Suchergebnisse

The importance of human-geographical terminology-knowledge as area of theory of geographical science is emphasized in this artikle. Human-geographical terminology-knowledge highlights the terms, terminology, systems of terms, the approaches of their creation and functioning. As the main issues of human-geographical terminology research are determined: lexicography, unification of terms, standardization of terms, the creation of categories and databases, translation of terms, editing of terms, and organizational. The place of human-geographical terminology- knowledge in the system of scientific knowledge on the logical cross-section of general terminology, theory of geographical science and history of geographic science is revealed. It is established that the importance of human-geographical terminological research is determined by many factors. The most important among them is the dynamic development of theoretical and methodological thoughts in human geography, which leads to the emergence of new concepts and terms. In particularly there is a significant increase of sociologization, environmentalization of terminology; intensive development of political and geographical, geopolitical terminology; active involvement of the terminology of the post-industrial, informational society; an interdisciplinary terminology on global and regional development issues is occured; created terminology based on the usage of geoinformation method of research. To systematize human-geographical terminology, a scientific algorithm for the conceptual-terminological systems is proposed through disclosure of the essence of human-geographical objects, relations, processes, structures. Interpretation of the essence of human-geographical objects, and, appropriate, relations, processes, structures, is determined by specific philosophical systems of cognition of reality. Accordingly, the objective reality is highlighted, including real and virtual, as subjectivized reality, including the conceptual and complementary reality. The importance ...

In the article the features of the development of classical and nonclassical types of science of Ukrainian studies in accordance with the transformation processes of epistemological methodology, its scientific, natural, socio-political paradigm are analyzed. The article focuses on the modern changes in the methodological paradigms of the Ukrainian studies. Decoding the meanings of Ukrainian studies, attention is drawn to the fact that the term carries on both the knowledge about external world of Ukraine: factual, objective, mainly subjective in the natural-scientific paradigm of epistemological methodology and the knowledge (information) about internal subjective world of humans (rational, irrational), which is the basis of epistemological methodology.
Researches in the fields of Ukrainian studies through the prism of scientific methodology make it possible to analyze in depth the processes of humanization, humanitarianism, humanization, which approach the "meetings" of subjective and objective, irrational and rational etc., actualize the problem of approaching the natural and human-dimensional world. Such structural epistemological factors of cognition are the foundations of cultural and anthropological paradigms, worldview navigations, which are considered in the context of value orientations of classical, nonclassical Ukrainian studies, as the basis of the inner human-dimensional world, detailed culturalanthropological, technological and worldviews paradigms of scientific methodology. Attention is paid to the "decoding" of the terminological system, in particular the gravitas of Ukrainian studies, whose semantics lays the cross-cutting idea of New European science - the approximation of objectivity and subjectivity.

Стаття привчена Малій академії наук України як освітній інституції загальнонаціонального значення. Нині це єдина в Україні організація, яка цілеспрямовано й професійно опікується духовним, творчим, інтелектуальним розвитком обдарованих дітей та молоді, залучаючи їх до науково-дослідницької, експериментальної, конструкторської, винахідницької діяльності. ; This article is devoted to the Minor Academy of Sciences of Ukraine as the education institution of national value. Nowadays, it's the unique organization in Ukraine which purposefully and professionally takes care of spiritual, creative, intellectual development of the gifted children and young people, attracting them to the research, experimental, designer, inventor activity. The Minor Academy of Sciences of Ukraine is the leading establishment in the system of out-of-school education, which is traditionally well developed in Ukraine. Here, it takes part in the unique and original experience, without an overstatement speech, and its experience is valued in Ukrainian educational space and abroad as well. It is necessary to underline that achievements of the Minor Academy of Sciences of Ukraine is supported not only by the politicians, statesmen, governments of different levels, but also by volunteer effort of many enthusiasts in the different parts of the country. During of a comparatively short period (1995 – 2015) in the Minor Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, the adequate aims and tasks of this structure are produced; organizational-pedagogical mechanisms of activity, scientific principles and methods of pedagogical work with young students are developed, experience of social partnership with different institutions and subjects in matters of cherishing the intellectual elite of nation is accumulated. It is impossible to reveal the amount and variety of activity of the Minor Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (educational directions, projects, research programs, actions) in all plenitude on the columns of one article, that's why in this publication we were concentrated on the most general and basic foundations of the activity of the Academy – normative, organizational, methodological, methodical, and practical. In conclusion of the analytical essay on the activities of the Minor Academy of Sciences of Ukraine it can be argued that this organization has a good tradition and confidence to be filled with positive expectations of the future. These expectations form the most talented children of our country, and their plans, hopes, dreams and desires are the living energy, which will stimulate further development of the MAS of Ukraine.

