Suchergebnisse

Handwritten letter from G.H. Daigneau, Ministère des Affaires Culturelles ; https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/michaud-1974-1985/1036/thumbnail.jpg

There have been few studies of Canadian minority governments despite the fact that between 1957 and 2008, 9 of the 18 general federal elections produced minority governments. How such governments manage to remain in power (viability) and gain support for their legislative proposals (effectiveness) has not been investigated thoroughly. Three theoretical perspectives (the rational choice tradition, new institutionalism, and the party politics and party systems approach) are used to examine the dynamics at play.

Doctor's dissertation--Paris University. ; Bibliography p. [121]-125. ; Mode of access: Internet.

This work is a study of administrative corruption from an historical perspective. It aims to answer questions such as :Can we find general patterns in the development of corruption? And what are the connections between administrative corruption, political corruption and development?

SOMMAIRE/I. The principle of ministerial responsibility/A. Political responsibility/B. Political control/C. The absence of political control/II. The principle of continuity of the State/A. Current business/B. The development of cases courantes/1. The conditions of temps/2. The conditions of espace/3. The conditions for political action/C. The control of cases courantes/1. An ex ante external audit: the Council of Etat/2. An ex ante internal control: on gouvernement/3. An external ex-post control: the Council of Etat/4. An external ex-post control: the Constitutional Court/III. The principle of solidarity ; SOMMAIRE / I. Le principe de la responsabilité ministérielle / A. La responsabilité politique / B. Le contrôle politique / C. L'absence de contrôle politique / II. Le principe de la continuité de l'État / A. Le contour des affaires courantes / B. L'évolution des affaires courantes / 1. Les conditions de temps / 2. Les conditions d'espace / 3. Les conditions de l'action politique / C. Le contrôle des affaires courantes / 1. Un contrôle externe a priori : le Conseil d'Etat / 2. Un contrôle interne a priori : le gouvernement / 3. Un contrôle externe a posteriori : le Conseil d'Etat / 4. Un contrôle externe a posteriori : la Cour constitutionnelle / III. Le principe de solidarité

On an international level, countries face major problems of citizen distrust towards State institutions, episodes of corruption, lack of legitimacy in public decisions and discredited public organizations. Faced with this scenario, initiatives were taken to promote State openness and transparency.In 2011, the Open Government Partnership (hereinafter OGP) was launched worldwide, aimed towards fostering concrete commitments from governments to promote transparency, increase citizen participation in the debate and decision making process of public affairs, combat corruption and take advantage of new technologies to strengthen democratic governance and the quality of public services.In 2015, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, where it established 17 Sustainable Development Goals (hereinafter SDGs) to achieve in the next 15 years. SDG No. 16 refers to promoting peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, facilitating access to justice for all and building effective and inclusive institutions at all levels.Among the goals to achieve this SDG are the following: creation of effective and transparent institutions that are accountable at all levels; ensuring the adoption of inclusive, participatory and representative decisions at all levels, and able to meet the required needs; and guarantee public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms, in accordance with national laws and international agreements. ; On an international level, countries face major problems of citizen distrust towards State institutions, episodes of corruption, lack of legitimacy in public decisions and discredited public organizations. Faced with this scenario, initiatives were taken to promote State openness and transparency.In 2011, the Open Government Partnership (hereinafter OGP) was launched worldwide, aimed towards fostering concrete commitments from governments to promote transparency, increase citizen participation in the debate and decision making process of public affairs, combat corruption and take advantage of new technologies to strengthen democratic governance and the quality of public services.In 2015, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development1, where it established 17 Sustainable Development Goals (hereinafter SDGs) to achieve in the next 15 years. SDG No. 16 refers to promoting peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, facilitating access to justice for all and building effective and inclusive institutions at all levels.Among the goals to achieve this SDG are the following: creation of effective and transparent institutions that are accountable at all levels; ensuring the adoption of inclusive, participatory and representative decisions at all levels, and able to meet the required needs; and guarantee public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms, in accordance with national laws and international agreements.

[extract] Le droit à la liberté d'expression et son indissociable corollaire, la liberté d'information, constituent des prérequis indispensables à l'établissement et au maintien de ces principes dans toute construction ou transition démocratique. Il se fonde sur l'Article 19 de la Déclaration Universelle des Droits de l'Homme qui garantit à tous « le droit de chercher, de recevoir et de répandre les informations et les idées par quelque moyen que ce soit ». Être en mesure d'accéder à l'information publique est en effet un élément essentiel de la bonne gouvernance et l'un des aspects qui permet d'évaluer la gestion démocratique et l'ouverture d'une société à la participation des citoyens. L'accès à l'information permet aux citoyens d'évaluer les actions de leurs institutions et gouvernements ; il constitue la base pour un débat éclairé.