Suchergebnisse

Efforts to empower the poor communities in urban areas are still very urgent at this time. Although the number of poor communities in urban areas is decreasing, the rate is not significant. Empowerment needs to place poor urban as the main actors and the government as facilitators and motivators. This research aims to provide a scientific description of the causes of poverty and the empowerment model for the poor urban in Makassar city, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The research method used is qualitative with a narrative strategy. The research participantss were as many as five low-income households in an urban area. The data collection technique used in-depth interviews with participants. Field observations were also made related to participants' social life and literature studies to strengthen the interview and observation data. Data analysis takes three ways: data reduction, data display, and verification/conclusion drawing. The result showed three factors that cause urban poverty: natural, cultural, and structural. The empowerment model was implemented by understanding the problems encountered, developing problem-solving strategies, understanding the importance of making planned changes, and strengthening the urban poor's capacity. ; Upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat miskin di perkotaan masih sangat mendesak saat ini. Meski jumlah masyarakat miskin di perkotaan menurun, angka tersebut tidak signifikan. Pemberdayaan perlu menempatkan masyarakat miskin perkotaan sebagai aktor utama dan pemerintah sebagai fasilitator dan motivator. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran ilmiah tentang penyebab kemiskinan dan model pemberdayaan masyarakat miskin perkotaan di kota Makassar, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan strategi naratif. Partisipan penelitian adalah sebanyak lima rumah tangga berpenghasilan rendah di wilayah perkotaan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam dengan partisipan. Pengamatan lapangan juga dilakukan terkait kehidupan sosial partisipan dan studi literatur untuk memperkuat data wawancara dan observasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan tiga cara yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi / penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiga faktor penyebab kemiskinan perkotaan: alamiah, budaya, dan struktural. Model pemberdayaan dilaksanakan dengan memahami permasalahan yang dihadapi, menyusun strategi pemecahan masalah, memahami pentingnya melakukan perubahan yang terencana, dan memperkuat kapasitas masyarakat miskin perkotaan.

The article deals with the factors that affect the tax morale of the population of the Visegrad Four countries, i.e. Poland, Hungary, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. The evaluation of the answers of the respondents of the European Values Study to the question of whether they justify tax evasion serves as an indicator of tax morale. The authors work on the one hand with the frequency of answers expressing a complete rejection of fraud and on the other hand with average answers on a scale from 1 to 10. Respondents from Slovakia were found to be justifying tax fraud the most, and Polish and Hungarian residents agreed with tax evasion the least. Furthermore, the dependence of tax morale on gender, religion and satisfaction with the political system was analysed. Using contingency tables, it was found that all the monitored factors have a statistically significant effect on the tendency of people to justify tax evasion. The only exceptions were the factor of religion in the Czech Republic and the influence of satisfaction with the political system in Poland, where the relationship with tax morale was not confirmed.