Suchergebnisse

Una visión panorámica de nuestro plan de setudios nos permitió identificar los distintos niveles de las asignaturas, en siguiente orden: Primer orden: estudios generales institucionales. Segundo orden: estudios generales de la facultad de ciencias jurídicas y políticas. Terecer nivel: Estudios generales del programa de Derecho. Caurto orden: Estudios especiales. ; A panoramic view of our study plan allowed us to identify the different levels of the subjects, in the following order: First order: general institutional studies. Second order: general studies of the faculty of legal and political sciences. Third level: General studies of the Law program.

By its nature, the historical novel constitutes an interdisciplinary tool, since it converges a set of knowledge that closely touches different areas of knowledge, and as such plays a very important role in General Studies. This proposal is specifically circumscribed in the field of General Studies, taking into account that from them "inter and transdisciplinarity" are promoted. Due to its educational potential, the historical novel as an interdisciplinary tool plays an important role in the construction of citizenship and democracy, which is an aspiration of General Studies. The objective pursued through this work is: To highlight the value of the historical novel as an interdisciplinary tool for the articulation of different areas of knowledge. The expository and argumentative nature of this work is based on the research, reading, analysis and consultation of different bibliographic sources that corroborate the educational value of literature as the setting of which the historical novel is part, as well as the specific benefits that working with the historical novel relies on the exemplification and clarification of the knowledge implicit in the historical novel from a specific one: The kingdom of this world by Alejo Carpentier. In summary, this article will allow to approach the historical novel and literature from a different perspective: resources through which they can articulate knowledge from the different areas converging on them. ; Por su naturaleza, la novela histórica constituye una herramienta interdisciplinar, puesto que en ella converge un conjunto de saberes que tocan de cerca distintas áreas del conocimiento y como tal, juega un papel importantísimo en los Estudios Generales. Esta propuesta se circunscribe específicamente en el ámbito de los estudios Generales tomando en cuenta que desde ellos se promueve "la inter y la transdisciplinariedad". El objetivo que se persigue a través de este estudio es promover la novela histórica como herramienta interdisciplinar para la articulación de diferentes ...

The article
is devoted to studying the perception of a literary text
(hereinafter referred to as LT), which is relevant for the current state of literature
research, as projected on the theoretical prerequisites of the domestic prehistory of
European receptive aesthetics. Russian philology has developed two approaches to
LT — the psychological ("Russian psychological school" by A.A. Potebnya and his
followers) and the purely formal ("Russian formal school" of the language — OPOYAZ) ones. Cognitive poetics as the mainstream modern fi eld of literature studies
combines these approaches in the light of the goals that it sets for itself: the study of
both the formal and semantic organization of the text and its understanding by the
reader. Th e focus of the study into a work of literature is its understanding, therefore,
the meaning of the text turns out to be a scientific priority, as well as the development
of algorithms for its reconstruction in the reader's perception. In this regard, the
terminological apparatus is of particular importance, assuming the differentiation
of the terms of the triad "apprehension-perception-reception". Studying reader's
perception particularly focuses on L.S. Vygotsky's concept of the influence of the
text's rhythm on reader.

Although it is true that there are no perfect democracies, we can assert there are democracies more democratized than others. However, how to democratize democracies remains to be discovered. In this article, supported by a comparative analysis between the concept of citizenship and philosophical education (or education in philosophy), two hypotheses are proposed regarding the democratizing nature of education and the role that General Studies must fulfill from its political dimension. In conclusion -and supported by authors such as Robert Alan Dahl and Carlos S. Nino, especially- the transdisciplinary bond that unites philosophical education, citizenship status, human development indices and social justice will be exposed. ; Si bien es cierto que no existen las democracias perfectas, sí podemos afirmar que existen las democracias más o menos democratizadas. Sin embargo, queda por descubrir el modo de democratizar las democracias. En este artículo, apoyados en un análisis comparativo entre el concepto ciudadanía y educación filosófica (o educación en filosofía), se plantean dos hipótesis relativas al carácter democratizador de la educación y al papel que deben cumplir los Estudios Generales desde su dimensión política. Como conclusión, y respaldado por autores como Robert Alan Dahl y Carlos S. Nino, especialmente, se expondrá el lazo transdisciplinar que aúna la educación filosófica, el estatus de ciudadanía, los índices de desarrollo humano y justicia social.

The concept of general interest is firmly implanted in our Constitution and in our legal texts. The clause "general interests" legitimizes the action of government and the very existence of the State as well as its powers to limit the spheres of freedom of citizens. However, our legal system does not offer a definition of what general interests are. In this study we try to find the characteristics that allow us to orient the administrative action towards the satisfaction of the general interests as well as to identify the elements that construct the concept. ; El concepto de interés general está sólidamente implantado en nuestra Constitución y en nuestro textos legales. La cláusula "intereses generales" legitima la acción de gobierno y la existencia misma del Estado, así como sus poderes de limitación de las esferas de libertad de los ciudadanos. Sin embargo, nuestro ordenamiento jurídico no ofrece una definición de lo que son los intereses generales. En este estudio se intentan encontrar las características que permiten orientar la acción administrativa hacia la satisfacción de los intereses generales, así como identificar los elementos que construyen el concepto.

