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The ancient utopian tradition is very vast. It begins with Homer and the island of the Phaeacians and Hesiod and the golden age. Follow with archaic poets, like Pindar. It even passes by comic poets. But with Socrates it becomes a central problem of philosophy: finding a way to build a just and happy society. Fundamental in ancient utopism is Plato's Republic. To Platonic utopism, Kazantzakis' Odyssey pays tribute: it contemplates the abolition of the family and private property; set free love. It conceives the legislator as an educator of the people. With Plato, with the work of Moro, with those of Yevgeni Zamiatin, Aldous Huxley, Ray Bradbury George Orwell, Kazantzakis in the Odyssey he contracted undeniable debts; also with its time and place. ; La tradición utopista antigua es muy vasta. Comienza con Homero y la isla de los feacios y Hesíodo y la edad de oro. Sigue con poetas arcaicos, como Píndaro. Pasa incluso por poetas cómicos. Pero con Sócrates se vuelve un problema central de la filosofía: encontrar la forma de construir una sociedad justa y feliz. Fundamental en el utopismo antiguo es la República de Platón. Al utopismo platónico rinde tributo la Odisea de Kazantzakis: contempla la abolición de la familia y de la propiedad privada; establece el amor libre. Concibe al legislador como educador del pueblo. Con Platón, con la obra de Moro, con las de Yevgeni Zamiatin, Aldous Huxley, Ray Bradbury, George Orwell, Kazantzakis en la Odisea contrajo deudas innegables; también con su tiempo y su lugar.

The classic greek tragedies narrate conflicts and confrontations taht have been taught and shapped by the tragic poets. They have been typified in the ancient myths which they have received. The uprising greek cities with their new order and new institution throughout the tragic works confront the old institutions and traditions that nowadays are being questioned and discussed, and with them the notions of human responsability and will are asked for before the gods' empire and their corolary about man's fate. These notions are at the same time required by the creation of rights and the government of laws rather than gods' or man's. This essay finds out about the statute of these thesis in two tragic works in greek literature: "Chained Prometeo" by Esquilo and "Bacants" by Euripides. ; Las tragedias clásicas griegas narran conflictos y confrontaciones entre tradiciones transmitidas y moldeadas por los poetas trágicos tipificadas en los antiguos mitos que ellos han recibido. Las nacientes ciudades griegas, con su nuevo orden y sus nuevas instituciones, se enfrentan a través de las obras trágicas a las viejas tradiciones e instituciones que son ahora cuestionadas y discutidas, y con ellas las nociones de responsabilidad y voluntad humanas son reclamadas ante el imperio de los dioses y su corolario acerca del destino del hombre. Nociones que a su vez son exigidas por la creación del derecho y el gobierno de las leyes, ya no de los dioses ni de los hombres. El ensayo indaga, por el estatuto de estas tesis en dos obras trágicas de la literatura griega: "Prometeo Encadenado" de Esquilo y las "Bacantes" de Eurípides.

Los discursos militares que presenta la "Batracomiomaquia"son creaciones de un poeta que juega con la tradición literaria griega. Analizamos los rasgos distintivos que presentan, la interrelación que existe entre ellos y, finalmente, intentaremos clasificarlos según las normas retóricas ; "Military speeches in Batrachomyomachia". In this paper, we show that the military speeches that appear in "Batrachomyomachia"are creations of a poet playing with the Greek literary tradition. We analyse their distinctive qualities, their elements and functions, as well as their interrelations. Finally, we try making a classification according to rhetorical norms.

En un momento de cambios de paradigma entre el mundo romano que se encamina hacia su final y la nueva situación jurídica, social y cultural del cristianismo, san Jerónimo representa el ejemplo de los autores y pensadores cristianos que intentan conjugar ambas esferas. Con una gran formación clásica adquirida en las escuelas imperiales cuando todavía no se ha desarrollado una formación específicamente cristiana, san Jerónimo se debate entre la utilidad de dicha formación propedéutica frente a la necesidad espiritual de dedicarse a la literatura teológica. ; In a time of changes of paradigm between the Roman world that approached its end and the new political, social and cultural situation of Christianity, saint Jerome represents the example of christian writers and philosophers who try to bring both worlds together. With a great classical education from the imperial educational system, due to the fact that a specific christian educational system had not been yet developed, saint Jerome struggles between the benefits of such propedeutic education and the spiritual need of focusing in theological literature.

In order to study the development of the Spanish reception of Modern and Contemporary Greek literature in the second half of the twentieth century and approach more fully the present-day state of the question, it is necessary to avoid a consideration of these five decades as if they constituted a homogeneous period. For the objectives of our study it is posible to distinguish three phases. The first covers the period from the first Spanish editions of the work of Casantsakis (1959) and the poetry of C.P. Cavafis (1962) to the death of the dictator and the beginning of the Spanish transition to democracy (1975). The second one covers the years from 1976 (first publication of Cavafy's 154 canon poems a few months after Franco´s death) to 1992, an emblematic year in the recent history of Spain. The third phase goes from 1993 to 2005, year in which Liber, the International Book Fair in Madrid, was dedicated to Greece.

Peer reviewed ; [EN] The author believes that the study of later Greek is neglected at least when compared with later Latin. He analyzes the influx of biblical Greek for t11e constitution o£ the Greek of the Cluistians8 and also the repercussion on it of the History of Christianism in its relations with pagan culture. . Re believes that methodologically, it is right to study Greek as a whole but it is justified to say Greek of the Christians because of the judeo-bilical component absent from other later Greek group-languages. This «Greek of the Christians is formed in different steps and it cannot be found in al1 authors, hut it is mostly found in popular literary genres which escape from the atticist wave and from the uniformity of literary koine.

