Suchergebnisse

The article covers the history of the notarial districts formation in Ukraine. The subject matter of the study is the retrospective of notarial districts formation in Ukraine as well as the development of the grounded proposals for respective legislation improvement. The methodological basis of the study were general scientific (analysis, comparison and modelling) and special (formal and logical) methods of cognition. The notary territorial competence influence on the formation of notarial districts is considered. The author has proved that the notary territorial competence in the context of national legislation is understood as the basis for the notary districts formation. The research suggests the analysis of 4 stages of notary formation and development in Ukraine: early years of independence, establishment of the maximum number of notaries, the years of uncertainty and the current stage, characterized by changes due to administrative-territorial and digital reforms. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that during the early years of independence the legislation, considering the notary territorial competence, was poor, while state intervention into the process of notarial districts allocation was really high. The regulation of the maximum number of notaries and notarial quotas as the legal problem that does not meet today's challenges is revealed. Legislative drafts aiming at regulating the number of notaries and restricting such state intervention in notarial activity have been analysed. The present regulation of the notary territorial competence, as well as legislative updates, considering the administrative-territorial reforms in Ukraine, are studied. The attention is also paid to the administrative-territorial structure as a basis for the allocation of the notary territorial competence. The main concepts of forming the list of notarial districts by the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine are outlined; moreover, their pros and cons are highlighted. The governmental plans to digitalize the state services in terms of launching electronic notaries for remote notarial acts are mentioned. The offer to improve the principles of notary districts system in order to increase the availability of notarial acts to the population is given (driven by the examples of regional notary districts in Kyiv and Sevastopol aiming at providing remote notarial acts). Taking into account the Constitutional provisions, the need to consolidate the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine authorities is justified in context of approving the list of notarial districts in the Law of Ukraine "On Notaries". Keywords: territorial competence of a notary, maximum number of notaries, administrative-territorial structure, administrative-territorial unit, quotas of notaries, availability of notarial acts

The article deals with aspects of the interconnection of the phenomena of social trauma and social conflict, especially in the context of modern Ukrainian society, as well as in the context of the problems of Ukrainian studies discourse. The authors note the extreme importance of the phenomenon of social trauma in the state of health, in the vital program of the individual, in the collective self-identification of social groups, in particular of nations, and the problems and specifics of the manifestation of social trauma in philosophical and sociological sciences. Social trauma is capable to influence the personality's understanding of the meaning of its existence, the interpretation of the direction of development of social processes, the content of interpersonal and intergroup relations in the society. As a result of the defeat of one of the parties of a social conflict, the trauma itself can turn into a conflict factor in the social organism. The authors emphasize the diverse impact of social trauma on the emergence and course of social conflicts in interpersonal and intergroup spheres in the history and contemporary realities of Ukrainian society. It is emphasized that social trauma can be caused not only by real but also by fictional events, which can also cause social conflicts. The article emphasizes the extremely important role of the value positions of the subjects of social conflict in the ranking of traumatic events in the Convention of Ukrainian Studies, shows the influence of these positions on the interethnic and interclass relations in Ukraine. The peculiarities of the connection of social trauma with social conflicts in the life of the modern Ukrainian society in the post-truth situation are also analyzed. The authors emphasize that provoking social conflict by means of creating a post-truth situation if post-truth speculates on real or imagined social trauma is especially dangerous for the society. An ongoing social conflict will be deep and lasting. The manipulation of historical facts by placing them in a post-truth situation is illustrated in the article by facts from the sphere of hybrid warfare conducted by the Russian Federation in the eastern territories of Ukraine. The article explores several aspects of the impact of social trauma on social conflicts in the context of anomie in the spiritual life of the Ukrainian society.

