Suchergebnisse

Intet resumé

Intet resumé

Hensikten med denne artikkelen er å belyse hvordan globalisering som sosialt fenomen utfordrer og innarbeides i den sosiologiske teoridannelsen. Spesielt rettes fokuset mot hvordan globaliseringsprosesser aktualiserer en refortolkning av sosiologiens grunntema, nemlig ordensproblemet. Hvordan tematiseres og begrepsfestes integrasjon i et samfunn som nå kanskje omfavner hele kloden? Når en har verdenssamfunnet som gjenstandsområde, må det utvikles erkjennelsesmessige kategorier som gjør det mulig å reflektere over ontologiske kjennetegn ved, nettopp, verdenssamfunnet. Imidlertid viser det seg å være utfordrende å gi en overbevisende argumentasjon for hvordan verdenssamfunnet henger sammen ved å benytte tradisjonelle sosiologiske begreper. Gjennom en teoretisk diskusjon vil jeg først forsøke å avdekke grunnen til at store deler av sosiologien ikke evner å forklare hvordan et fremvoksende verdenssamfunn i økende grad fremstår som et fellesskap. Deretter vil jeg foreslå at vi nå ser konturene av et verdensomspennende felleskap, forstått som dannelsen av et system rundt forventninger om kollektiv handling for å løse felles problemer. Som ledd i denne argumentasjonen vil jeg trekke frem INGOer (International Non-Governmental Organizations) som spesielt viktige for å utvikle en gryende form for global integrasjon.


ENGELSK ABSTRACT:

Leif Martin Haugen: Globalization and Integration as a Theoretical Challenge – INGOs as an Empirical Illustration

The purpose of this article is to illustrate how globalization as a social phenomenon challenges and is incorporated in sociological theory. Specifically, I will focus on how globalization processes actualize a reinterpretation of the fundamental theme of sociology – the problem of order. How can integration be conceptualized in a society that now embraces the whole planet? When the object of analysis is world society, concepts must be developed that make it possible to reflect on the ontological characteristics of this society. However, it turns out to be a challenge to provide a convincing description of how world society is integrated by means of traditional sociological insights. I attempt to unfold why sociology is having difficulties explaining how an emerging world society appears as a community. I argue that we can now observe the outline of a worldwide community understood as a system that develops around expectations of collective actions to solve common problems. I illustrate this argument with an analysis of so-called INGOs (International Non-Governmental Organizations) which are particularly important for developing a nascent form of global integration.

Key words: Sociology, globalization, integration, INGOs, world society.

The aim of this thesis is to analyse the EU vocational education and training policy process (The Copenhagen Process) from a critical perspective based on the policy analysis methodology, "What's the Problem Represented to Be?" (WPR) developed by Professor Carol Bacchi. The main research question "How can the European vocational education and training policy process - the Copenhagen Process - be understood from a WPR perspective? " is addressed in six articles which take apart the Copenhagen Process and deal with specific WPR questions and specific aspects of the Copenhagen Process: the construction of vocational education and training; changes in governmentality; the genealogy of EC vocational education and training policy; the technologies of Europeanization; and finally the discursive and institutional effects of the policy process in the Danish context. The thesis argues that the Copenhagen Process has legitimately extended vocational education and training policy formation to include the EU and its new institutional settings established through the Open Method of Coordination. Furthermore, vocational education and training is being reconfigured within a neoliberal Lifelong Learning discourse in which education and training in general is to contribute to the competitiveness of the EU in a global economy. Within this discourse, policy is de-politicized and naturalised as being neutral and evidence-based leading to the unreflective transfer of policies across countries.