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Intro -- About the Project -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Research Question -- 1.2 Research Significance -- 1.3 Literature Review at Home and Abroad -- 1.3.1 Research on the Definition of Educational System -- 1.3.2 Theoretical Research on the Reform of Educational System -- 1.3.3 Empirical Research on the Reform of Educational System -- 1.3.4 Research on the Evaluation of the Reform and Development of the Educational System -- 1.4 Research Design -- 2 The Concept Exploration and Theoretical Basis -- 2.1 The Concept Exploration -- 2.1.1 System and Education System -- 2.1.2 Mechanism and Education Mechanism -- 2.1.3 The Relationship and Function Between Education System and Education Mechanism -- 2.1.4 The Comprehensive Reform of Education System -- 2.1.4.1 The Connotation of Comprehensive Reform of Education System -- 2.1.4.2 Extension of Education System Reform -- 2.1.4.3 Characteristics of the Comprehensive Reform of Education System -- 2.2 The Main Theories of Comprehensive Reform of Education System -- 2.2.1 The Public Choice Theory and New Public Management Theory -- 2.2.2 The Systematic Theory -- 2.2.3 The Theory of Multiple System Logic -- 3 Reform Course and Development Status of China's Education System -- 3.1 Reform Course and Development Status of China's Higher Education System -- 3.1.1 Reform Course of China's Higher Education System -- 3.1.1.1 School-Running System Reform of Higher Education Institutions -- Unitary Nationalized School-Running System (1949-1977) -- A School-Running System with One Owner and Multiple Participants (Since 1978) -- Rise of Non-state Institutions of Higher Learning (1978-1991) -- Rapid Development Period of Non-state Colleges and Universities (1992-2001) -- Legalization Period of Non-state Higher Education (Since 2002) -- 3.1.1.2 Reform Course of Higher Education Funds Investment System

"Street Matters links urban policy and planning with street protests in Brazil. It begins with the 2013 demonstrations that ostensibly began over public transportation fare increases but quickly grew to address larger questions of inequality. This inequality is physically manifested across Brazil, most visibly in its sprawling urban favelas. The authors propose an understanding of the social and spatial dynamics at play that is based on property, labor, and security. They stitch together the history of plans for urban space with the popular protests that Brazilians organized to fight for property and land. They embed the history of civil society within the history of urban planning and its institutionalization to show how urban and regional planning played a key role in the management of the social conflicts surrounding land ownership. If urban and regional planning at times benefited the expansion of civil rights, it also often worked on behalf of class exploitation, deepening spatial inequalities and conflicts embedded in different city spaces"--

"Street Matters links urban policy and planning with street protests in Brazil. It begins with the 2013 demonstrations that ostensibly began over public transportation fare increases but quickly grew to address larger questions of inequality. This inequality is physically manifested across Brazil, most visibly in its sprawling urban favelas. The authors propose an understanding of the social and spatial dynamics at play that is based on property, labor, and security. They stitch together the history of plans for urban space with the popular protests that Brazilians organized to fight for property and land. They embed the history of civil society within the history of urban planning and its institutionalization to show how urban and regional planning played a key role in the management of the social conflicts surrounding land ownership. If urban and regional planning at times benefited the expansion of civil rights, it also often worked on behalf of class exploitation, deepening spatial inequalities and conflicts embedded in different city spaces"--

This handbook examines policy questions on education in the USA. It reflects the premise that each member of society must take an active role in ensuring in children the cultivation of skills and responsibilities necessary for a free and virtuous social order

In this book an eminent scholar and policymaker analyzes the lessons history can teach those who wish to reform the American educational system.Maris Vinovskis begins by tracing the evolving role of the federal government in educational research, providing a historical perspective at a time when there is some movement to abolish the U.S. Department of Education. He then focuses on early childhood education, exploring trends in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. He examines the troubling history of the Follow Through Program, which existed from 1967 to 1994 to help Head Start children make the transition into the regular schools, and he reviews the development of the Even Start Program, which works to improve the literacy of disadvantaged parents while providing early childhood education for their children. He discusses changing views toward the economic benefits of education and critically assesses the validity and usefulness of the idea of systemic or standards-based reform. Finally he develops a conceptual framework for mapping and analyzing education research and reform activities

Policy analysis in Brazil is the first book to paint a comprehensive panorama of policy analysis activities in Brazil. It brings together 18 studies by leading Brazilian social scientists on policy analysis as a widespread activity and offers key insights into the practice of this field.

