Suchergebnisse

Property valuers in England and Wales face a difficult task; they must collect and assimilate data from a variety of sources which differ widely with regard to quality, currency and coverage. This is because of legislative restrictions on access to public sector data sources and organizational constraints on access to property data within the private sector, such as confidentiality and commercial secrecy. Proposes a system for the dissemination of property data for valuation and other property‐related procedures, namely, a National Land Information Service (NLIS). Suggests that a NLIS should be developed using geographical information system technology. Describes a methodology which shows how a spatial analysis technique available on a GIS was used to examine the influence of accessibility on property value.

Salatiga City was located on the hillside of Merbabu Mountain and on highland has fresh air and cool climate. Salatiga City also located on the strategist area, reachable from Semarang, Solo, Ambarawa, and Magelang. Salatiga is very interesting for Europeans that live there in the Colonial Era. The implication for Modern Salatiga is to many historical buildings with classical European style in Salatiga. There is a well-preserved building, but also the same building was not preserved and destroyed. The historical building is a cultural heritage and national treasure that can be used for many good things, such as science or economics. To raise the awareness of the folk about historical buildings, we need to make publications and educate the folk about how important the historical building was. To get the publication material and education material was held historical research with a technical approach in a form of using Geographical Information System as research tools. As expected from this research can raise the awareness of the folks about how important the historical building.

A geographical information system (GIS) for freshwater crabs and fishes in Greece was created in response to the European Environmental Agency's (EEA) biodiversity initiative for European Union countries. A total of 1931 collections, made with seines, dipnets, and backpack electroshockers in 32 drainages of Greece, yielded 126 species of fishes and crabs in 2,359 data records including species, latitude, longitude, drainage, prefecture, and locality, 731 also include stream order, elevation, gradient, stream width and depth, pH, temperature, and distance to river mouth. Our GIS indicates current distributions of species, species rich and poor areas, anomalous species distributions, areas warranting further sampling, and cogeneric species whose overlapping ecological distributions call for taxonomic and phylogenetic investigation. In applied studies, the freshwater GIS can be an integral tool for EEA's biodiversity inventory of the southern Balkan peninsula, an inland fisheries management plan, designs for environmental impact studies, and conducting gap analyses for the region.

