IN DEVELOPING PRINCIPLES FOR MANAGING INTERNATIONALLY SHARED WATER RESOURCES. THEIR STRENGHTS AND SHORTCOMING ARE ASSESSED, ALONG WITH THEIR ABILITY TO DEAL WITH THE KINDS OF UNCERTAINTIES THAT WILL INCREASINGLY DOMINATE INTERSTATE CONFLICT.

Factors and issues to consider in assessing when and where water-related conflicts are most likely to occur.

This article analyzes the issues relating to Georgia's fresh mineral water supplies, their unproductive use today, and the daily increase in demand for these resources in Europe. Based on this, the authors offer possible alternatives for transporting fresh mineral water from Georgia to Europe by means of a water pipeline and present several preliminary feasibility parameters of this project. The authors think the project will be economically profitable for all the interested parties, including Georgia. In addition to the direct economic benefit, Georgia will significantly raise its role as a partner of the European Union, which will help to accelerate its integration into the EU and NATO.

The Concerns for Global Sustainability of Freshwater Ecosystems -- Freshwater Pollution: Effects on Aquatic Life and Human Health -- Freshwater contamination: sources and hazards to aquatic biota -- Correlation Between Pollution Trends of Freshwater Bodies and Bacterial Disease of Fish Fauna -- Impact of Pollution on Quality of Freshwater Ecosystems -- Heavy metal intrusion and accumulation in aquatic ecosystems -- Impact of climate change on freshwater ecosystem and its sustainable management -- Role of biotools in restoration of freshwater ecosystems Bioremediation -- A Sustainable and Emerging Tool for Restoration of Polluted Aquatic Ecosystems -- Biosorption as Environmentally Friendly Technique for Heavy Metal Removal from Wastewater -- Biotechnological interventions as an aquatic clean up tool -- Analysis of hydrology, sediment retention, biogenic-calcification and -scavenging as self-remediative lacustrine functions -- Remediation of pesticides through microbial and phytoremediation techniques -- Trends in Phyto-management of Aquatic Ecosystems and Evaluation of Factors Affecting Removal of Inorganic Pollutants from Water Bodies -- Urban Pond Ecosystems: Preservation and Management Through Phytoremediation -- Aquatic Pollution Stress and Role of Biofilms as Environment Cleanup Technology -- Wonders of Nanotechnology for Remediation of Polluted Aquatic Environs

Introduction -- There is a looming global fresh water shortage / Paul Alois -- To solve the looming fresh water shortage, people must learn not to take water for granted / Charles Fishman -- Desalination is part of the solution to fresh water shortages / McKinley Conway -- Desalination is too expensive to be a solution to fresh water shortages / Kris De Decker -- Desalination threatens the environment and public health food & water watch -- Human ingenuity will eventually solve the looming fresh water shortage / Brian Fagan -- Fresh water is becoming a privatized commodity instead of a public trust / Jeneen Interlandi with Ryan Tracy -- Fresh water should be treated as a commodity / Peter Brabeck-Letmathe -- Fresh water should be treated as a human right / Maude Barlow -- Access to fresh water may spark conflict in the Middle East / Daniel Darling -- Access to fresh water is a contentious issue in the Israel-Palestine conflict / Wilson Dizard -- Middle Eastern governments must adopt better fresh water conservation practices / Jon B. Alterman and Michael Dziuban -- Fresh water access can present opportunities for international cooperation / Karin R. Bencala and Geoffrey D. Dabelko -- Organizations to contact -- Bibliography -- Index

Chapter 1. Freshwater microbiology: recent updates and prospects -- Chapter 2. The Chemical Composition of the Water in the Rivers, Lakes, and Wetlands of Uttarakhand -- Chapter 3. Microbial diversity of cold-water reservoirs and their prospective applications -- Chapter 4. Overview of microbial associations and their role under aquatic ecosystems -- Chapter 5. Plant-microbe interaction in Freshwater ecosystem for improving water quality -- Chapter 6. Microbial interactions with aquatic plants -- Chapter 7. Status of Microplastic pollution in the freshwater ecosystems -- Chapter 8. Heavy metal pollution in water: Cause and remediation strategies -- Chapter 9. Recent advances in biological wastewater treatment -- Chapter 10. Recent developments in wastewater treatments -- Chapter 11. Wastewater treatment: perspective and advancements -- Chapter 12. Overview of methods and processes used in waste water treatment -- Chapter 13. Role of microorganisms in polluted water treatment -- Chapter 14. Bioremediation of Polluted water -- Chapter 15. Pollution in freshwater: Impact and Prevention -- Chapter 16. Fresh water pollution: overview, prevention and control -- Chapter 17. Iron Degrading Bacteria in the Aquatic Environment: Current Trends and Future Directions -- Chapter 18. Bioactive compounds from aquatic ecosystem -- Chapter 19. Freshwater BGA: A potential candidate for sustainable agriculture and environment for the welfare of future planet earth -- Chapter 20. Factors affecting Fish migration.