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The transition from an industrial to an information society is called a post-industrial or post-traditional period. All transitional periods are characterized by non-compliance, deviations of behaviour, various challenges and the changes of values. These imbalances are highly affected by globalization. Breaking up traditions creates preconditions for new crimes that are related to the latest achievements of science and technology. Globalization takes place in the social sphere and covers the most diverse fields of society's activities. It includes the scope of state and other social structures and their environment. Globalization is intensified by internal communication and other connections around the globe. Law, as a regulator of social life, is influenced by it. Globalization opens up new paths in the development of culture and science. It, however, brings equally difficult challenges. Therefore, many future prospects expected from globalization exclude real risks. In history globalization has manifested itself many times by the creation of empires and social and political systems. Primal forms of globalization can be found in ancient history. Whether it was the more cultural and economical than military invasion of the ancient Greeks to other lands, or the physical and spiritual actions of the Romans that led to collapse of the Roman empire by the barbarians, or the voluntary adoption of Christianity and Buddhism virtually by the whole world – these were all manifestations of globalization. Law as a regulator of social life is directly exposed to the challenges of globalization and must respond to the negative effects of globalization. This article is dedicated to the analysis of such challenges.

The transition from an industrial to an information society is called a post-industrial or post-traditional period. All transitional periods are characterized by non-compliance, deviations of behaviour, various challenges and the changes of values. These imbalances are highly affected by globalization. Breaking up traditions creates preconditions for new crimes that are related to the latest achievements of science and technology. Globalization takes place in the social sphere and covers the most diverse fields of society's activities. It includes the scope of state and other social structures and their environment. Globalization is intensified by internal communication and other connections around the globe. Law, as a regulator of social life, is influenced by it. Globalization opens up new paths in the development of culture and science. It, however, brings equally difficult challenges. Therefore, many future prospects expected from globalization exclude real risks. In history globalization has manifested itself many times by the creation of empires and social and political systems. Primal forms of globalization can be found in ancient history. Whether it was the more cultural and economical than military invasion of the ancient Greeks to other lands, or the physical and spiritual actions of the Romans that led to collapse of the Roman empire by the barbarians, or the voluntary adoption of Christianity and Buddhism virtually by the whole world – these were all manifestations of globalization. Law as a regulator of social life is directly exposed to the challenges of globalization and must respond to the negative effects of globalization. This article is dedicated to the analysis of such challenges.

The history of mankind since ancient times is characterized by trends on a global scale. Modern globalization processes have their origins in the 1960s, and the turning point in their development was the fall of the "socialist camp". The nature, essence and content of globalization cause criticism and concern of scholars and experts, civil society activists. This fact signals the lack of knowledge and proves the need for further research. The author argues that globalization is a complex structural transformation, and its main objective trends are materialized in the occurrence of proper events; thus allowing to more or less successfully assess a cause and effect relationship. The article concludes that the agents as well as all participants of the globalization processes increasingly demonstrate the desire to accumulate, strengthen and enrich their economic, political and legal powers and authorities. Their substantial properties as well as the system-building function which defines social order are qualitatively predetermined by targeted globalization effects where the key role is played by the Kantian notion of "self-regard". Keywords: globalization; trend of globalization; social philosophy; post-industrial society. ; История человечества с незапамятных времен сопровождается тенденциями глобального масштаба. Современные глобализационные процессы берут свое начало в 1960-х годах, а переломным моментом их развития стало падение «социалистического лагеря». Природа, сущность и содержание глобализации вызывают критику и обеспокоенность ученых и экспертов, активистов гражданского общества, что свидетельствует о недостаточной ее изученности и настоятельной необходимости дальнейшего исследования. Автор статьи доказывает, что процессы глобализации представляют собой сложноструктурное преобразование, и объективность ее основных тенденций материализуется в закономерности наступления того или иного факта (результатов, событий), что позволяет более или менее успешно оценить их причинно-следственную взаимосвязь. В статье делается вывод, что агенты, да и все участники процессов глобализации, демонстрируют перманентное стремление аккумулировать, усиливать и обогащать свои экономические, политико-правовые властные полномочия. Их субстанциональные свойства, системообразующая функция социального порядка качественно предопределяются целенаправленным воздействием глобализации, где ключевую роль играет кантианское понятие «забота о себе».

