Considering the role of the veterinarian in public health activities, and their inclusion in multidisciplinary teams from the Family Health Center, this research aimed to present the challenges of this health professional and his role and importance in this area. For preparation of this paper, we conducted a bibliographic study on the subject in question. The broad professional field comprises from management and health planning to the more traditionally known epidemiological surveillanceand environmental health. They act even in prevention, control and eradication of diseases transmitted by several factors, among which include: food-borne, parasitic, infectious, among others. Thus, the strategic role of the veterinarian in the prevention and control of diseases should be constant enough to allow the sharing of experiences among other health professionals in order to safeguard the lives of animals and especially of the human population.
Objective: To evaluate the user satisfaction of the family health strategy in Santa Cruz / RN and analyze the implantation consequences of PSF in the health of the local population. Method: It was conducted an exploratory descriptive study with qualitative boarding, with data obtained from structured interview applied on users in the period October 2010 to September 2011. Results: High levels of satisfaction in relation to access, waiting time, service and infrastructure, in addition to significant dissatisfaction related to the marking of examinations and participation of the population in the management of the unit. Conclusion: It is suggested improvements in the integration of UBS with other levels of care, and the implementation of projects that make the active population within units.
A partir da indagação sobre as possibilidades de participação social e efetiva interação da população nas pesquisas científicas na saúde, buscou-se analisar como a Política Nacional de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação em Saúde aborda essa dimensão comunicativa. Deste modo, examinouse o documento oficial desta política por meio da análise temática. A comunicação sobre ciência, tecnologia e inovação à população é tratada, principalmente, no item sobre a difusão dos avanços científicos e tecnológicos, sendo designada com diferentes termos, cujos significados e objetivos, embora distintos, são tratados como sinônimos. A ideia central de comunicação gira em torno de um conteúdo a ser transferido a determinados públicos, de forma unidirecional e verticalizada, de um "emissor" para um "receptor". Tal perspectiva contrasta com a possibilidade de uma comunicação mais horizontalizada e participativa na produção de conhecimento e apropriação de tecnologias, como vislumbrado e desenvolvido por estudos e práticas sobre engajamento público na ciência ou letramento científico. Reconhecendo-se o mérito do processo que culminou nesta política e considerando o contexto político, social e cultural brasileiro é importante impulsionar propostas comunicativas de participação efetiva da sociedade nas questões de ciência, tecnologia e inovação na saúde, coerentemente com os princípios democráticos e participativos do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). ; From the inquiry about the possibilities for social participation and effective population interaction in health research, this article aims to analyze how the communicative dimension is approached in the National Policy for Science, Technology, and Innovation in Health. For that, the official document of this policy underwent a thematic analysis. The communication of science, technology, and innovation for population features mainly at the "scientific and technological advances diffusion" section, designated under different expressions that, although presenting distinct meanings and goals, are stated as synonymous in the document. Overall, the policy considers communication as the upright and unidirectional transfer of content to specific audiences – from a sender to a receiver. Such perspective contrasts with the horizontal and participative perspective of knowledge construction and technological appropriation preconized by studies on public engagement in science and scientific literacy. Considering our political, social, and cultural context, along with the merit of the Policy's creation process, communication proposals must include an effective public participation in science, technology, and innovation in health, respecting the democratic and participative principles postulated by the National Health System.
This paper presents a research that aimed to understand women's participation in public health policy, trough oral history interviews with health of Belo Horizonte. The focus of the research was women's experience of social participation facing the decision-making processes in health. As methodological strategies, besides reviewing the literature on women's participation in struggles for health, interviews were conducted, based on the contributions of oral history. Eight health counselors were involved in the study. The interviews with the counselors were held in two specific moments. At first, we worked with unstructured interviews, favoring an open mode of storytelling. In the second moment, a new interview with each counselor was performed, producing an effect of partial return of data to the interviewees. Social participation, as narrated by the women interviewed is engendered in their life histories, revealing the singular processes of the experience of participation, but at the same time, allowing us to understand their positions on the National Health System and the municipal health council. The data expose the ambiguities and potentialities of the council as a space for mobilization for health, but also as a mode of subjectivity and citizenship building.
