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Working within the formalism developed by Professor I. Prigogine and his coworkers, this paper examines both the perturbation series obtained by iterating the resolvent equation and the irreducible operators introduced by this means. It is shown that the series can be regarded as asymptotic in a certain sense but that this interpretation is not useful for long time behaviour. Instead of performing the usual resummation of the series it is shown that the irreducible operators can be defined in an entirely rigorous way independent of the series expansion. The advantages of this approach and its connection with the usual procedure are pointed out.

Starting from a suitable formulation of the exact dynamics, it is shown how the time evolution of an N-body quantum or classical system can be described by a strongly continuous group of unitary operators acting on a Hilbert space. We introduce the Liouville operator and its resolvent and prove some of their properties which are of importance in non-equilibrium statistical mechanics as developed by the Brussels school.

Volume II is divided into ten sections, covering (a) provinces, districts and land tenure, (b) administration and development, (c) demography, (d) rainfall and natural regions, (e) water resources and water development, (f) agriculture, (g) commercial activity, (h) infrastructure, (i) services and (j) bibliography on rural development in Rhodesia/Zimbabwe. In each section the data are presented in either maps, charts or tables depending on what is most appropriate. (DÜI-Hff)

Part of Eminescu's political thought still needs to be elucidated. In this paper, I offer to strongly qualify the (received) opposition between his theory of "the natural State" and the concept of "the social contract", which he rejects. While Eminescu does not subscribe to the contract's democratic and liberal premises, the notion of "a social pact" -if not the word itself- is definitely one he resorts to when expounding his theory of the "social compensation". He puts it together by combining the most recent theoretical developments in economy (Malthus…) with philosophical theories taken from the works of Spinoza, Locke, Rousseau, and last but not least, Schopenhauer. A comparative reading of the texts shows that Eminescu borrows whole passages from the German philosopher, whose influence on Eminescu's political philosophy should be strongly reassessed. The metaphysics of "the will to live" provided him with the foundation for his own original version of the social pact which he developed within the evolutionary framework of Junimea, after Maiorescu encouraged him to move in this direction.

L'étude a pour objectif de présenter de manière approfondie les aspects juridiques de la fondation dans sa fonction philanthropique. Elle introduit historiquement cette structure juridique pour ensuite exposer ses principaux aspects en droit belge positif (constitution, accroissement du patrimoine, fiscalité et dissolution). L'étude conclut enfin par une comparaison avec le droit français. ; Het onderzoek heeft als doel de juridische aspecten van de stichting in haar filantropische rol in detail voor te stellen. Het presenteert een historische inleiding van deze juridische structuur en het beschrijft vervolgens zijn belangrijkste aspecten in de positieve Belgische wetgeving (oprichting, verhoging van de activa, belastingen en ontbinding). De studie concludeert met een vergelijking met de Franse recht. ; The aim of this paper is to provide an in-depth presentation of the legal aspects of foundations in its philanthropic function. The study introduces historically this legal structure and then exposes its main aspects in positive Belgian law (constitution, increase of the assets, taxation and dissolution). It concludes with a comparison with French law. ; Peer reviewed

Since 1990 in Cameroon, the consecration of the freedom of association enables the emergence of diverse associations reflecting the existence of individual wills to act collectively in the face of a state concerned about its maintenance. Although the political-identity dimension of associations in this country has been largely investi- gated, their bureaucratization, and the processes of subjectivation they enable remain understudied. Based on an ethnography of the Association of political science majors of the University of Yaoundé II, this article analyses, on the one hand, the appropriation by students of bureaucratic skills to make their associative project work and, on the other hand, the way in which bureaucratic associations enable them to make biographical ruptures take control of their lives within the academic world. This article shows that bureaucratic associations are places where emancipatory utopias are constructed. ; Dès 1990 au Cameroun, la consécration de la liberté d'association permet l'émergence d'associations protéiformes traduisant l'existence de volontés individuelles à agir collectivement à côté d'un État préoccupé par son maintien. Si l'association, dans ce pays, a largement été appréhendée dans sa dimension politico-identitaire, il reste que sa bureaucratisation et les processus de subjectivation qu'elle autorise sont peu étudiés. À partir d'une ethnographie de l'Association des majors de science politique de l'université de Yaoundé II, cet article analyse, d'une part, l'appropriation par les étudiants des arts de faire bureaucratiques pour faire fonctionner leur projet associatif, et, d'autre part, la manière dont le fait associatif bureaucratique permet à ceux-ci d'opérer des ruptures biographiques pour devenir acteurs de leur propre vie au sein du monde universitaire. Il se dégage de cet article que l'association bureaucratique est un lieu où se construisent des utopies émancipatrices.

L'évolution de la société ainsi que la crise économique actuelle ont conduit à des interrogations portant sur la probité des économistes. Dans le cadre de son objectif de promotion du développement de la science économique, l'AFSE a élaboré une liste de bonnes pratiques en matière d'éthique scientifique afin d'y répondre. Nous revenons sur ces recommandations dans le but d'en démontrer la pertinence mais aussi certaines limites liées a l'absence d'une définition légale de ce qu'est un économiste, aux conflits inter-déontologiques et aux statuts de l'AFSE.