Globalization remains the crucial trend of global development, and it is especially evident in economic sphere. Apart from it, political, informational and cultural globalizations are actively discussed. The rapid development of global market, initiated by the West, paradoxically, fostered redistribution of economic influence towards the non-Western countries and primarily to Asia. Therefore, the record of participation of BRICS states (China and India, primarily) in global processes is instructive. These two countries achieve significant developmental successes due to their integration in world economy without abandoning active participation of their government in regulation of economic and social activities. Analysis of the strategies adopted of other BRICS countries could appear quite useful for Russia. ; Глобализация остается определяющей тенденцией мирового развития, причем наиболее явно она проявляется в экономической сфере. Наряду с ней выделяются также политическая, информационная и культурно-цивилизационная глобализация. Стремительное развитие глобального хозяйства, инициированное Западом, привело к перераспределению экономического влияния — все большую роль в нем играют незападные, прежде всего азиатские, страны. В этой связи показателен опыт участия в глобализационных процессах государств БРИКС, прежде всего Китая и Индии. Эти две страны достигли существенных успехов в развитии за счет интеграции в мировую экономику без отказа от активной роли государства в регулировании общественных и хозяйственных процессов. Изучение стратегий партнеров по БРИКС представляет существенный интерес для России.

All the activities and phenomena of the modern society proceed under influ­ence of the globalizational processes. The globalization runs through mostly all the fields of the social life, primarily economic, political and social, cultural, humanitarian field. The globalizational processes have the specified legal di­mension, that becomes apparent, first, in changes of the correlation of national, regional and international law; besides this, in changes of the specificity of the legal regulation. ; В современном обществе все явления, процессы проходят под влиянием гло - бализацийних процессов. Глобализация пронизывает практически все сферы общественной жизни, прежде всего, экономическую, политическую, а также социальную, культурную, гуманитарную и др. Гло - бализацийни процессы имеют определенный правовой измерение, проявляется, во-первых, в изменении соотношения между национальным, региональным и международным правом, кроме того, в изменении специфики правового регулирования общественных отношений и др. ; В сучасному суспільстві всі явища, процеси проходять під впливом гло - балізаційних процесів. Глобалізація пронизує практично всі сфери сус­пільного життя, перш за все, еконо­мічну, політичну, а також соціальну, культурну, гуманітарну та ін. Гло - балізаційні процеси мають визначе­ний правовий вимір, що проявляєть­ся, по-перше, у зміні співвідношення між національним, регіональним та міжнародним правом, крім того, у зміні специфіки правового регулюван­ня суспільних відносин та ін.

The article analyses the complexity of human resource management in the context of business globalization. The problem is the balancing of the global trends in HRM with the influence of national cultures. The general aim of the article is to explore the problem of balancing the seemingly opposing forces (such as thinking global – acting local, decentralization–centralization, differentiation–integration, etc.) and to identify trends and values in HRM. The article shows that such opposing forces should be considered not as binary either / or decisions, but as complementary forces that need to be balanced. The analysis is supported by examining the changing practice of HRM in the United Kingdom, France, the USA and Japan. This review shows the main trends and the principal tasks faced by HRM professionals in the 21st century. HRM changes that have taken place in the UK are a reflection, primarily, of changing regulation arising both from the UK government and from membership in the EU, globalization and strong pressures to drive costs downwards. French HR managers are striving to adapt French organizations to the environment by relying on unique practices or practices similar to those implemented in other countries. In late 2000s, the US economy is slowing. Though workers may become easier to find in general, recruitment continues to be challenging in the areas where skill shortages exist. The US workforce will continue to become more diverse. Firms are likely to continue experimenting with variable compensation and high performance work systems to enhance productivity. The change of HR practices in Japanese companies seems to be slow and incremental, carefully avoiding traumatic breaks with the past. Japanese managers have a strong sense of corporate obligation to provide jobs, income and security. On comparing changes in the patterns of HMR in the UK, France, the USA and Japan, the article analyses the peculiarities of HMR in Lithuania as a representative country of the post-soviet bloc. The practice of HRM in Lithuania during 1990–2008 may be separated into two periods. Each period was influenced by controversial groups of factors: traditions that came into being under the soviet regime and the new traditions still undergoing formation. In the first period dominated the so-called "hard" HRM, with the focus on employee control, utmost exploitation of their potential and obtaining the maximum benefit from them, neglect of employees' needs. The lack of qualified workers, increasing emigration and the growing competition in the second period urge the managers to shift attention to "soft" HRM, i.e. to the needs of their employees as one of the key resources of the competitive advantage.