Policy analysis in Brazil is the first book to paint a comprehensive panorama of policy analysis activities in Brazil. It brings together 18 studies by leading Brazilian social scientists on policy analysis as a widespread activity and offers key insights into the practice of this field

This Handbook is for policy researchers, analysts, academics and graduate students interested in educational policy, educational reform, educational governance and leadership, teacher quality, literacy, and workplace learning. This Handbook is the only one of its kind. It has over fifty chapters written by nearly ninety leading researchers from a number of countries and presents contemporary and emergent trends in educational policy research. It captures many of the current dominant educational policy foci, situating current understandings historically, in terms of both how they are conceptualized and in terms of past policy practice. The chapters are empirically grounded, providing illustrations of the conceptual implications contained within them as well as allowing for comparisons across them. The self-reflexivity within chapters with respect to jurisdictional particularities and contrasts allows readers to consider not only a range of approaches to policy analysis but also the ways in which policies and policy ideas play out in different times and places. Sections cover the contemporary strategic emphasis on large-scale reform, substantive emphases at several levels – on leadership and governance, improving teacher quality and conceptualizing learning in various domains around the notion of literacies and concluding, finally, with a contrasting topic, workplace learning, which has had less policy attention and thus allows readers to consider both the advantages and disadvantages of learning and teaching under the bright gaze of policy.

Policy analysis in Brazil is part of the International Library of Policy Analysis and is the first book to paint a comprehensive panorama of policy analysis activities in Brazil. Highlighting the unique features of the Brazilian example, it brings together 18 studies by leading Brazilian social scientists on policy analysis as a widespread activity pursued in a variety of policy fields and through different methods by governmental and non-governmental institutions and actors. It shows how policy analysis emerged as part of Brazilian state-building from the 1930s onwards. With the democratisation process of the late 1980s, policy analysis began to include innovative elements of social participation in public management. This unique book offers key insights into the practice of this field and is indispensable reading for scholars, policy makers and students of the social sciences interested in learning how policy analysis developed and functions in Brazil

Herbert S. Klein and Francisco Vidal Luna present a sweeping narrative of social change in Brazil that documents its transition from a predominantly rural and illiterate society in 1950, to an overwhelmingly urban, modern, and literate society in the twenty-first century. Tracing this radical evolution reveals how industrialization created a new labor force, how demographic shifts reorganized the family and social attitudes, and how urban life emerged in what is now one of the most important industrial economies in the world. A paradigm for modern social histories, the book also examines changes in social stratification and mobility, the decline of regional disparities, education, social welfare, race, and gender. By analyzing Brazil's unprecedented political, economic, and social changes in the late twentieth and twenty-first century, the authors address an under-explored area in current scholarship and offer an invaluable resource for scholars of Latin American and Brazil.

The progressives, public education, and educational research -- Controversies over the origins of educational research -- Defining status and privilege in educational research -- Origins of public education and educational research : the common school -- Education as a conscious business : Herbart and the Herbartians -- Darwinism in the United States -- Child study, G. Stanley Hall, Arnold Gesell, and Lewis M. Terman -- Educational efficiency and tests : Daniel Starch and Stuart A. Courtis -- The laws of learning : the legacy of Edward L. Thorndike -- The mental hyiene movement : psychiatry Rockefeller philanthropy and the promotion of a medical model in educational research -- Nature-nurture controversies : institutionalizing interlligence as a variable in educational research -- Cultural lag : the Laura Spellman Rockefeller Memorial and educational research -- Educational reform and educational research in the post-World War II era -- The achievement gap : the Coleman report and its legacy in no child left behind -- The history of education as educational research : the national agenda and a discipline