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Abstract only ; This study surveyed the body of existing traditional literature for Iloilo, Antique and Guimaras. The basic objectives of the study were to collect a body of traditional manuscripts for the area and to determine which genres are extinct or extant. The methodology of this research is likened to a treasure hunt, operating on a hit and miss procedure. The search for manuscripts began with known entities like libraries, indigenous centers, the internet, and local printing presses. It also pursued word-of-mouth leads about people known to be writers of traditional literature. This study collected a variety of traditional manuscripts in Hiligaynon, Kinaray-a, Inati and translations in Tagalog and English representing the following literary periods: Early Bisayan, Spanish Colonial, American Colonial, Japanese Colonial, Philippine Republic, Philippines after EDSA, and Philippines in the 21st Century. The study revealed the following: literature follows a language instead of a political map; traditional literature in Hiligaynon, Kinaray, and Inati documented in the Early Bisayan Period are extant; and traditional literature did not become extinct rather evolved into modified forms with the coming of the Spanish and American colonizers.

Agricultural communities frequently encounter lack of support from various political actors. The local government units (LGUs) are responsible for initiating measures for improving community capitals towards fostering growth and development to mango farming communities. This descriptive qualitative study provides an understanding regarding the initiatives of the LGU in enhancing the community capitals in the Guimaras, Philippines mango farming community. The community capitals framework (CCF) served as a lens and guide. Semi-structured interview guides and participant observation are instrumental in data gathering from five key informants. Findings revealed that LGU provided various programs and initiatives to help enhancing the community capitals of the mango sector; thus, LGU as a political actor and development enabler has significant roles in fostering community development. Recommendations in this study are essential to the LGU further to enhance the community capitals of the mango farming sector. In gist, there is a crucial need to focus more on building social networks within the community, establish proper means for transporting the mango product, and strengthen community education on agriculture among the youth to be involved in the development of mango industry.

Agricultural communities frequently encounter lack of support from various political actors. The local government units (LGUs) are responsible for initiating measures for improving community capitals towards fostering growth and development to mango farming communities. This descriptive qualitative study provides an understanding regarding the initiatives of the LGU in enhancing the community capitals in the Guimaras, Philippines mango farming community. The community capitals framework (CCF) served as a lens and guide. Semi-structured interview guides and participant observation are instrumental in data gathering from five key informants. Findings revealed that LGU provided various programs and initiatives to help enhancing the community capitals of the mango sector; thus, LGU as a political actor and development enabler has significant roles in fostering community development. Recommendations in this study are essential to the LGU further to enhance the community capitals of the mango farming sector. In gist, there is a crucial need to focus more on building social networks within the community, establish proper means for transporting the mango product, and strengthen community education on agriculture among the youth to be involved in the development of mango industry.

Under conditions of limited time, resources, and attention, appraisal of responses to threats of industrial pollution presents formidable challenges for governance and disaster preparedness. A community's social dynamics could very well explain how the responses to such perturbations are made and what inherent traits of the household/community make them adaptive to disasters. Using both qualitative and quantitative approaches in research, this study looked at the collective action and adaptive capacity of communities affected by an oil spill. Questionnaire was fielded out to elicit data on communities' quantitative level of adaptive capacity and focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, observations, and narrative analysis were employed for qualitative data. The oil spill experience reveals three forms of collectivity: actions through formal organizations, informal organizations and spontaneous actions -- all anchored on residents' varying motives, and intentions. Collective action when harnessed by personal agency results into desired trajectories thus strengthening communities' adaptive capacity. A household adaptive capacity index (HACI) consisting of demographic structure, economic well-being, interconnectivity to higher level processes, and dependence on a resource-- as indicator of measuring adaptive capacity was devised and employed in selected communities affected by oil spill in Guimaras, Philippines. Ten percent or 88 households were randomly selected as survey respondents. In the outcome, the communities were fairly adaptable (with HACI of 55.43) to the perturbations. It was concluded that a strong social capital, high economic well-being, and less dependence on a single resource for livelihood made the household highly adaptable to environmental stresses.

Under conditions of limited time, resources, and attention, appraisal of responses to threats of industrial pollution presents formidable challenges for governance and disaster preparedness. A community's social dynamics could very well explain how the responses to such perturbations are made and what inherent traits of the household community make them adaptive to disasters. Using both qualitative and quantitative approaches in research this study looked at the collective action and adaptive capacity communities affected by an oil spill. Questionnaire was fielded out to elicit data on communities' quantitative level of adaptive capacity and focus group discussion, in- depth interviews, observations, and narrative analysis were employed for qualitative data. The oil spill experience reveals three forms of collectivity: actions through formal organizations, informal organizations and spontaneous actions-all anchored on residents' varying motives, and intentions. Collective action when harnessed by personal agency results into desired trajectories thus strengthening communities' adaptive capacity. A household adaptive capacity index (HACI) consisting of demographic structure, economic well-being interconnecttivity to higher level processes, and dependence on a resource- as indicator of measuring adaptive capacity was devised and employed in selective communities affected by oil spill in Guimaras, Philippines. Ten percent or 88 households were randomly selected as survey respondents. In the outcome, the communities were fairly adaptable (with HACI of 55.43) to the perturbations. It was concluded that a strong social capital, high economic well-being, and less dependence on a single resource for livelihood made the household highly adaptable to environmental stresses.