A juventude da Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde (ATS), enquanto política institucional no âmbito nacional, sinaliza a necessidade de uma reflexão sobre como se deu sua implementação, sob as perspectivas de sua inserção na política de saúde e do campo científico. Ao final de sua primeira década, levantam-se as perguntas: a ATS se traduziu em uma política de saúde (policy) informada pela ciência? Sua fundamentação científica foi usada a serviço da política (politics)? Para compreender esse processo político, aplicamos a teoria de múltiplos fluxos formulada por John Kingdon. Estabeleceu-se um equilíbrio instável entre o uso da ciência para informar a política e o uso político da ciência. A sobrevivência dessa política dependerá não só da ciência, mas da arte de orquestrar os interesses dos vários agentes, de forma que a ATS se torne uma política de saúde de fortalecimento e sustentabilidade do SUS. ; The youth of Health Technology Assessment (HTA), as an institutional policy at the national level, signals the need to reflect on how its implementation took place under the perspective of its insertion in health policy and the scientific field. At the end of its first decade, these questions arise: has HTA translated into a health policy informed by science? Has its scientific foundation been used in the service of politics? To understand this political process, we apply the multiple-streams framework formulated by John Kingdon. The use of science to inform policy and the political use of science present themselves in an unstable balance. The survival of this policy will depend not only on science but on the art of orchestrating the interests of various agents so that HTA becomes a health policy for strengthening and sustainability of SUS.
O artigo situa a questão da saúde no contexto do desenvolvimento nacional e da política industrial. Tomou-se a idéia de corte estruturalista, marxista e schumpeteriano, onde a indústria e as inovações constituem os elementos determinantes do dinamismo das economias capitalistas e de sua posição relativa na economia mundial. Todos os países que se desenvolveram e passaram a competir em melhores condições com os países avançados associaram uma indústria forte com uma base endógena de conhecimento, de aprendizado e de inovação. Todavia, na área da saúde essa visão é problemática, uma vez que os interesses empresariais se movem pela lógica econômica do lucro e não para o atendimento das necessidades da saúde. A noção de complexo industrial da saúde constitui uma tentativa e fornecer um referencial teórico que permita articular duas lógicas distintas: a sanitária e a do desenvolvimento econômico. O trabalho procurou mostrar, com base em dados de comércio exterior, como a desconsideração da lógica do desenvolvimento nas políticas de saúde levou a uma situação de vulnerabilidade econômica do setor que pode limitar os objetivos de universalidade, eqüidade e integralidade. Nesse contexto, propõe-se uma ruptura cognitiva e política com as visões antagônicas que colocam, de um lado, as necessidades da saúde e, de outro, da indústria. Um país que pretende chegar a uma condição de desenvolvimento e de independência requer, ao mesmo tempo, indústrias fortes e inovadoras, e um sistema de saúde inclusivo e universal. ; This paper puts health questions within the context of national development and industrial policy. It follows the idea of structuralist, Marxist and Schumpeterian approaches, in which industry and innovations form determining factors for the dynamism in capitalist economies and relative positions within the world economy. All countries that have developed and started to compete under better conditions with advanced countries have had an association between strong industry and an endogenous knowledge, learning and innovation base. However, in the field of health, this vision presents problems because business interests move according to the economic logic of profit rather than to meet health needs. The notion of the health-industrial complex is an attempt to provide a theoretical reference that enables linkage between two distinct types of logic: health and economic development. This study has sought to show, on the basis of foreign trade data, how disregard for the logic of health policy development has led to a situation of economic vulnerability in this sector, which may limit the objectives of universality, equality and comprehensiveness. Within this context, a cognitive and political break with these antagonistic visions that put health needs on one side and industrial needs on the other is proposed. A country that aims to reach a condition of development and independence requires strong innovative industries and an inclusive and universal health system, at the same time.
