Suchergebnisse

"In this first comprehensive study of women as economic actors in medieval Norway, Susann Anett Pedersen analyses the economic agency of unmarried heiresses, wives and widows c.1400-1550. Drawing onsources such as sales contracts and private letter correspondence, the book investigates elite women's formal and informal roles in decision making processes and their ability to make independent economic choices. In particular, the book stresses the importance of looking beyond the legal regulation of women's economic activities and rather analyses women's own actions, in order to better grasp the complexity of their economic agency"--

Seeking Sanctuary' explores a curious aspect of premodern English law: the right of felons to shelter in a church or ecclesiastical precinct, remaining safe from arrest and trial in the king's courts. This is the first volume in more than a century to examine sanctuary in England in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Looking anew at this subject challenges the prevailing assumptions in the scholarship that this 'medieval' practice had become outmoded and little-used by the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Although for decades after 1400 sanctuary-seeking was indeed fairly rare, the evidence in the legal records shows the numbers of felons seeing refuge in churches began to climb again in the late fifteenth century and reached its peak in the period between 1525 and 1535. Sanctuary was not so much a medieval practice accidentally surviving into the early modern era, as it was an organism that had continued to evolve and adapt to new environments and indeed flourished in its adapted state. Sanctuary suited the early Tudor regime: it intersected with rapidly developing ideas about jurisdiction and provided a means of mitigating the harsh capital penalties of the English law of felony that was useful not only to felons but also to the crown and the political elite. Sanctuary's resurgence after 1480 means we need to rethink how sanctuary worked, and to reconsider more broadly the intersections of culture, law, politics, and religion in the years between 1400 and 1550

In this first comprehensive study of women as economic actors in medieval Norway, Susann Anett Pedersen analyses the economic agency of unmarried heiresses, wives and widows c.1400-1550. Drawing on sources such as sales contracts and private letter correspondence, the book investigates elite women's formal and informal roles in decision making processes and their ability to make independent economic choices. In particular, the book stresses the importance of looking beyond the legal regulation of women's economic activities and rather analyses women's own actions, in order to better grasp the complexity of their economic agency

"Investigates the transfer of religious knowledge, literature, and artefacts within urban networks and communities. The boundaries between sacred and secular in the late Middle Ages, traditionally perceived as separate domains, are nowadays perceived as porous or non-existent. This collection on religious connectivity explores a new approach to religious culture in the late Middle Ages. In assessing the porosity of the domains of sacred and secular, and of religious and lay, the contributors to this collection investigate processes of transfer of religious knowledge, literature, and artefacts, and the people involved. Religious connectivity describes people in networks. This concept emphasises dynamics and processes rather than stability, and focuses on all persons involved in transfer and appropriation, not just the producers. It is therefore a fruitful concept by which to explore medieval society and the continuum of sacred and secular. By using the lens of religious connectivity, the authors of this collection shed new light on religious activities and religious culture in late medieval urban communities."--

My book deals for the first time comprehensively with the techniques (and methodologies) of socio-cultural research in pre-modern societies. Contrary to prevailing opinion, it holds that some form of empirical research in these domains must have been present in all human groups, and every type of society, otherwise they would not have been able to adapt to other groups and to their own Internal changes. I distinguish between three basic research techniques: (1) travel, (2) the survey, and (3) the collection and interpretation of material objects..

Chapters I-III follow the development of these techniques from primitive societies via the early civilizations (exemplified by the Ancient near East, Egypt, Israel and the Greco-Roman world) and the Middle Ages to Early Modern Western Society. The mainstay of the book is the period from late humanism to the "scientific revolution" (circa 1570-1660),when all the techniques were refined and two of them (travel and collecting) were methodized. In that period also the age-old barriers against the accumulation of the research results and thus the development of socio-cultural sciences, namely secrecy and topicality, began to break down. I hold that all this contributed decisively to the hegemony of the west over all other World civilizations.

Chapters IV-VIII deal with some special problems of the following period from the "scientific revolution" to the onset of Modernity (circa 1660-1800). They are closely interconnected and add some significant and lively details to the generalizations of chapters I-III. - Mein Buch behandelt zum erstenmal zusammenfassend die Techniken (und Methodologien) der Sozial- und Kulturforschung vormoderner gesellschaften. Im Unterschied zur vorherrschenden meinung geht es davon aus, dass es irgendeine Form empirischer Forschung auf diesen gebieten in allen menschlichen Gruppen und Gesellschaftsformen gegeben haben muss, da diese sich ansonsten nicht an andere gruppen sowie an die eigenen inneren Wandlungen hätten anpassen können. Ich unterscheide drei grundlegende Forschungstechniken: (1 ) das reisen, (2) die Umfrage und (3) das Sammeln und Interpretieren konkreter Objekte.

Kapitel I-III folgen der Entwicklung dieser Techniken von den archaischen Gesellschaften über die frühen Hochkulturen (exemplifiziert durch den Alten Orient, Ägypten, Israel und die griechisch-römische Welt) und das Mittelalter bis zum Europa der Frühen Neuzeit. Das Zentrum des Buches bildet die Periode vom Späthumanismus bis wir "wissenschaftlichen revolution" (ca. 1570-1660), als alle drei Techniken verfeinert und zwei von ihnen, das Reisen und das Sammeln, zu formalen Kunstlehren wurden. In dieser Periode begannen auch die traditionellen Hemmnisse der Akkumulation der Resultate empirischer Sozial- und Kulturforschung und damit der Herausbildung der Sozial- und Kulturwissenschaften, nämlich die Geheimhaltung und der Aktualismus, nachzugeben. Dies hat meiner Ansicht nach wesentlich zur Vorherrschaft des Westens über die anderen Weltkulturen beigetragen.

Kapitel IV-VIII behandeln Einzelprobleme der darauffolgenden Periode von der "wissenschaftlichen Revolution" bis zur Epochenschwelle der Moderne (ca. 1660-1800). Sie hängen untereinander eng zusammen und fügen den Allgemeinaussagen der Kapitel I-III signifikante und lebensnahe Details hinzu.