Este artículo trata de repasar cuestiones histórico-literarias todavía sin dilucidar, tales como la fecha de arcontado de Solón y su doble vertiente como poeta-sophós, así como algunos problemas en torno a la subdivisión de su obra elegíaca y política. También se analizan, verso por verso, tanto la poética de Solón y aspectos de "realia", como la estructura narrativa de suElegía a las Musas. ; This paper deals with a particular review on Solon's Political Poems and literary Questions which have been scarcely discussed, such as the date in which Solon became archon or his double condition as "poet" and "sophós", as well as some problems about the subdivision of his elegiac and Political Poetry. A contrastive analysis is provided on Solon's Poetry as a whole, with specific verses under study from hisElegy to the Muses.

Starting with an outline an overview of the ancient Greek literature on the notion of therapy and on who oversees such activity, the text highlights that originally the term "therapy" refers to a much more general care or service that culminated in body care under a medical connotation, with the special case of Hippocrates. Subsequently, in Plato the word "therapist" focuses on care for the mind and soul, whose characteristics and procedures are stipulated by the Greek philosopher.

The Povest vremmenykh let is supposed the most ancient Russian chronicle. Both its sources and ideology reveal the debt to Greek chronicles, but it is really original as well. An approach to the first part of the chronicle, a kind of "introduction" to universal history from the creation of the world to the very Russian history, will show some important aspects of the medieval historiographical genres, the cultural and political relations between the Kievan Rus and the Byzantine Empire and the formation of Russian identity. ; Se supone que el Povest vremennyj let es el testimonio más antiguo de la cronística rusa que conservamos. Tanto sus fuentes como su ideología revelan su deuda con las crónicas griegas, pero también se trata de una obra muy original. Un acercamiento a la primera parte de la crónica, una especie de "introducción" a la historia universal desde la creación del mundo hasta la historia rusa propiamente dicha, pone de manifiesto algunos aspectos importantes de los géneros historiográficos medievales, de las relaciones culturales y políticas entre la Rus de Kíev y el Imperio bizantino, y de la formación de la identidad rusa.

El presente trabajo, cuyo alcance matizaremos más adelante, tiene su origen en las lecturas previas a una edición del tratado de Quevedo sobre la Doctrina estoica que venimos pergeñando. Hizo también que nos pareciera oportuno un esbozo de este tema el hecho de que en la bibliografía sobre Quevedo no hayamos encontrado ningún título que pretenda abarcar de manera global la presencia de la "cultura griega" en sus escritos'. ; The aim of this paper is to provide a general about the open question of the limitations of Quevedo's knowledge of Greek and to examine the numerous mentions and quotations of Greek authors that can be found in his prose writings. These references, in addition to be used in order to recreate themes of the Greek literature, ha ve other purpose: they support his political, philosophical, ethical and literary thesis and his commitment to christianize the antiquity.

Este artículo trata de repasar cuestiones histórico-literarias todavía sin dilucidar, tales como la fecha de arcontado de Solón y su doble vertiente como poeta-"sophós", así como algunos problemas en torno a la subdivisión de su obra elegíaca y política. También se analizan, verso por verso, tanto la poética de Solón y aspectos de "realia", como la estructura narrativa de su "Elegía a las musas". ; This paper deals with a particular review on Solon's Political Poems and Literary Questions which have been scarcely discussed, such as the date in which Solon became archon or his double condition as "poet" and "sophós", as well as some problems about the subdivision of his Elegiac and Political Poetry. A contrastive analysis is provided on Solon's Poetry as a whole, with specific verses under study from his "Elegy to the muses". ; peerReviewed

Summary: The development of geography during the ice-growing period was driven, on the one hand, by Alejandro's conquests which expanded oikoumene horizons into territories unknown to the Greek world, and, on the other, by a geographical tradition which linked elements of other disciplines, such as: literature, philosophy, techné and history. Traditionally, the concept of oikoumene is understood as the space where Greek culture expands and develops. Throughout the second century BC, in his search for universal dominance, Rome managed to dominate Greek space politically, but in turn became part of the Greek oikoumene. This work proposes to consider that the Greek history used resources from the Greek geographical tradition to shape a new space, composed of the Greco-helenist world and the Roman territories of the western Mediterranean basin. To this end, an analysis will be carried out of the Historics of Polibio, which, with a universal aim, integrated the elements of the Greek geography in order to build a new concept of oikoumene. ; Resumen: El desarrollo de la geografía durante el período helenístico, por un lado, estuvo determinado por las conquistas de Alejandro que expandieron los horizontes de la oikoumene hacia territorios desconocidos para el mundo griego, y por otro, por una tradición geográfica que relacionó elementos de otras disciplinas, tales como: la literatura, la filosofía, la techné y la historia. Tradicionalmente el concepto de oikoumene se entiende como el espacio donde se expande y desarrolla la cultura griega. A lo largo del siglo II a.C., en su búsqueda de dominio universal, Roma logró dominar políticamente el espacio griego, pero integrándose a su vez a la oikoumene griega. El presente trabajo propone considerar que la historiografía helenística utilizó recursos de la tradición geográfica griega para lograr configurar un nuevo espacio, compuesto por el mundo greco-helenístico y los territorios incorporados a dominio romanos de la cuenca mediterránea occidental. Para ello se realizará un ...

This paper surveys the use that some Greek authors of the Roman imperial period made of the name 'Marathon' and of what this name entailed. The works of Plutarch, Lucian, Aelius Aristides, Pausanias, Athenaeus or Polemon belong to different literary genres and are also diverse in their purpose, but all these authors and their public share a rhetorical and literary education stemming from the Greek paideia. The interest of our analysis lies in finding out meaning, objectives, or intentions of these Greek authors by referring in their own time, the first centuries AD, when Rome already held political power over the Greek world, to the glorious Greek past that Marathon represents.