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2015 is an exceptional year. It is the Centennial April 24, 1915, the centennial of the genocide. The April 24, 2015, I will be in Yerevan. I will not be on my own behalf but on behalf of France. The April 24, 1915, a tragedy was committed. The brightest personalities of the Armenian community were first arrested. Among them, there were Komitas and it is around the monument to Komitas in Paris you find you all on April 24. The destruction of a people always starts the same way. By destroying its spirit, its culture, by the denial of his knowledge and the men and women who embody. Then the process is unfortunately established. Women, men are killed, murdered because they are Armenians, murdered because they were Jews, murdered because they are not in an organized society, in a profession or in a culture, no, because they are what they are. Adapted from the source document.

During the twentieth century, Germany was involved in two and a half genocide: it is directly guilty of one perpetrated between 1904 and 1908 against the Herero, the Nama, San and other peoples in its former colony the 'South -West '(now Namibia), as well as the extermination of Jews and Gypsies in Europe during World War II. And is at least partially responsible for the genocide committed against the Armenians and other Christians of the Ottoman Empire during the First World War. Adapted from the source document.

Le centenaire du genocide armenien ne restera pas dans l'histoire comme un moment fort des relations armeno-turques. Les deux pays campent sur leurs positions. L'Armenie cherche a etendre la liste des pays reconnaissant le genocide. Elle enregistre des succes notables - comme l'illustrent les declarations du pape - mais se heurte par ailleurs a de fortes resistances. De son cote, la position negationniste de la Turquie n'evolue guere. Les diasporas pourraient permettre de faire bouger les lignes The 100th anniversary of the Armenian genocide will not mark a great historical moment in Armenian-Turkish relations. The two countries are standing firm on their positions. Armenia is trying to extend the list of countries that recognize the genocide and has made some significant progress - the declarations made by the Pope, for example - but is still coming up against strong resistance. Turkey's stance of denial has hardly changed. The Armenian diaspora might be able to help redefine the lines. Adapted from the source document.

After the First World War, many wanted to believe that there would be no more war. The Armenian Genocide committed in the midst of conflict, was masked by the battles. In war, the general public did not know exactly what is really happening, and other events came to cover this extermination. From the perspective of the performers, the Armenian genocide could be called 'successful genocide.' It was indeed 'successful' since more than a million and a half Armenians were killed, and that many others were forced into exile. Then the Turks managed to cover it up. It is simply not evoked the Armenian Genocide. For a short period, between 1918 and 1920, the question was raised and certain Turkish leaders were found guilty of massacres (the term genocide did not exist at the time). But the Turks then began implementing a denial policy which was, again, a 'success'. Adapted from the source document.

An interview with Yves Ternon, historian and President of the International Scientific Council for the Study of Armenian Genocide. The term genocide, which you call 'crime of crimes', is fairly recent. It dates from 1943 and has appeared in Polish jurist Raphael Lemkin original. Its inclusion in international criminal law dates back to 1948 and had to wait fifty years to see the first convictions for genocide in 1998 (under the CFI for Rwanda). How did we get to the inclusion of this crime in international criminal law? Adapted from the source document.

The Tutsi genocide in Rwanda is known today. Many books have been published on the occasion of its '20th birthday'. Of these, quality studies, the doctoral research of Helen Dumas and Susan Thomson, we will here look, evoking as Lee Ann Fujii. The research consisted of careful observations conducted on a local scale, and rigorous and thoughtful interviews with 'survivors' and executors. So these are verified knowledge that has been gathered to report on what occurred from April to July 1994: at the same time as other violence (political killings by extremist faction who murders people resisted orders killing and war), it is the genocide of a large part of the Tutsi population in Rwanda was the era - about three quarters, more than 800,000 people. Adapted from the source document.

Since, December 9, 1948, the Third General Assembly of the UN adopted the Genocide Convention, international law is faced with a paradox. The international community is committed to the systematic annihilation of populations an imprescriptible crime within universal jurisdiction. But protecting certain groups and not others - such as groups united by political belief or affiliation gender or sexual - she created a legal instrument that has proved virtually useless, as almost all genocides Modern are, to some extent, politically motivated, if one examines the root causes of any mass violence perpetrated by a State. Moreover, despite the global proliferation of genocide in the second half of the twentieth century, the first convictions for genocide were made by an international tribunal in 1998, fifty years after the adoption of the Convention. And even in the cases in question - Srebrenica and Rwanda - it is possible to find clear political motivation in these crimes. Adapted from the source document.

At the top of an isolated mountain, near the present Iraqi-Turkish border, members of a small ethno-religious community besieged on all sides by fighters determined to annihilate fled for their lives. Some of them were able, thanks to the assistance provided by benevolent soldiers crossed another border to take refuge in a safe area temporarily. But many died on the way. The nature and extent of their suffering beyond comprehension. Adapted from the source document.

L'auteur critique l'inflation d'informations donnees sur le Rwanda depuis le debut du genocide ainsi que les amalgames de toute sortes qui en decoulent. Il n'a nullement la pretention d'etre, lui, teneur de la Verite, mais propose toutefois de modifier l'eclairage du theatre de facon a reconsiderer la scene et les personnages impliques. Il commence donc par redefinir la nature et les causes du genocide rwandais, represente les acteurs internationaux impliques, tels les Belges "neutres", les Francais et leur "honneur" et l'impossible gestion par les Nations Unis. Au-dela du jugement ethique, force est de constater que face a la tragedie qui s'est jouee au Rwanda, tous ses parrains se sont discredites et que le seul denominateur commun qui leur reste est le projet d'installation d'un tribunal international pour sanctionner les auteurs et les responsables d'actes de genocide, mais egalement sur ce terrain des derapages politico-bureaucratiques se dessinent a l'horizon, en dehors du fait que l'on peut se poser la question de l'impact pedagogique de telles sanctions. C'est a la societe rwandaise de s'impliquer dans une reflexion sur elle-meme et sur ce qu'elle a engendre. (DÜI-Mfg)