The article analyses the complexity of human resource management in the context of business globalization. The problem is the balancing of the global trends in HRM with the influence of national cultures. The general aim of the article is to explore the problem of balancing the seemingly opposing forces (such as thinking global – acting local, decentralization–centralization, differentiation–integration, etc.) and to identify trends and values in HRM. The article shows that such opposing forces should be considered not as binary either / or decisions, but as complementary forces that need to be balanced. The analysis is supported by examining the changing practice of HRM in the United Kingdom, France, the USA and Japan. This review shows the main trends and the principal tasks faced by HRM professionals in the 21st century. HRM changes that have taken place in the UK are a reflection, primarily, of changing regulation arising both from the UK government and from membership in the EU, globalization and strong pressures to drive costs downwards. French HR managers are striving to adapt French organizations to the environment by relying on unique practices or practices similar to those implemented in other countries. In late 2000s, the US economy is slowing. Though workers may become easier to find in general, recruitment continues to be challenging in the areas where skill shortages exist. The US workforce will continue to become more diverse. Firms are likely to continue experimenting with variable compensation and high performance work systems to enhance productivity. The change of HR practices in Japanese companies seems to be slow and incremental, carefully avoiding traumatic breaks with the past. Japanese managers have a strong sense of corporate obligation to provide jobs, income and security. On comparing changes in the patterns of HMR in the UK, France, the USA and Japan, the article analyses the peculiarities of HMR in Lithuania as a representative country of the post-soviet bloc. The practice of HRM in Lithuania during 1990–2008 may be separated into two periods. Each period was influenced by controversial groups of factors: traditions that came into being under the soviet regime and the new traditions still undergoing formation. In the first period dominated the so-called "hard" HRM, with the focus on employee control, utmost exploitation of their potential and obtaining the maximum benefit from them, neglect of employees' needs. The lack of qualified workers, increasing emigration and the growing competition in the second period urge the managers to shift attention to "soft" HRM, i.e. to the needs of their employees as one of the key resources of the competitive advantage.

The article analyses the complexity of human resource management in the context of business globalization. The problem is the balancing of the global trends in HRM with the influence of national cultures. The general aim of the article is to explore the problem of balancing the seemingly opposing forces (such as thinking global – acting local, decentralization–centralization, differentiation–integration, etc.) and to identify trends and values in HRM. The article shows that such opposing forces should be considered not as binary either / or decisions, but as complementary forces that need to be balanced. The analysis is supported by examining the changing practice of HRM in the United Kingdom, France, the USA and Japan. This review shows the main trends and the principal tasks faced by HRM professionals in the 21st century. HRM changes that have taken place in the UK are a reflection, primarily, of changing regulation arising both from the UK government and from membership in the EU, globalization and strong pressures to drive costs downwards. French HR managers are striving to adapt French organizations to the environment by relying on unique practices or practices similar to those implemented in other countries. In late 2000s, the US economy is slowing. Though workers may become easier to find in general, recruitment continues to be challenging in the areas where skill shortages exist. The US workforce will continue to become more diverse. Firms are likely to continue experimenting with variable compensation and high performance work systems to enhance productivity. The change of HR practices in Japanese companies seems to be slow and incremental, carefully avoiding traumatic breaks with the past. Japanese managers have a strong sense of corporate obligation to provide jobs, income and security. On comparing changes in the patterns of HMR in the UK, France, the USA and Japan, the article analyses the peculiarities of HMR in Lithuania as a representative country of the post-soviet bloc. The practice of HRM in Lithuania during 1990–2008 may be separated into two periods. Each period was influenced by controversial groups of factors: traditions that came into being under the soviet regime and the new traditions still undergoing formation. In the first period dominated the so-called "hard" HRM, with the focus on employee control, utmost exploitation of their potential and obtaining the maximum benefit from them, neglect of employees' needs. The lack of qualified workers, increasing emigration and the growing competition in the second period urge the managers to shift attention to "soft" HRM, i.e. to the needs of their employees as one of the key resources of the competitive advantage.