The article is devoted to the constitutional foundations of judiciary in Ukraine. According to article 6 of the Constitution of Ukraine, state power in Ukraine is divided into three main branches – legislative, еxecutive and justice. For each of these branches there is a corresponding system of foundations and principles that determine their essence and specific features of organization and functioning of the mechanism of the state. They play a key role for the judiciary in Ukraine. Appropriate due to the main objective of the national judiciary – a provision of the capacity for each person to exercise their right to a fair trial,based on the rule of law. Considering the issues, it is first necessary to pay attention to the essence of the concepts "foundations" and "principle" as constitutional categories. It should be noted, that these concepts have the same meaning for the expression of fundamental ideas and leadership directions of the organization and functioning of all basic constitutional legal institutions in Ukraine. The concept of the constitutional foundations of justice in Ukraine, given the position on the advisability of securing the appropriate category in the position of art.129 of the Constitution of Ukraine, which is a basic norm in the system of foundations and principles of the judicial branch of power and its legal effect on the reflection, is refined in laws and procedural codes. Now the issue of the constitutional foundations of justice in Ukraine and their impact on the judiciary is considered in a significant amount of research in the field of science of constitutional law of Ukraine. The corresponding trend and the relevance of the question of the constitutional principles of justice are due to the constant development of constitutionalism and the process of reform of the judiciary in Ukraine. However, it must be concluded, that the constitutional foundations of judiciary, which are presented in art.129 of the Constitution of Ukraine is the basis of the foundations and principles of ...

In this article, the author understands Ukraine and its history as integral components of Europe and European history. Thematically, the article consists of three parts. In the first part the author comprehends the concepts of Western, Central and Eastern Europe. The scholar believes that the concept of 'Central Europe' is artificial, so he considers only Western and Eastern Europe as primarily a cultural rather than a geographical phenomenon. By 'Eastern Europe' the author means the countries of the Byzantine-Turkic heritage. Thus, in the postwar period, the heart of Eastern Europe was the USSR, and the concept itself covered the countries of the Soviet bloc. However, with regard to Ukraine, the author attributes it politically and geographically to Eastern Europe, but culturally – to Western Europe. In the second part the author analyzes the concepts of 'Europeanism' and 'Europeanization' and in the third part the author comprehends Ukraine as a country of the Western European cultural space. Thus, Ukraine is not a Europeanized, but a historically European country. Factors that determine the Europeanness of Ukraine are: the adoption of Christianity; close economic, political, cultural and dynastic ties with the West; Ukraine's assimilation of the Western European system of law, in particular Magdeburg law, the Latin language of science and education. Ukraine experienced the same cultural currents and trends as Western Europe – the Renaissance, Baroque, Enlightenment and rationalism, romanticism, as well as European socio-political theories and teachings spread in Ukraine. In the end, Ukraine's Europeanness is determined by its long-term membership in the countries of the Western European cultural area – Poland and Lithuania. Thus, Ukraine does not need Europeanization, it is part of Europe, its eastern bastion. We only need to support and develop the European spirit of Ukraine.