Der Beitrag besteht aus der Analyse der historischen Gesetzgebung bezüglich sowohl der Regierung als auch des Verwaltungspersonals und des Dienstleistungspersonals der Universität (Rektor, Universitätsrat, Kanzler, Lehrkörper, Zeremonienmeister, Hausmeister, Estacionarios, Chef der Verwaltung, Sekretäre/ Schreibpersonal, Apotheker, Bauleiter, Portier, Straßenkehrer, Gemeindediener, Direktor und königliche Buchprüfer etc.), vom Titel XXXI des zweiten Teils der Siete Partidas Alfons' X bis hin zum Gesetz 14/1970 vom 04. August des Generals für Bildung und Finanzen der spanischen Bildungsreform. ; The work involves the analysis of historical legislation on both the Government and the Administration and Services of the University (Rector, Counsellors, Cancelario, Cloister, Masters of Ceremonies, janitors, Stationary, Butlers, Scribes, Apothecaries, Masters of works, porter, sweeper , Sheriff of quietness, Directors and Royal Auditors, etc…), from Title XXXI of the second Partida of Alfonso X, to the Law 14/1970, August 4th, on General Education and Spanish Education Funding Reform. ; El trabajo consiste en el análisis de la legislación histórica relativa tanto al Gobierno como al Personal de Administración y Servicios de la Universidad (Rector, Consiliarios, Cancelario, Claustro, Maestros de ceremonias, Bedeles, Estacionarios, Mayordomos, Escribanos, Boticarios, Maestros de obras, Portero, Barrendero, Alguacil del sosiego, Directores y Censores Regios, etc.), desde el Título XXXI de la segunda Partida de Alfonso X hasta la Ley 14/1970 de 4/agosto General de Educación y Financiamiento de la Reforma Educativa española. ; Analyse de la législation historique rélative au gouvernement et à l'administration et des services de l'Université ( Recteur, conseillers, Chancellier, Cloître, Emcees, concierges, scribes, apothicaires, maîtres d'oeuvres, portiers, balayeurs, le gardien de la calme, administrateurs et commissaires aux comptes royales, etc), dès le titre XXXI de la deuxième Partida d'Alphonse X jusqu'à la loi 14/1970 4 Aôut sur l'enseignement général et financement de la réforme de l'éducation espagnole.

This writing sustains that the initial studies in the universities of the American hemisphere are the indispensable point of support to humanize the "subiectum" of all its students and, thus, promote the exercise of democratic citizenship. To do this, he methodologically proceeds from a succinct diagnosis of the political world and then analyzes the relationship between that reality and the current university model in the American region. The conclusion of such research establishes what is the instrumental role of the preparatory university level as oriented to train the human subject and transform the political work of our so-called democratic societies in fieri. ; Este escrito sustenta que los estudios iniciales en las universidades del hemisferio americano son el punto de apoyo indispensable para humanizar el `subiectum´ de todos sus estudiantes y, así, promover el ejercicio responsable de ciudadanía democrática. Para ello, procede metodológicamente de un diagnóstico sucinto del mundo político y entonces analiza de manera contrastante la relación existente entre esa realidad y el modelo universitario vigente en la región. La conclusión de la pesquisa establece cuál es el papel instrumental del nivel universitario propedéutico en tanto que orientado a formar al sujeto humano y transformar el quehacer político de nuestras pretendidas sociedades democráticas in fieri.

The second part of the article is devoted to the phenomenon of surprise, which is significant for studying the reader's perception of a literary text (CT) and for understanding estrangement (ostranneniе) not only as a literary device, but also as a certain state of the reader's consciousness. In the ambiguous interpretation of this state of the human psyche, taken in the status of both basic emotion and intellectual assessment, by modern psychology, there is no contradiction, since an attempt to understand the world is accompanied by the experience of an intentional object, if it does not begin with it. However, the new, the unknown, being the objectcause of surprise as an intellectual-cognitive state of consciousness, induces opposite emotional reactions in different people - like (acceptance up to delight) and hostility (rejection up to irritation). It is these emotional epiphenomena of surprise that can serve as an argument for distinguishing within the considered intellectual state «surprise+», when the new causes emotional acceptance and intellectual interest, and «surprise-», when the new causes such emotional rejection that leaves no room for the cognitive aspirations of the mind. Speech examples of the emotional ambivalence of surprise are presented both in Russian and in other languages. Particular attention is paid to the connection between the concept of 'surprise' and the concept of 'estrangement' (ostranneniе), as well as their connection with the author's position. Th e formation of the text also has a cognitive-aesthetic reason, which consists in the author's understanding of life through surprise in its two forms - acceptance and rejection (as a rule, in their complex interweaving), and a formalaesthetic goal, confirmed by draft s. The study of the material made it possible to come to the conclusion that the surprise of the author (in any of the author's artistic incarnations) with his diametrically opposed epiphenomena is the reason for the estrangement as a verbal-compositional embodiment of this mode of consciousness in CT. At the same time, «surprise-» dominates and the method of estrangement adequate to it in the linguistic embodiment given within the framework of this type of surprise.

