Suchergebnisse

To date, little has been written about the implementation of utilizing food safety informatics as a technological tool to protect consumers, in real-time, against foodborne illnesses. Food safety outbreaks have become a major public health problem, causing an estimated 48 million illnesses, 128,000 hospitalizations, and 3,000 deaths in the U.S. each year. Yet, government inspectors/regulators that monitor foodservice operations struggle with how to collect, organize, and analyze data; implement, monitor, and enforce safe food systems. Currently, standardized technologies have not been implemented to efficiently establish "near-in-time" or "just-in-time" electronic awareness to enhance early detection of public health threats regarding food safety. To address the potential impact of collection, organization and analyses of data in a foodservice operation, a wireless food safety informatics (FSI) tool was pilot tested at a university student foodservice center. The technological platform in this test collected data every six minutes over a 24 hour period, across two primary domains: time and temperatures within freezers, walk-in refrigerators and dry storage areas. The results of this pilot study briefly illustrated how technology can assist in food safety surveillance and monitoring by efficiently detecting food safety abnormalities related to time and temperatures so that efficient and proper response in "real time" can be addressed to prevent potential foodborne illnesses.

Affecting more than 800 million people, food insecurity is a global problem that runs deeper than hunger and undernutrition. In addition to the obvious impact on physical well-being, food insecurity can result in risky coping strategies, increased expenditures on medical costs or transportation, and mental health issues. A review of the concepts and impacts of food insecurity through the lens of public health, Food Insecurity and Public Health details the complex issue of food insecurity and explores its reach beyond economics and agronomics. The book guides you through the fundamentals, beginning with theory, and the challenges in measuring it, and moving on to the impact of food insecurity on health. The book details the implications of food insecurity on public health practice, including epidemiology and outcomes of diseases such as HIV, TB, and non-communicable diseases, and the specific impact on women's health. It closes with case studies from the Navajo Nation, Kenya, and Southern Africa, offering the opportunity to learn from real-life successes and challenges. Each chapter also considers programs or interventions that have been used to attempt to address the issue, including a discussion of the US federal food stamps program. In truth, however, there continues to be a dearth of data on the ways in which programs can effectively address the problem of food insecurity at the household, community, or district level in either the short or long term-beyond, of course, the elimination of poverty, which is no doubt a root cause of the problem. The book gives you context for considering the links between food insecurity and health, and a framework for seeking integrated solutions to both problems.

Foodborne diseases: disease burden / S.V. Bhaskar -- Foodborne infectious diseases / R.K. Gupta -- Outbreak investigation of foodborne illnesses / A. Khera -- Surveillance of foodborne illnesses / A. Khera -- Role of risk analysis and risk communicaiton in food safety management / D.P. Attrey -- An ayurvedic perspective on food safety / J. Kumar -- Food safety in modern society: changing trends of food production and consumption / P. Dudeja, A. Singh -- Food toxicology: past, present, and the future (the Indian perspective) / S.P. Singh, S. Kaur, D. Singh -- Toxicological profile of Indian foods: ensuring food safety in India / S.P. Singh, S. Kaur, D. Singh -- Detection of food adulterants/contaminants / D.P. Attrey -- Recent advances in detection of food adulteration / D. Banerjee, S. Chowdhary, S. Chakraborty, R. Bhattacharyya -- Role of public health food safety laboratories in detection of adulterants/contaminants / D.P. Attrey -- Food-safety issues related to plant foods at farms / P. Dudeja, A. Singh -- Food safety from farm-to-fork: food safety issues related to animal foods at farm / P. Dudeja, A. Singh -- Food safety from farm-to-fork: food safety issues related to processing / P. Dudeja, A. Singh -- Food safety issues in production of foods of animal origin and from farm to plate / D.P. Attrey -- Safe storage and cooking practices for foods of animal origin in home kitchen before consumption / D.P. Attrey -- Role of government authorities in food safety / P. Dudeja, A. Singh -- Local governing bodies / R.K. Gupta -- Role of food business operators in food safety / P. Dudeja, A. Singh -- Food handlers / P. Dudeja, A. Singh -- Consumers / P. Dudeja, R.K. Gupta -- Public health professionals and food safety / R.K. Gupta -- Role of veterinary experts in food safety / D.P. Attrey -- Researchers and food safety / R.K. Gupta, P. Dudeja -- Role of hotel management and catering technology institutes in ensuring food safety / I. Kaur -- Food safety in large organized eating establishments / P. Dudeja, A. Singh -- Design and construction of eating establishments for ensuring food safety / P.K. Ahuja -- Safe cooking practices and food safety in home kitchen and eating establishment / P. Dudeja, A. Singh -- Food safety in schools, canteens, hostel messes, mid-day meal scheme, ICDS / R.K. Gupta -- Food safety issues related to street vendors / S. Malhotra -- Food safety during travel / S. Kathirvel -- Food safety during fairs and festivals / G. Ghose, I. Saha -- Food safety during disasters / R.K. Gupta -- Relevant food safety regulations and policies / D.P. Attrey -- Food safety policies in agriculture and food security with traceability / D.P. Attrey -- Food safety in international food trade: imports and exports / D.P. Attrey -- Regulation of advertisement for food products in India: advertisement for food products / S. Bajaj -- Nutritional labeling / P. Dudeja, R.K. Gupta -- Nutraceuticals / P. Dudeja, R.K. Gupta -- Regulatory requirements for labeling, health and nutritional claim / D.P. Attrey -- Genetically modified (GM) foods: the food security dilemma / J. Dutta -- Organic farming: is it a solution to safe food / M. Bansal -- Safety and quality of frozen foods / D.P. Attrey -- Ready to eat meals / R.K. Gupta, P. Dudeja -- Food packaging / R.K. Gupta, P. Dudeja -- Information technology (IT) in food safety / R.K. Gupta.