Modern dynamics of socio-economic development emphasized issues to improve efficiency of state innovation policy, its adequacy to contemporary priorities and problems in the country's development. An appropriate and relevant question is the systematization of knowledge obtained in the study of theoretical foundations of the state innovation policy, and effectiveness of its implementation depending on the methods of realization. The aim of present work is the development of theoretical and methodological fundamentals of state innovation policy. To solve the set tasks, we applied such general scientific and special research methods as: analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematic approach. Author examined the types of state innovation policy, factors that influence its formation, components of development and implementation of the state innovation policy. It is highlighted that the implementation of the state innovation policy is coordinated with the strategy of innovative development; strategic directions of innovation development of the national economy are demonstrated. Special attention was paid by Author to stages in the formation of state innovation policy in industrialized countries with the methods characterized for the realization of state innovation policy. Based on the obtained results of scientific research, main directions were proposed of innovation policy for Ukraine under present conditions. A conclusion was drawn on that the state innovation policy is a set of interrelated and interdependent forms, mechanisms, instruments, technologies of influence of the state on the formation, development and realization of scientific-technical, technological and innovation potential of the country, based on the promising world trends in scientific and technological development. The implementation of the state innovation policy is coordinated with the strategy of innovation development whose main function is to define main long-term directions of scientific development, to implement innovations, to provide resources to achieve the set objectives. The state, when implementing innovation policy, above all in the R&D sector, applies two basic types of methods: administrative and program-targeted. In the course of development of program-targeted methods, there were formed several variants of their implementation: a system of subsidies, institutional programs and cooperative implementation programs. The scientific novelty of present research is in determining the methodology of the state innovation policy, which covers an integrated system of methods, ways, and means of its implementation, taking into consideration the priorities in modern development of leading industrial countries. A practical value of the research is in applying the features of theoretical and methodological foundations of the state innovation policy for the selection of such areas and methods of implementation of the innovation policy that are most acceptable for Ukraine under current economic conditions.

The article analyzes the source base on the foundation history of the Ukrainian Republican Scientific Society of Parasitologists (URSSP). The historiography of the issue is analyzed. New factual material is introduced into science. The documents include the statute of the URSSP; draft documents of applications and petitions to the Presidium of the AS of the UkrSSR and the Government of the UkrSSR on the society establishment; orders of the Presidium of the AS of the UkrSSR; minutes of the meetings of the Presidium of the AS of the UkrSSR; reporting documentation of the Institute of Zoology of the AS of the UkrSSR; materials devoted to the first republican scientific conferences on parasitology (invitation, telegrams, transcripts, resolutions, memoranda) etc. The characterized documents provide an opportunity to trace in detail the process of creation and initial stages of the activities of the Ukrainian Republican Scientific Society of Parasitologists. The organizational process of the society establishment is displayed, and the official date of its entry into the structure of the AS of the UkrSSR is justified.

Introduction. The availability of specific problems for each country in the financial sector, socio-economic life of society requires scientific reflection and the search for ways to effectively solve them. In this aspect, fiscal policy, as an important component of economic policy and a powerful instrument of state regulation, directly and indirectly, through fiscal levers, affects the formation, distribution, redistribution and use of financial resources in accordance with the goals and objectives of socio-economic development of the state. It affects financial relations and regulates the finances of institutional units and sectors linked to the financial system. In advanced economies, fiscal policy is an effective tool for stimulating socio-economic growth and contributes to medium and long-term growth of ¾ percentage points and even more. However, the dispositionality in understanding the meaning of the definition of "fiscal policy" and its ambivalence led to the presence of a number of discussion approaches that require a more in-depth study.Purpose. The purpose of the article is to provide scientific substantiation of the theoretical basis for the semantic definition of fiscal policy on the basis of generalization, deepening and expansion of available theoretical achievements. Methods. Methods of theoretical generalization and systematization, analysis and synthesis (during the definition of the conceptual apparatus of fiscal policy).Results. At the present stage of the development of society, the study of scientific approaches to understanding the concept of "fiscal policy" provides an opportunity to argue that they do not deny, but complement each other. Most scholars understand the fiscal policy of measures through which the state exercises a purposeful regulatory influence on the formation, structure and effectiveness of the functioning of national production as the basis for the achievement of welfare in society. At the same time the complex solves such tasks as the implementation of redistribution of income and the provision of production of public goods.Originality. The term "fiscal policy" is controversial and its content content is disclosed not only through measures for the formation of tax revenues and expenditures for expenditures of the state budget to ensure full employment, price stability and economic growth, but also through the formation of tax revenues and directions of expenditure of local budget expenditures and management of target extrabudgetary funds.Conclusion. Under fiscal policy, it is proposed to understand - a complex (enshrined in programs and legislative and regulatory documents) of measures that regulate tax revenues to budgets of all levels and contributions to extrabudgetary state-owned trust funds and their respective expenditures, to ensure full employment, price stability , effective financing of socially necessary expenditures aimed at increasing the competitiveness of the economy and stimulating socio-economic growth, as well as the influence of the rzhavy economic situation by applying a wide arsenal of fiscal tools, tools, methods (which should match the ideology of social development), acting through the national financial system.