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The major policy questions concerning government action in relation to handicapped individuals are reviewed. The terms 'handicapped' & 'disabled' are defined & four broad categories of handicapped are detailed. In total, the handicapped comprise approximately 20% of the population, or 41.4 million people. Included in the discussion are such topics as attitudes toward the handicapped, technology, transportation, architectural barriers, employment, housing, recreation, & education. These factors are examined in terms of specific policy areas concerning the needs of handicapped people. Other policy foci include health screening & prevention of handicapping conditions, & patient & civil rights. The effects of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 are described. G. Simpson.

Defence date: 20 November 2015 ; Examining Board: Professor Russell Cooper, Penn State University, Supervisor; Professor Elena Carletti, EUI & Bocconi University; Professor Yan Bai, University of Rochester; Professor Alexander Guembel, Toulouse School of Economics ; This thesis consists of two chapters exploring how even benevolent governments may struggle to convince their citizens that they will stick to the policies that ensure the best outcomes in equilibrium. If people believe that the government will optimally choose a different policy in the event of a crisis, their reaction to that belief may in fact bring about just such a crisis. This thesis investigates the circumstances in which these kinds of commitment problems can be overcome. The first chapter is on bank resolution, where the choice between resolving insolvent banks and bailing them out creates a time inconsistency problem. To deter banks from taking excessive risks, governments want to convince them that they will choose resolution. However, when facing the costs of liquidating banks, governments may be tempted to bail them out instead. By strengthening their bank resolution regimes, governments reduce these costs, thus credibly committing themselves to choosing resolution over bailouts. Governments with greater resources face a more severe commitment problem. When banks interact strategically, improving the resolution regime can eliminate equilibria in which they coordinate on risky investment strategies. In the second chapter, Antoine Camous and I present a theory linking the cyclicality of fiscal policy to inherited public debt. When debt is low, fiscal policy is countercyclical, in the sense that the government responds to reductions in output by cutting the tax rate. Above a threshold level of debt, however, optimal fiscal policy becomes procyclical. This creates the possibility of self-fulfilling crises, in which output is low because workers expect high taxes, and the government sets high taxes because output is low. Our model suggests why highly indebted governments might implement procyclical fiscal policy during recessions, even without facing high sovereign risk premia.

by Wong Hong Man Thomas. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 67-69). ; Acknowledgements ; Abstracts ; Chapter Chapter1 --- Introduction ; Chapter 1.1 --- Appropriate Role of Government in Economic Development 1 - --- p.3 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Government and Infrastructure --- p.3-4 ; Chapter 1.3 --- "Division of Labor, Intermediate Inputs and Economic Development" --- p.4-6 ; Chapter 1.4 --- "Relationships Among Infrastructure, Intermediate Inputs and Final Goods" --- p.7-11 ; Chapter Chapter2 --- Literature Review ; Chapter 2.1 --- The related Work in Literature of Development Economics --- p.12-14 ; Chapter 2.2 --- The Related Work in Literature of Economics of Infrastructure --- p.14-15 ; Chapter 2.3 --- The Related Work in Literature of Increasing returns to Scale and Multiple Equilibria --- p.15-19 ; Chapter Chapter3 --- The Basic Model ; Chapter 3.1 --- Basic Assumption of the Model --- p.20-20 ; Chapter 3.2 --- Technology and Increasing Returns to Scale --- p.21-23 ; Chapter 3.3 --- Market Equilibrium Conditions --- p.23-25 ; Chapter 3.4 --- Relative Cost Function --- p.25-33 ; Chapter Chapter4 --- Government Policy and Production Cost ; Chapter 4.1 --- Relative Cost Function and the Selection of Equilibrium --- p.34-43 ; Chapter Chapter5 --- Government Policy and National Income ; Chapter 5.1 --- Optimal Level of Public Input --- p.44-50 ; Chapter 5.2 --- The Ranking of Equilibria --- p.50-54 ; Chapter 5.3 --- The Mismatch --- p.54-56 ; Chapter Chapter6 --- Concluding Remarks --- p.57-61 ; Figure 1 --- p.62-62 ; Appendix A --- p.63-63 ; Appendix B --- p.64-66 ; Reference --- p.67-69

Contents are grouped under the headings: Resource management; Social policy; The impact of urban growth; Finance and regulatory reform.

This paper asks: What is the effect of government policy on output and inequality in an environment with education and labor-supply decisions? The answer is given in a general equilibrium model, consistent with the post 1960s facts on male wage inequality and labor supply in the U.S. In the model, education and labor-supply decisions depend on progressive income taxation, the education system, the social security system, and technology-driven wage differentials. Government policies affect output and inequality through two channels. First, a policy change leads to an asymmetric adjustment of working hours and savings of schooled and unschooled individuals. Second, there is a redistribution of the workforce between schooled and unschooled workers. Using a battery of proposed government policies, we demonstrate that skill redistribution dampens the response of wage inequality to a policy change and amplifies the response of output by an additional 1 to 2 percent.

Russian government has prepared the package of measures to help the country's financial system maintain financial stability. The paper discusses the state measures and formulates the propositions of Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (RSPP). The most important ones include coordination of regulators, unsecured refinancing and refinancing of external debts, guarantees of interbank loans, budget deposits in banks. The author analyzes subordinated loans for Russian banks from the state budget, nationalization of several banks and the future of government intervention in the stock market. Special attention is paid to the Deposit Insurance, the development of national credit rating system and the official information policy. The author believes that state measures need the following fine-tuning.

The rapid growth in size and strength of the trade union movement has been one of the most revolutionary developments on the North American continent during the past ten to fifteen years. The very size and scope of this movement, and the tremendous impact which it has had on the national economies of the United States and Canada, have given rise to widespread agitation for greater governmental intervention and control in industrial relations.This agitation has created a serious dilemma. There is as yet no clear and consistent body of principles by which to determine in what manner and to what degree governments should seek to regulate labour-employer relations. There is little agreement as to what the primary objective of governmental policy should be. Should it concentrate on reducing strikes and lockouts to the absolute minimum? Or (which is not the same thing by any means) should it be concerned primarily with encouraging collective bargaining as a means of achieving stable and harmonious day-to-day relations? Should it seek to bring about an exact "balance of power" between organized labour and employers by an equal distribution of legal privileges to and equal restrictions upon each party? Or is its primary duty to protect the rights and liberties of individuals against the possible abuse of power by either or both parties?