Magistritöö Keskkonnakorraldus ja -poliitika õppekaval ; Magistritöö eesmärgiks on välja selgitada geograafliste infosüsteemide kasutusvõimalused ning olulisus Eesti riigiametites. Selleks, et uurimiseesmärki täita on püsitatud viis uurimisküsimust: 1) Milliste toimingute jaoks kasutatakse riigiametites geograafilist infosüsteemi (GIS)? 2) Milliseid ruumiandmeid kasutatakse Eesti riigiametites? 3) Milliseid ruumiandmeid luuakse riigiametites ning kuidas on need andmed teistele riigiametitele kättesaadavad? 4) Milliseid probleeme esineb riigiametites GIS-i kasutamisel? 5) Mille jaoks plaanivad riigiametid GIS-i veel kasutama hakata? Käesolevas töös olid vaatluse all 22 Eesti riigiametit: Haridus- ja noorteamet, Kaitsepolitseiamet, Kaitseressursside amet, Keeleamet, Keskkonnaamet, Konkurentsiamet, Maa-amet, Maksu- ja tolliamet, Muinsuskaitseamet, Patendiamet, Politsei- ja piirivalveamet, Põllumajandus- ja toiduamet, Põllumajanduse registrite ja informatsiooni amet, Päästeamet, Ravimiamet, Riigi infosüsteemi amet, Sotsiaalkindlustusamet, Statistikaamet, Tarbijakaitse ja tehnilise järelevalve amet, Terviseamet, Transpordiamet, Välisluureamet. Riigiametid on määratud Vabariigi Valitsuse seaduses ning Eesti.ee lehel "Riigiametid". Andmete kogumiseks koostati ankeetküsitlus, et välja selgitada mis otstarbeks erinevad riigiametid GIS-i kasutavad, kuidas ametid loovad, haldavad ja kasutavad ruumiandmeid ning sh ka milliseid ruumiandmeteenuseid nad osutavad. Lisaks sooviti välja selgitada milliseid on riigiameti ootused ja takistused seoses GIS-iga ning kuidas see muudab asutuse tööd tulemuslikumaks. Küsimustiku koostamisel töötati läbi erinevad õigusakte, et välja selgitada, millised seadusest tulenevad kohustused on erinevatel riigiametitel seoses ruumiandmete loomise, haldamise ja jagamisega, näiteks kasutati ruumiandmeseadust, Vabariigi Valitsuse seadust ja riigiametite põhimääruseid. Ankeetküsitlusele vastas 22-st riigiametist 12, mis oli ka osaliselt oodatav tulemus, kuna kõik riigiametid ei tegele igapäevaselt GIS-ga, Kahjuks küsimustikule jättis vastamata ka amet, kellel on kohustus ruumiandmeid luua. Eesti riigiametites kasutatakse GIS-i peamiselt ruumiandmete visualiseerimiseks, kogumiseks uuendamiseks ja haldamiseks. Samuti kasutatakse riigiametites GIS-i ruumianalüüsiks ja erinevateks päringuteks. Üllatav tulemus oli, et ruumiandme päringuid tehakse ankeetküsitluse järgi vähem, kui visualiseeritakse kaarte. GIS-i kasutamise peamiseks probleemiks on, töötajate ebapiisavad ja ebavõrded teadmised GIS-i valdkonnas ja riigiametite väike ressurss nii töötajate koolitamiseks, kui GIS-programmide litsentsideks. Käesolevat teemat on võimalik veel laialdasemalt edasi uurida. Töös on käsitletud ainult Eesti riigiametid, tegelikult kasutavad ruumiandmeid ka teised riigiasutused. Lisaks on võimalik tööd edasi uurida, kui võrrelda töö tulemusi teiste Euroopa Liidu riikidega. ; The aim of the master's thesis is to identify the usage of geographic information systems as well as their importance in Estonian Government Agencies. In order to meet the aims, five research questions were formulated: 1) What are the operations for which geographic information systems are used (GIS)?; 2) What spatial information is being used in Estonian Government Agencies?; 3) What spatial information are being created by Estonian Government Agencies and to what extent are they available for other Government Agencies; 4) What problems occur using GIS in Government Agencies?; 5) What are Government Agencies planning to use GIS for in the future? In the current thesis, 22 Estonian Government Agencies were examined: Education and Youth Board, Estonian Internal Security Service, Defence Resources Agency, Language Board, Environmental Board, Estonian Competition Authority, Land Board, Estonian Tax and Customs Board, National Heritage Board, Estonian Patent Office, Police and Border Guard Board, Agriculture and Food Board, Agricultural Registers and Information Board, Estonian Rescue Board, State Agency of Medicines, Estonian Information System Authority, Social Insurance Board, Statistics Estonia, Consumer Protection and Technical Regulatory Authority, Health Board, Transport Administration, Estonian Foreign Intelligence Service. A survey was prepared for data collection to identify the purposes for which the Government Agencies use GIS, how the Agencies create, manage, and use spatial information as well as which spatial information services they provide. In addition, what are the expectations and obstacles of using GIS and how GIS influences the Agencies' work to be more effective. To conduct the survey various legislative acts were analysed to determine which legally binding obligations do Government Agencies have in relation with creating, managing and sharing spatial information; for example, spatial information act, Government of the Republic Act and the statutes for Government Agencies. The survey was completed by 12 Government Agencies out of 22, which was partly expected because all Government Agencies do not use GIS every day. Unfortunately, the Agency which is responsible for creating spatial information also did not take the survey. In Estonian Government Agencies, GIS is mainly used to visualise, collect, renew, and manage spatial information. In addition, GIS is used to do spatial analysis and various queries. It was surprising that spatial data inquiries are made less than the visualisation of maps, according to the survey. The main problems of using GIS were insufficient and uneven knowledge of GIS, and insufficient resources to train the employees as well as for GIS licenses. Further research can be done on the topic. In the current thesis, only Estonian Government Agencies are researched; in fact, spatial information is used by other Government Establishments as well. Further research could also be done comparing these results to other counties of the European Union.

Rapid population growth, urbanization and industrialization are known as the most important factors of environment problems. Elimination and management of solid wastes are also within the most important environment problems. One of the main problems in solid waste management is the selection of the best site for elimination of solid wastes. Lately, Geographical Information System (GIS) has been used for easing selection of landfill area. GIS has the ability of imitating necessary economic, environmental and political limitations. They play an important role for the site selection of landfill area as a decision support tool. In this study; map layers will be studied for minimum effect of environmental, social and cultural factors and maximum effect for engineering/economic factors for site selection of landfill areas and using GIS for a decision support mechanism in solid waste landfill areas site selection will be presented in Aksaray/Turkey city, Güzelyurt district practice.