The second part of the article is devoted to the phenomenon of surprise,
which is significant for studying the reader's perception of a literary text (CT) and
for understanding estrangement (ostrannenie) not only as a literary device, but also
as a certain state of the reader's consciousness. In the ambiguous interpretation of
this state of the human psyche, taken in the status of both basic emotion and intellectual assessment, by modern psychology, there is no contradiction, since an attempt
to understand the world is accompanied by the experience of an intentional object,
if it does not begin with it. However, the new, the unknown, being the object-cause
of surprise as an intellectual-cognitive state of consciousness, induces opposite
emotional reactions in different people — like (acceptance up to delight) and hostility (rejection up to irritation). It is these emotional epiphenomena of surprise that
can serve as an argument for distinguishing within the considered intellectual state
«surprise+», when the new causes emotional acceptance and intellectual interest,
and «surprise–», when the new causes such emotional rejection that leaves no room
for the cognitive aspirations of the mind. Speech examples of the emotional ambivalence of surprise are presented both in Russian and in other languages. Particular attention is paid to the connection between the concept of 'surprise' and the
concept of 'estrangement' (ostrannenie), as well as their connection with the author's
position. The formation of the text also has a cognitive-aesthetic reason, which
consists in the author's understanding of life through surprise in its two forms —
acceptance and rejection (as a rule, in their complex interweaving), and a formal-aesthetic goal, confirmed by draft s. The study of the material made it possible to come
to the conclusion that the surprise of the author (in any of the author's artistic incarnations) with his diametrically opposed epiphenomena is the reason for the estrangement as a verbal-compositional embodiment of this mode of consciousness
in CT. At the same time, «surprise–» dominates and the method of estrangement
adequate to it in the linguistic embodiment given within the framework of this type
of surprise.

ilustraciones a color, fotografías, diagramas ; El presente texto reúne los cuatro componentes del trabajo de grado para optar al título de Magíster en Museología y Gestión del Patrimonio en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. En primer término, el trabajo conceptual analiza el escaso nivel de protección de los museos en la legislación de cinco países de Iberoamérica, a partir de la caracterización de diez categorías principales y seis transversales que hacen del museo un sistema complejo local; la investigación revela que, en la mayoría de los casos, no es el museo en cuanto sistema el que está protegido sino sólo sus componentes patrimoniales materiales (las colecciones y los edificios), siendo básicamente concebido como instrumento de apoyo a la educación formal, al turismo y a la preservación del patrimonio. La propuesta presenta elementos centrales para estructurar una futura ley marco orientada a proteger e impulsar los museos colombianos como espacios para el ejercicio de los derechos culturales. Las memorias de Estancia y Práctica recogen el análisis crítico de dos procesos relevantes en la transformación organizacional del Museo Nacional de Colombia en las últimas décadas: la estructuración del organigrama actual (1994/1996) y el diagnóstico de sus áreas de trabajo durante 1999 como base para el diseño del plan estratégico 2001-2010. Finalmente, la memoria del trabajo colaborativo describe un proyecto museográfico, realizado en conjunto con los estudiantes Diana Galindo Cruz y Carlos Alberto González Buitrago, el cual pone en diálogo piezas de distintos museos y colecciones de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, en torno a tres líneas curatoriales: historia política de la Universidad, valoración del patrimonio cultural, y patrimonio académico. ; The present text gathers the four components of the final work required for the Master Degree in Museology and Cultural Heritage Management in the National University of Colombia. First, the conceptual paper analyzes the low level of museum's protection in the legislation of five Ibero-American countries, based on the characterization of ten main categories and six transversal ones which compose the museum as a local complex system; the research reveals that, in most cases, the museum as a system is not protected, but only its material heritage components (buildings and collections), while it is conceived as a support instrument for formal education, tourism and heritage preservation. The proposition comprises central elements to structure a future general law, in order to protect and promote Colombian museums as spaces for the exercise of cultural rights. Second and third, the memories of Internship and academic Practice assemble the critical analysis of two relevant processes in the organizational transformation of the National Museum of Colombia during the last decades: the construction of the current organizational chart (1994/1996) and the diagnosis of its working areas during 1999, as basis for the design process of its Strategic Plan 2001-2010. Finally, the memory of collaborative work describes a museographical project, made with the students Diana Galindo-Cruz and Carlos-Alberto González-Buitrago, setting in dialogue some objects from different museums and collections of the National University of Colombia, around three curatorial lines: political history of the University, cultural heritage valuation, and academic heritage. ; Maestría ; Magíster en Museología y Gestión del Patrimonio