Introduction: In December 2019, was identified in Wuhan, China, the presence of a new coronavirus, called SARS-CoV-2, responsible for COVID-19, which quickly spread throughout the world in a pandemic manner. The natural history of the disease adapts itself in an emblematic way in the One Health approach, which are disease control strategies that seek more broadly to discuss the inseparable aspects of human, animal and environmental health. Objective: The aim of the study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature on the application of the concepts of One Health in the current pandemic context of COVID-19. Method: The study followed the PRISMA guidelines for the preparation of systematic reviews. The databases searched were PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs and Google Scholar. The search terms used were (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 OR 2019-nCoV) and "One Health". Results: In the qualitative synthesis, 62 publications were included, 28 (45.2%) presented proposals for COVID-19 health surveillance through the One Health approach and 34 (54.8%) only reported the importance of this approach in controlling the virus. There was an increase in publications on the two themes over the months analyzed. Conclusions: Biological issues (investigations related to viruses, hosts and biotechnology) were the most discussed topics as One Health strategies, to the detriment of social, economic and behavioral issues. Government policies must be adopted to guarantee multiprofessional health actions. It is also up to professionals to promote and apply this concept, in an articulated and interdisciplinary way. The applicability of One Health in the pandemic context experienced by COVID-19 is imperative. ; Introdução: Em dezembro de 2019, foi identificado em Wuhan, China, em pessoas que frequentavam um mercado úmido, a presença de um novo coronavírus, denominado SARS-CoV-2, responsável pela COVID-19, que rapidamente se espalhou pelo mundo de forma pandêmica. A história natural da doença se adapta de forma emblemática na abordagem One Health (Saúde Única), que são estratégias de controle de doenças que buscam de forma mais ampla discutir os aspectos indissociáveis da saúde humana, animal e ambiental. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão sistemática de literatura sobre a aplicação dos conceitos de Saúde Única no atual contexto pandêmico da COVID-19. Método: O estudo seguiu a recomendação PRISMA para elaboração de revisões sistemáticas. As bases de dados pesquisadas foram PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs e Google Scholar. Os termos de pesquisa utilizados foram (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 OR 2019-nCoV) and "One Health". Resultados: Na síntese qualitativa foram incluídas 62 publicações, 28 (45,2%) apresentavam propostas para a vigilância em saúde de COVID-19 por meio de abordagem One Health e 34 (54,8%) apenas relataram a importância dessa abordagem no combate ao vírus. Foi observado um incremento das publicações sobre os dois temas ao longo dos meses analisados. Conclusões: Questões biológicas (investigações relacionadas ao vírus, aos hospedeiros e à biotecnologia) foram os temas mais discutidos como estratégias de One Health, em detrimento das questões sociais, econômicas e comportamentais. Políticas governamentais devem ser adotadas para garantir as ações multiprofissionais de saúde. Cabe também aos profissionais a promoção e a aplicação deste conceito, de forma articulada e interdisciplinar. A aplicabilidade da One Health no contexto pandêmico vivenciado pela COVID-19 é imperiosa.
Objective: To evaluate the service offered to the elderly in primary care from the perspective of social representations. Methods: Exploratory study conducted in a qualitative approach with seventy elderly treated in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) Rangel II, in João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. Data were collected from a semi-structured interview. The data obtained were analyzed with the help of software Alceste and interpreted in theoretical social representations. Results: The results indicate two classes or categories: a) dimensions socio-affective represented: bad service, slow and white hair; b) experiences with the service: accept, good, doctor, medical service, well, aging, experience and little. Conclusion: the elderly evaluate the service with negative content emphasized in the speeches: failure to care of real needs of the elderly, the elderly distance service; little user interaction with the service and not use the strategy of reception. The latter is now one of the most important tools to be used in Family Health Strategies.
Objective: To investigate Brazilian publications on leprosy program evaluations from the components: inputs, processes, results and impact. Methods: Consultation in the LILACS database of the Virtual Health Library on the keywords "leprosy", "evaluation". Inclusion Criteria: Publications from 2001 to 2008, in Portuguese and descriptor "leprosy." Results: 27 approaches for components of input, process, outcome and impact studies in August of this review. The process component prevailed with 41%. Of all approaches and inputs and outputs were performed in 26% and 22% respectively and the impact component with the lowest percentage approaches 11%. Conclusion: The evaluation must be present throughout the process of implementing a particular program.