The article analyses the complexity of human resource management in the context of business globalization. The problem is the balancing of the global trends in HRM with the influence of national cultures. The general aim of the article is to explore the problem of balancing the seemingly opposing forces (such as thinking global – acting local, decentralization–centralization, differentiation–integration, etc.) and to identify trends and values in HRM. The article shows that such opposing forces should be considered not as binary either / or decisions, but as complementary forces that need to be balanced. The analysis is supported by examining the changing practice of HRM in the United Kingdom, France, the USA and Japan. This review shows the main trends and the principal tasks faced by HRM professionals in the 21st century. HRM changes that have taken place in the UK are a reflection, primarily, of changing regulation arising both from the UK government and from membership in the EU, globalization and strong pressures to drive costs downwards. French HR managers are striving to adapt French organizations to the environment by relying on unique practices or practices similar to those implemented in other countries. In late 2000s, the US economy is slowing. Though workers may become easier to find in general, recruitment continues to be challenging in the areas where skill shortages exist. The US workforce will continue to become more diverse. Firms are likely to continue experimenting with variable compensation and high performance work systems to enhance productivity. The change of HR practices in Japanese companies seems to be slow and incremental, carefully avoiding traumatic breaks with the past. Japanese managers have a strong sense of corporate obligation to provide jobs, income and security. On comparing changes in the patterns of HMR in the UK, France, the USA and Japan, the article analyses the peculiarities of HMR in Lithuania as a representative country of the post-soviet bloc. The practice of HRM in Lithuania during 1990–2008 may be separated into two periods. Each period was influenced by controversial groups of factors: traditions that came into being under the soviet regime and the new traditions still undergoing formation. In the first period dominated the so-called "hard" HRM, with the focus on employee control, utmost exploitation of their potential and obtaining the maximum benefit from them, neglect of employees' needs. The lack of qualified workers, increasing emigration and the growing competition in the second period urge the managers to shift attention to "soft" HRM, i.e. to the needs of their employees as one of the key resources of the competitive advantage.

The final work of University Postgraduate studies, 65 pages, 18 figures, 3 tables, 57 references, 1 appendix, Lithuanian language. KEY WORDS: agriculture, integration, globalization, liberalization of markets, World Trade Organization. The object of research – Lithuanian agriculture in the context of globalization. The aim of work – to analyze the impact of globalization on the Lithuanian agriculture on the ground of the modern globalization conception. Seeking the aim, the tasks are: 1) to analyze the changes of agriculture in the context of globalization; 2) to analyze the impact of globalization on Lithuanian agriculture; 3) to identify the development problems and perspectives of agriculture in the context of globalization. Methods of research – the analysis of scientific literature, induction, deduction, statistical data compilation and analysis, graphical depiction methods. According to scientific publication articles, monographs, strategic documents of EU, Lithuanian agriculture and rural areas development, legal documents, material gained on the conferences and internet, Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania and World Trade Organization, World Bank database information.