The article examines the state policy in the field of health care in the leading European countries: Sweden, Germany and France. The purpose
of this article is to analyze and systematize the basic organizational and legal foundations of state health policy in the EU and to develop recommendations for improving and reforming the Ukrainian health care system. The research was carried out in terms of the principles of historicism,
objectivity, versatility, complementarity and validity, which created a reliable methodological basis for a comprehensive analysis of the subject. The
work used comparative law, formal law, system-structural, classification method, modelling method, specific statistics, historical law and other
methods of scientific analysis in accordance with the subject of research.
The paper argues that public health policy is unique in each country, and its formation has been influenced by the historical past, political regime, national mentality and other factors. The article emphasizes the need to create a special code of laws in this area in Ukraine during the reform
of the health care system, which will contribute to the quality of legal regulation of relations between patients, health care facilities, insurance companies and the state. The authors believe that one of the further directions of reforming the health care system of Ukraine should first of all be the
introduction of compulsory state health insurance. It is substantiated that insurance should be carried out on a tripartite basis: deductions from the
income of entrepreneurs, deductions from the state budget and insurance premiums. The need to strengthen measures aimed at preventing the
occurrence of the disease has been proved.

The main topic of the article is the analysis of political views and ideological conceptions of the Ukrainian political emigration after WWII also known as the Third wave of Emigration. According to the done overview it is shown, that the Ukrainian political emigration of the after-war period was politically and ideologically heterogeneous community which activity in political area on theoretical and practical levels had mostly conflicting character. The common principles were however the idea of the national independent of Ukraine as well as aspiration to overthrow of the Soviet communist power. Meanwhile the differences in the views of the most influenced political circles consisted in various strategies and tactics of the liberation struggle, in search for allies and the definition of their own role in the liberation movement. An important point for elaboration of principles and methods of the national liberation was the attitude to the Soviet Ukraine, and the positions of different political parties in this case were extended from its recognition as formal and limited form of the national statehood till the deny of its political subjectivity and proclaiming it as a territory occupied by Moscow bolshevist power. An important aspect of the question of attitude towards Soviet Ukraine by different political groups was the fact of the membership of the Ukrainian SSR in the UNO as well as the interpretation of the international and legal role of this fact in the context of defending of political sovereignty and rights of Ukraine. On these examples it is shown, that political views of the Ukrainian emigration constituted a wide pluralistic spectrum from the left to the right political opinions.

Since the great historical event - the proclamation of the Act of Independence of Ukraine, the country has been expanding international cooperation in librarianship. The main areas of international cooperation, which is a priority in research institutions in the library business, are: conducting joint research; organization of international conferences, symposia, congresses and other events. Scientific conferences are one of the forms of dissemination of new information. In the modern information space, scientific institutions play an essential role in developing science, education and culture. Therefore, when evaluating a scientific institution, the number of international scientific and practical seminars, conferences, other events organized by the scientific institution, and materials (including collections of abstracts) of conferences are considered.Among the research institutions of Ukraine, which study the problems of library science, bibliography, bibliology, source studies, document science, archival science, biography, codicology and discography, history of book culture, computer science, social communications, the leading position is held by the most extensive library of Ukraine - the National Library of Ukraine, named after V. I. Vernadsky. Furthermore, the article analyzes the specifics of the organization of scientific conferences in a scientific institution, studies the directions and thematic content of such events, forms of conduct, their frequency during 1991-2021.

The situation in Ukraine concerns the international community since January 2014 and remains a central issue in legal and political science researches. The United Nations Security Council (UN) was not only unable to prevent the conflict but also to take any possible steps to resolve it. As a result, a number of regional European organizations have been involved in the crisis in eastern Ukraine. The article discusses the mechanisms of activity of key European structures and organizations which aim at preventing, mitigating and resolving the conflict in Ukraine. The specifics of the methods used by each organization are determined, the success of their activities is evaluated, and the ways of increasing their effectiveness and involvement in resolving the Russian-Ukrainian conflict are suggested. The international response of the European community to the conflict in Crimea and eastern Ukraine has been investigated. The approaches, activities and efforts of the OSCE, the EU and the Council of Europe to address the conflict are reviewed. As the crisis in Ukraine deepened, the tasks of the OSCE Monitoring Mission included the following: facilitating access of international experts to the MH17 crash place, monitoring the implementation of Minsk agreements, facilitating the dialogue on local level to achieve a temporary ceasefire, participating in humanitarian sector coordination groups, ongoing supplying with the information regional, national and international media on the current state of conflict. Accordingly, the situation should not be confined solely to the conflict between Ukraine and Russia, as it poses a threat not only to the territorial integrity of Ukraine but also to security in Europe, so the activities of international organizations should be assessed comprehensively with a focus on the need for international law to be respected by all parties concerned.