Citizen care in the health field is a fundamental right provided by the federal constitution of Brazil. The Unified Health System (SUS) is one of the best and most important systems in the world and serves around 220 million people. The System is comprehensive and characterized by three pillars of support: universality, completeness and equity. The right to scientific information is one of the main elements of the SUS and the Journal of Human Growth and Development has contributed over its 27 years of existence providing a democratic scenario and a place to debate ideas in the field of public health and the irrefutable defence of SUS in Brazil. In this way, JHGD maintains its tradition of publishing articles devoted to the field of public health and contributing to the dissemination of knowledge and to the progress of science. The Journal intends to serve as a space for exchange knowledge among professionals in universities and help them to deal with the problems of human growth and development, improving the publication scenario of scientific articles refereed by peers, highlighting its commitment to communicate the knowledge obtained through ethic research with bilingual and free publications. ; The Citizen care in the health field is a fundamental right provided by the federal constitution of Brazil. The Unified Health System (SUS) is one of the best and most important systems in the world and serves around 220 million people. The System is comprehensive and characterized by three pillars of support: universality, completeness and equity. The right to scientific information is one of the main elements of the SUS and the Journal of Human Growth and Development has contributed over its 27 years of existence providing a democratic scenario and a place to debate ideas in the field of public health and the irrefutable defence of SUS in Brazil. In this way, JHGD maintains its tradition of publishing articles devoted to the field of public health and contributing to the dissemination of knowledge and to the progress of science. The Journal intends to serve as a space for exchange knowledge among professionals in universities and help them to deal with the problems of human growth and development, improving the publication scenario of scientific articles refereed by peers, highlighting its commitment to communicate the knowledge obtained through ethic research with bilingual and free publication.
This article seeks to discuss the vision of the 'social' in the field called social determinants of health. For this, bibliographical research was conducted, based on references from the field of human sciences, by authors such as Latour (2012) and Santos (1988). It begins with a general characterization of the field of social determinants of health, especially political and scientific views. Then, it presents the critical elements characterizing paths on the thinking of these authors. The study sought to highlight reductionism increasingly present in the approach to the field of social determinants of health. These reductionisms that ultimately limit further reading about the complexity of life in society and reinforce the commodification and trivialization of life. Santos (1988) notes that, in front of these reductionism, science cannot be merely producing a scientific paradigm, but also a social paradigm - the paradigm of a decent life. The thinking of Latour (2012) brought arguments to rethink the 'social' beyond a specific and limited domain of reality, as something always external to the subject and to their own health. The fragmented view of the field of social determinants of health is what we put into analysis and make inquiries as a way to raise future discussions on the topic.
O presente estudo visou a construção e validação de um instrumento de avaliação da literacia em saúde oral para a população adulta portuguesa. A escala de Literacia em Saúde Oral (ELSO) é constituída por 107 itens, organizados em 3 subescalas de literacia em saúde oral: Funcional; Comunicacional; Crítica. 108 indivíduos, 73,1% do sexo feminino, com idades entre 18 e 72 anos (M=32.08; DP=12.33) responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico-clínico, à ELSO e à Dental Anxiety Inventory - DAI. O questionário apresenta boa sensibilidade, elevada fidelidade e uma validade aceitável, sendo que o estudo da sua estrutura deverá merecer aprofundamento.