In recent times, disasters and risk management have gained significant attention, especially with increasing awareness of the risks and increasing impact of natural and other hazards especially in the developing world. Vulnerability, the potential for loss of life or property from disaster, has biophysical or social dimensions. Social vulnerability relates to societal attributes which has negative impacts on disaster outcomes. This study sought to develop a spatially explicit index of social vulnerability, thus addressing the dearth of research in this area in sub-Saharan Africa. Nineteen variables were identified covering various aspects. Descriptive analysis of these variables revealed high heterogeneity across the South West region of Nigeria for both the state and the local government areas (LGAs). Feature identification using correlation analysis identified six important variables. Factor analysis identified two dimensions, namely accessibility and socioeconomic conditions, from this subset. A social vulnerability index (SoVI) showed that Ondo and Ekiti have more vulnerable LGAs than other states in the region. About 50% of the LGAs in Osun and Ogun have a relatively low social vulnerability. Distribution of the SoVI shows that there are great differences within states as well as across regions. Scores of population density, disability and poverty have a high margin of error in relation to mean state scores. The study showed that with a geographical information system there are opportunities to model social vulnerability and monitor its evolution and dynamics across the continent. ; https://doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v7i1.155

Nonthaphat Theerawasttanasiri,1,2 Surasak Taneepanichskul,1 Wichain Pingchai,3 Yuwaree Nimchareon,4 Sangworn Sriwichai5 1College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; 2Department of Health, Health Promotion Center Region 1, Chiang Mai, Thailand; 3Mueang Lamphun District Public Health Office, 4Pasang District Public Health Office, 5Ban Thi District Public Health Office, Lamphun, Thailand Introduction: Many studies have shown that fluoride can cross the placenta and that exposure to high fluoride during pregnancy may result in premature birth and/or a low birth weight. Lamphun is one of six provinces in Thailand where natural water fluoride (WF) concentrations >10.0 mg/L were found, and it was also found that >50% of households used water with high fluoride levels. Nevertheless, geographical information system (GIS) and maps of endemic fluoride areas are lacking. We aimed to measure the fluoride level of village water supplies to assess endemic fluoride areas and present GIS with maps in Google Maps.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from July 2016 to January 2017. Purpose sampling was used to identify villages of districts with WF >10.0 mg/L in the Mueang Lamphun, Pasang, and Ban Thi districts. Water samples were collected with the geolocation measured by Smart System Info. Fluoride was analyzed with an ion-selective electrode instrument using a total ionic strength adjustment buffer. WF >0.70 mg/L was used to identify unsafe drinking water and areas with high endemic fluoride levels. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the findings, and MS Excel was used to create the GIS database. Maps were created in Google Earth and presented in Google Maps.Results: We found that WF concentrations ranged between 0.10–13.60 mg/L. Forty-four percent (n=439) of samples were at unsafe levels (>0.70 mg/L), and. 54% (n=303) of villages and 46% (n=79,807) of households used the unsafe drinking water. Fifty percent (n=26) of subdistricts were classified as being endemic fluoride areas. Five subdistricts were endemic fluoride areas, and in those, there were two subdistricts in which every household used unsafe drinking water.Conclusion: These findings show the distribution of endemic fluoride areas and unsafe drinking water in Lamphun. This is useful for health policy authorities, local governments, and villagers and enables collaboration to resolve these issues. The GIS data are available at https://drive.google.com/open?id=1mi4Pvomf5xHZ1MQjK44pdp2xXFw&usp=sharing. Keywords: endemic fluoride area, water supply, Google Maps, safe drinking water, GIS

An optimal and integrative tsunami warning system is introduced that takes full advantage of remote sensing and geographical information systems (GIS) in monitoring, forecasting, detection, loss evaluation, and relief management for tsunamis. Using the primary impact zone in Banda Aceh, Indonesia as the pilot area, we conducted three simulations that showed that while the December 26, 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami claimed about 300,000 lives because there was no tsunami warning system at all, it is possible that only about 15,000 lives could have been lost if the area had used a tsunami warning system like that currently in use in the Pacific Ocean. The simulations further calculated that the death toll could have been about 3,000 deaths if there had been a disaster system further optimized with full use of remote sensing and GIS, although the number of badly damaged or destroyed houses (29,545) could have likely remained unchanged.