Cover -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- About the Editors -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- A historical perspective -- The current situation -- Changing face of food safety in the 21st century -- References -- Section 1 - Epidemiological aspects of foodborne diseases -- Chapter 1 - Foodborne diseases-disease burden -- 1.1 - Introduction -- 1.2 - Factors affecting burden of FBD -- 1.3 - Foodborne zoonotic diseases -- 1.4 - Noninfection-based FBD -- 1.5 - Seasonal variation of FBD -- 1.6 - Challenges in assessment of burden of FBD

'Food and Public Health' is an easy to read text that helps students understand the history of modern issues in public health nutrition and health promotion. The work's chapters include practical real-world applications and cases, which serve as examples for extension activities.

The progress made in plant biotechnology has provided an opportunity to new food crops being developed having desirable traits for improving crop yield, reducing the use of agrochemicals and adding nutritional properties to staple crops. However, genetically modified (GM) crops have become a subject of intense debate in which opponents argue that GM crops represent a threat to individual freedom, the environment, public health and traditional economies. Despite the advances in food crop agriculture, the current world situation is still characterised by massive hunger and chronic malnutrition, representing a major public health problem. Biofortified GM crops have been considered an important and complementary strategy for delivering naturally-fortified staple foods to malnourished populations. Expert advice and public concern have led to designing strategies for assessing the potential risks involved in cultivating and consuming GM crops. The present critical review was aimed at expressing some conflicting points of view about the potential risks of GM crops for public health. It was concluded that GM food crops are no more risky than those genetically modified by conventional methods and that these GM crops might contribute towards reducing the amount of malnourished people around the world. However, all this needs to be complemented by effective political action aimed at increasing the income of people living below the poverty-line.

The progress made in plant biotechnology has provided an opportunity to new food crops being developed having desirable traits for improving crop yield, reducing the use of agrochemicals and adding nutritional properties to staple crops. However, genetically modified (GM) crops have become a subject of intense debate in which opponents argue that GM crops represent a threat to individual freedom, the environment, public health and traditional economies. Despite the advances in food crop agriculture, the current world situation is still characterised by massive hunger and chronic malnutrition, representing a major public health problem. Biofortified GM crops have been considered an important and complementary strategy for delivering naturally-fortified staple foods to malnourished populations. Expert advice and public concern have led to designing strategies for assessing the potential risks involved in cultivating and consuming GM crops. The present critical review was aimed at expressing some conflicting points of view about the potential risks of GM crops for public health. It was concluded that GM food crops are no more risky than those genetically modified by conventional methods and that these GM crops might contribute towards reducing the amount of malnourished people around the world. However, all this needs to be complemented by effective political action aimed at increasing the income of people living below the poverty-line.

In this report, we try to approach the question "Is organic food healthier than conventional food?" from a scientific perspective. We can conclude that science does not provide a clear answer to this question. A small number of animal studies and epidemiological studies on health effects from the consumption of organic vs. conventional feed/food have been performed. These studies indicate that the production system of the food has some influence on the immune system of the consuming animal or human. However, such effects are not easily interpreted as positive or negative for health. The chemical composition of plants is affected by the production system; however, the relevance for human health is unclear, and when one focuses on single compounds such as vitamins, the picture is diffuse with small differences between production systems but large variations between studies. The composition of dairy products is definitely influenced by the organic vs. conventional husbandry systems due to different feeding regimes in these systems. From today's knowledge of the functions of fatty acids, the composition of organic milk is more favorable for humans than the composition of conventional milk, due to a higher content of omega-3 fatty acids. However, less is known about other animal products, and dairy fats contribute little to the population's intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids, so the importance for human health is small. For pesticides, organic food consumption substantially lowers pesticide exposure. According to European governmental bodies, pesticide residues in food are unlikely to have long-term effects on the health of consumers. There are however some important epidemiological studies, and uncertainties in pesticide regulation that may justify a precautionary approach for vulnerable population groups. All the small pieces of evidence collected in this report justify more attention being paid to conducting epidemiological studies on the preference for organic vs. conventional food. From animal studies (namely on chicken health), from functional knowledge of fatty acids, and from epidemiological studies of pesticide effects, it would be possible to formulate interesting research hypotheses that could be tested in long-term studies of humans, dedicated to investigating potential health effects of conventional vs. organic food.