A implantação, em 2009, do curso de graduação em saúde coletiva (GSC) no Brasil e sua progressiva disseminação trouxe à tona velhas questões de ordem epistemológica, prática ou político-institucional relacionadas ao ensino das ciências sociais e humanas (CSH) nesse contexto e fez emergir outras. Sobretudo, esse novo curso recoloca no centro do debate a questão da identidade do campo da saúde coletiva ou as especificidades de seus objetos, atores/ agentes, conhecimentos e práticas. Afinal, tanto os projetos pedagógicos (perfil de egresso, estrutura curricular etc.) quanto seu modus operandi refletem uma dada concepção do campo. Propõe-se, neste artigo, discutir peculiaridades e desafios do ensino das CSH na GSC, considerando esses elementos a partir da análise da experiência de um curso em particular ou, melhor dito, do compartilhamento de vivências e impressões das autoras que integram seu corpo docente. Na primeira parte do texto, são esboçados argumentos em defesa da formação emancipatória e do conhecimento pluriuniversitário, apoiados no diálogo com Boaventura de Souza Santos. Entende-se que tais perspectivas são especialmente bem-vindas na GSC, a qual tem se revelado um espaço profícuo de experimentação de novas formas de agir na educação e na saúde. ; The implementation, from 2009, of the undergraduate course on collective health (GSC) in Brazil and its progressively dissemination has brought to the surface old epistemological, practical or politicalinstitutional issues, and led to the emergence of others. Above all, it should be noted that this new undergraduate course puts once again in the center of the debate the question of the collective health identity or, rather, the specificities of its objects, actors, knowledge and practices. After all, both the pedagogical projects (student's profile, curricular structure etc.) as its modus operandi reflect a given conception of the field. This article discusses the singularities and challenges of teaching social and human sciences in the undergraduate course in collective health, considering these elements through the analysis of a particular course or, better said, the sharing of experiences and impressions of the authors that integrate its academic staff. In the first part of the article, arguments are presented in defense of the emancipatory formation and multiuniversity knowledge, supported by the dialogue with Boaventura de Souza Santos. It is considered that such perspectives are especially welcome in undergraduate collective health, which has proved to be a useful space for experimenting new ways of acting in education and health.
O artigo apresenta o processo de construção da Pesquisa Nacional sobre Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamento a partir de uma concepção integradora da Assistência Farmacêutica, Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação. Inicia-se contextualizando a saúde e o desenvolvimento no País e apresenta elementos da Política Nacional de Ciência Tecnologia e Inovação em Saúde no Brasil e da Política Nacional de Assistência Farmacêutica. Ao apresentar as diretrizes das Políticas Farmacêuticas, destaca-se a carência de dados de abrangência nacional. A presente pesquisa, encomendada pelo Ministério da Saúde, foi estruturada em dois componentes: inquérito domiciliar e avaliação dos serviços de assistência farmacêutica na atenção básica. As perspectivas dos resultados representam, além do incremento das políticas públicas farmacêuticas e de saúde pública, resultados de ações governamentais voltadas ao desenvolvimento do complexo econômico-industrial da saúde, visando a melhoria das condições de saúde da população brasileira. ; This paper describes the development process of the Pesquisa Nacional sobre Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos (PNAUM – National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines) based on an integrated approach to pharmaceutical services, science, technology and innovation. It starts by contextualizing health and development in Brazil and features elements of the National Policy for Science, Technology and Innovation in Health in Brazil and the National Policy for Pharmaceutical Services. On presenting pharmaceutical policy guidelines, it stresses the lack of nationwide data. This survey, commissioned by the Brazilian Ministry of Health, has two components: household survey and evaluation of pharmaceutical services in primary care. The findings point to perspectives that represent, besides the enhancement of public policy for pharmaceutical services and public health, results of government action aimed at developing the economic and industrial health care complex to improve the health conditions of the Brazilian population.
This review focuses only on specific studies into the SUS regionalization process, which were based on empirical results and published since 2006, when the SUS was already under the aegis of the Pact for Health framework. It was found that the regionalization process is now underway in all spheres of government, subject to a set of challenges common to the different realities of the country. These include, primarily, that committee-structured entities are valued as spaces for innovation, yet also strive to overcome the bureaucratic and clientelist political culture. Regional governance is further hampered by the fragmentation of the system and, in particular, by the historical deficiency in planning, from the local level to the strategic policies for technology incorporation. The analyses enabled the identification of a culture of broad privilege for political negotiation, to the detriment of planning, as one of the main factors responsible for a vicious circle that sustains technical deficiency in management. ; Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Med Prevent, R Botucatu 740-4, BR-04023062 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil ; Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Med Prevent, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil ; Escola Nacl Saude Publica, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Med Prevent, R Botucatu 740-4, BR-04023062 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil ; Web of Science