The article is devoted to highlighting the importance of the process of decommunization in the study of the forbidden by Soviet ideology themes and personalities in the history of philosophy of Ukraine, namely: the history of neo-Thomism and the work of its representative, the historian of philosophy Fr. M. Conrad (1876–1941). The author establishes how the ideological pressure of the Soviet system influenced the course of historical and philosophical research in Ukraine and what were its consequences; whether Ukrainian historians of philosophy of the Soviet period could study the philosophical views of M. Conrad; if so, in what way and for what reasons was it not done? The study showed that the ideological pressure in the historical and philosophical sphere was not the same during the Soviet period. With the beginning of the "thaw" there was a turn in research on the history of philosophy of Ukraine from the study of philosophical thought of "revolutionary democrats" and naturalists to "idealistic" philosophical teachings, which allowed the study of the history of neo-Thomism with its obligatory criticism. Criticism then was often a way to study the views of thinkers that were considered dangerous to the Soviet system. For these reasons, Conrad could be criticized as an objective idealist. Or, for nationalist ideas, as a bourgeois nationalist. However, such opportunities had their limits. The analysis of philosopher's critical views on the socialist-communist mentality allowed to characterize them as well-argued and objective, which could be another reason for banning the study of his works. As a result of the 1972 repressions of Ukrainian philosophers and the strengthening of ideological control over the course of historical and philosophical research, the study of not only neo-Thomism but also the work of pro-Soviet thinkers ceased. The beginning of the decommunization process allowed the freedom of choice of themes and personalities and created the conditions for an objective study of the creative work of Father M. Conrad.

The article addresses the electoral history of the right-wing populist parties in Austria, France and the Netherlands in the period from the beginning of 1980s till 2017, as well as features inherent in these parties. Similarities and differences between the nationalist, anti-immigrant parties of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, French Republic and Austria have been shown. Analysis of historical underpinnings of the creation of the nationalistically-oriented parties – French Front National ("National Front", from June 1st 2018 Rassemblement national – "National Rally"), Austrian Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs ("Freedom Party of Austria") and Dutch Partij voor de Vrijheid ("Dutch Party for Freedom") has been conducted. Influence of various problems present in these countries' societies on the electoral performance of the mentioned above parties has been analyzed. Research on the electoral trends and main reasons for the surge in popularity of the right-wing populist parties in Austria, France and the Netherlands has been carried out. Direct influence of the issue of illegal immigration (especially so – from the Muslim-majority countries in the Middle East) on electoral preferences of the Austrians, French and Dutch has been demonstrated. History of the creation of the modern-day leading right-wing populist political parties, as well as their ideological evolution has been thoroughly analyzed. The parties' differences in terms of political, social and economic aspects have been shown. Reasons for the right-wing populist parties' popularity in Austria, France and the Netherlands have been identified – among them, the most important ones are the increasing immigration of Muslims to these countries, as well as the growing distrust of the citizens of Austria, France and the Netherlands towards the governing bodies and policies of the European Union. It is demonstrated that the causes of such electoral performances are not only the historical underpinnings that have shaped both countries throughout centuries, but also the differences in Scotland's and Wales' economic development and the ideological distinctions within the Scottish and Welsh independence movements. Influence of internal rows and ideological divergencies within the National Rally, Freedom Party of Austria and Dutch Party for Freedom on the parties' performance has been demonstrated.