The final work of University Postgraduate studies, 65 pages, 18 figures, 3 tables, 57 references, 1 appendix, Lithuanian language. KEY WORDS: agriculture, integration, globalization, liberalization of markets, World Trade Organization. The object of research – Lithuanian agriculture in the context of globalization. The aim of work – to analyze the impact of globalization on the Lithuanian agriculture on the ground of the modern globalization conception. Seeking the aim, the tasks are: 1) to analyze the changes of agriculture in the context of globalization; 2) to analyze the impact of globalization on Lithuanian agriculture; 3) to identify the development problems and perspectives of agriculture in the context of globalization. Methods of research – the analysis of scientific literature, induction, deduction, statistical data compilation and analysis, graphical depiction methods. According to scientific publication articles, monographs, strategic documents of EU, Lithuanian agriculture and rural areas development, legal documents, material gained on the conferences and internet, Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania and World Trade Organization, World Bank database information.

Digital globalization is regarded as the environment for the functioning of the 21st century's university. Problems of digitalization of industries, globalization of markets, growing instability and uncertainty of the environment, increased social inequality, networking, platformization of business models predetermine the importance of university marketing as management focused on global resource markets. The trends in the development of holistic marketing in the era of digital globalization are presented – digitalization and globalization of operations, individualization and democratization of solutions, artificial intellectualization, networking, platformization of activity, co-creation of value with consumers and stakeholders, the growing importance of consumer experience. The guidelines for the development of university marketing in line with digital transformation at the internal and external levels of university management have been proposed: the transition from university rankings to the ranking of people (employees and university students) as a response to the trends of individualization, personalization and networking, the emphasis on intra-university marketing in comparison with external one, the strengthening of intellectual knowledge-valuable promotional tools in comparison with advertising. New guidelines for transformation of management and marketing of the university were defined. ; Цифровая глобализация рассматривается как среда функционирования университета XXI в. Проблемы цифровизации отраслей, глобализации рынков, растущей нестабильности и неопределенности среды, усиления социального неравенства, сетевизации, платформизации бизнес-моделей предопределяют значимость университетского маркетинга как менеджмента, ориентированного на глобальные рынки ресурсов. В статье представлены тренды развития холистического маркетинга эпохи цифровой глобализации: цифровизация и глобализация операций; индивидуализация и демократизация решений; искусственная интеллектуализация; сетевизация; платформизация ...

In this article theoretical aspects of globalization and economic growth connection are analysed while looking for an answer how globalization affect countries economic growth. Three globalization dimensions – economic, social and political – are being examined. An empirical part of the article reviews the research on the impact of globalization on economic growth. The aim is to summarize the results of research carried out by researchers on how globalization and its dimensions affect economic growth. According to the results of the research, conclusions are made on the link between globalization and economic growth.

In this article theoretical aspects of globalization and economic growth connection are analysed while looking for an answer how globalization affect countries economic growth. Three globalization dimensions – economic, social and political – are being examined. An empirical part of the article reviews the research on the impact of globalization on economic growth. The aim is to summarize the results of research carried out by researchers on how globalization and its dimensions affect economic growth. According to the results of the research, conclusions are made on the link between globalization and economic growth.

The globalization phenomenon has become a subject of research in scholastic literature. The impact of globalization is the subject of ongoing debate, which is based more on personal provisions than on objective evidence. A need arises to evaluate the process of globalization based not on a subjective view, but rather on empirical studies grounded in scientific reasoning. Scholars, attempting to add rationality to the discussion, use empirical data, namely indicators of globalization. Such empirical evidence would allow for a more objective assessment of the essence of the globalization process, its scope and impact on various social sectors. Quantitative assessment of globalization is a complex matter, since there is no generally accepted valuation methodology. Different quantitative indicators are used in the separate spheres of globalization: economic, cultural, social, and political. A need to measure the phenomenon of globalization as a whole, to establish an integrated set of indicators, presents itself. Attempts to assess the extent of globalization with one complex set of indicators are a new phenomenon, which has not been studied sufficiently. [.]