Suchergebnisse

International audience ; Since the 18th century, the Garifuna, born of the crossbreeding between Africans and Caribes indigenous during the colonial period, have lived along the Caribbean shores of four countries of Central America (Belize, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicargua). Through a constant migratory process that began around the mid-fifties, the vast majority of them live now in the United States. The transnationality, which is due to its territorialization within Central America and to its recent presence in the United States, has always come along with an intense circulation of identity symbols. These symbols are composed of various ethnoracial representations that have changed under the influence of political and social process at a national, regional or global scale, to finally become a generic identity as Afrodescendant people. ; Les Garifuna, produits du métissage entre africains et indigènes Caribes au cours de la période coloniale, vivent depuis le XVIIIème siècle sur le littoral caribéen de quatre pays d'Amérique Centrale (Belize, Guatemala, Honduras et Nicaragua). Suite à un processus migratoire constant qui a débuté vers les années 1950/ la moitié du XXème siècle, la plupart d'entre eux habitent actuellement aux États-Unis. La transnationalité, qui a pour origine sa territorialisation en Amérique Centrale et sa présence récente aux États-Unis, s'est toujours accompagné d'une forte circulation de symboles identitaires. Ces symboles se composent de diverses représentations ethno-raciales qui se sont transformées sous l'incidence de processus politiques et sociaux d'ordre national, régional ou global jusqu'à devenir une identification au sens générique comme peuple afrodescendant.

International audience ; Since the 18th century, the Garifuna, born of the crossbreeding between Africans and Caribes indigenous during the colonial period, have lived along the Caribbean shores of four countries of Central America (Belize, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicargua). Through a constant migratory process that began around the mid-fifties, the vast majority of them live now in the United States. The transnationality, which is due to its territorialization within Central America and to its recent presence in the United States, has always come along with an intense circulation of identity symbols. These symbols are composed of various ethnoracial representations that have changed under the influence of political and social process at a national, regional or global scale, to finally become a generic identity as Afrodescendant people. ; Les Garifuna, produits du métissage entre africains et indigènes Caribes au cours de la période coloniale, vivent depuis le XVIIIème siècle sur le littoral caribéen de quatre pays d'Amérique Centrale (Belize, Guatemala, Honduras et Nicaragua). Suite à un processus migratoire constant qui a débuté vers les années 1950/ la moitié du XXème siècle, la plupart d'entre eux habitent actuellement aux États-Unis. La transnationalité, qui a pour origine sa territorialisation en Amérique Centrale et sa présence récente aux États-Unis, s'est toujours accompagné d'une forte circulation de symboles identitaires. Ces symboles se composent de diverses représentations ethno-raciales qui se sont transformées sous l'incidence de processus politiques et sociaux d'ordre national, régional ou global jusqu'à devenir une identification au sens générique comme peuple afrodescendant.

In Central America, several groups received political autonomy at the end of the 20th century. By granting autonomy to these groups, countries like Nicaragua acknowledged certain populations as members of distinct ethnic groups. This was not the case for every country in the region, and the lack of effective policy making ethno-racial considerations in politics across Central America has led to language attrition, loss of land and water rights, and the commodification of historic communities. Means' presentation focuses on Honduras as a unique site of ethno-racial and socio-cultural policy making, group identity making and unmaking, and group rights for the Garifuna.

In Central America, several groups received political autonomy at the end of the 20th century. By granting autonomy to these groups, countries like Nicaragua acknowledged certain populations as members of distinct ethnic groups. This was not the case for every country in the region, and the lack of effective policy making ethno-racial considerations in politics across Central America has led to language attrition, loss of land and water rights, and the commodification of historic communities. Means' presentation focuses on Honduras as a unique site of ethno-racial and socio-cultural policy making, group identity making and unmaking, and group rights for the Garifuna.

El presente estudio trata de las tradiciones que configuran la identidad cultural de los garífunas/garinagu asentados actualmente en el territorio nicaragüense y tiene como finalidad apoyar a la revitalización de su lengua y cultura.
Se confirma la existencia de portadoras y portadores activos que contribuyen a la recopilación del conocimiento oral con quienes se abordan temas como: alimentación, vida cotidiana, juegos infantiles, organización social, relaciones de parentesco, economía, educación, fiestas y rituales, instrumentos musicales, manifestaciones artísticas, medicina tradicional, migraciones y vivienda.

ABSTRACT
The present study deals with the traditions that shape the cultural identity of the Gariphuna/Garinagu currently settled in Nicaraguan territory and are intended to support the revitalization of their language and culture.
It confirms the existence of active bearers that contribute to the collection of oral knowledge who covers topics like: diet, daily life, playgrounds, social organization, kinship, economy, education, festivals and rituals, musical instruments, artistic, traditional medicine, migration and housing.

The Garifuna people today live all along the Caribbean littoral of Central America, from Belize, through Guatemala and Honduras down to Nicaragua, and also in some of the biggest cities of the United States. For more than two hundred years they have preserved their unique culture and language--the direct descendant of that spoken in the islands at the time of Columbus. All of them, however, trace their origin back to the island of St. Vincent--Youroumaÿn in their own language--where shipwrec