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Garifuna live in Central America, primarily Honduras, and the United States. Identified as Black by others and by themselves, they also claim indigenous status and rights in Latin America. Examining this set of paradoxes, Mark Anderson shows how, on the one hand, Garifuna embrace discourses of tradition, roots, and a paradigm of ethnic political struggle. On the other hand, Garifuna often affirm blackness through assertions of African roots and affiliations with Blacks elsewhere, drawing particularly on popular images of U.S. blackness embodied by hip-hop music and culture.Black and Indigenous

Preface: Welcoming : Garifuna hospitality / Serena Cosgrove and José (Chepe) Idiáquez -- Introduction: Being Garifuna / Leonard Joseph Bent -- Persisting : Garifuna histories / Serena Cosgrove and José (Chepe) Idiáquez -- Framing : decolonial intersectionality / Serena Cosgrove -- Rooting : Garifuna connection to nature / Serena Cosgrove, Andrew Gorvetzian, José (Chepe) Idiáquez, and Leonard Joseph -- Believing : Garifuna spirituality / José (Chepe) Idiáquez -- Routing : youth persistence / Andrew Gorvetzian -- Rooting, routing, and believing : Garifuna persistence in Nicaragua, Honduras, and New York City / Serena Cosgrove, Andrew Gorvetzian, José (Chepe) Idiáquez, and Leonard Joseph -- Unlearning/relearning : decolonial methodologies / Serena Cosgrove.

The Garifuna people today live all along the Caribbean littoral of Central America, from Belize, through Guatemala and Honduras down to Nicaragua, and also in some of the biggest cities of the United States. For more than two hundred years they have preserved their unique culture and language--the direct descendant of that spoken in the islands at the time of Columbus. All of them, however, trace their origin back to the island of St. Vincent--Youroumaÿn in their own language--where shipwrec