Suchergebnisse

This essay discusses the historiography of Western medieval political thought, as reflected in "Il pensiero politico medievale" by Gianluca Briguglia and "Il potere al plurale: un profilo di storia del pensiero politico medievale" by Roberto Lambertini and Mario Conetti. These two volumes propose vastly different approaches to the topic both in terms of chronology and focus, the first focusing mainly on texts, the other primarily on practices and institutions. Read in conjunction with one another, these books testify to the complexities involved in conceptualizing the emergence and development of political ideas in Europe between the fall of the Roman Empire in the West and the era of the Renaissance and the Reformation.

Bibliografia medievistica di storia politica e istituzionale. ; Bibliography of medieval studies on political and institutional history.

Bibliography of medieval studies on political and institutional history. ; Bibliografia medievistica di storia politica e istituzionale.

Bibliografia medievistica di storia politica e istituzionale. ; Bibliography of medieval studies on political and institutional history.

Bibliography of medieval studies on political and institutional history. ; Bibliografia medievistica di storia politica e istituzionale.

Bibliography of medieval studies on political and institutional history. ; Bibliografia medievistica di storia politica e istituzionale.

The comparative discussion of the two volumes highlights their specific didactic approach and the historical contextualization of the sources thus offering new perspectives on the history of medieval political thought. The specific features of the two books are also underlined. Among them: the relevance of legal knowledge in the volume by Lambertini and Conetti, the centrality of Brunetto Latini and Tolomeo da Lucca in Briguglia's, the reapparaisal of the role of politi-cal aristotelianism, which is shared by the three scholars. Moreover, the volumes reconsider Quidort's conception of dominium, expressed in his De potestate regia, by comparing it to the textualiy that discussed the ownership and status of money in the 14th century. Secondly, this same concept of Quidort is compared to the discussion about the personal nature of property taxes elaborated by two jurists, Bérmond de Montferrier and Pierre Jame between the end of 13th and the mid-14th century. ; La discussione comparata dei due compendi valorizza in particolare l'impianto didattico e la contestualizzazione storica delle fonti che offre nuove prospettive conoscitive per la storia del pensiero politico medievale. Si segnalano le novità specifiche dei due testi. Tra di esse l'importanza del sapere giuridico nel volume di Lambertini - Conetti, la centralità di Brunetto Latini e di Tolomeo da Lucca in Briguglia, la ridiscussione del peso dell'aristotelismo politico in entrambi i volumi. Si propone inoltre una rilettura della concezione del dominium proposta nel De regia potestate di Quidort confrontandola con la testualità che discute della proprietà e dello statuto della moneta nel XIV secolo. Una secondo confronto viene proposto tra la posizione di Quidort e le discussioni sulla natura personale delle imposte patrimoniali elaborate dai giuristi Bérmond de Montferrier e Pierre Jame tra fine XIII e pieno XIV secolo.

This short text presents reflections drawn from the essays collected in this special issue as well as from the debates of the Salamanca symposium where they originated. It does not purport to represent the authors' ideas beyond what is strictly necessary for my argument. Firstly, I make a critical review of how political collapse is addressed in the different contributions, within a comparative perspective. Secondly, I suggest some theoretical approaches than can contribute to develop a comparative perspective on the endings of the early medieval kingdoms, based upon the notions of complexity, scale and agency.

ITALIANO: Anche in età medievale l'organizzazione del territorio costituisce rivelatore ed esito di politiche di diverso respiro, in cui possono interagire una larga gamma di attori, che plasmano e riconfigurano spazi di intervento. La realtà ligure è qui sondata attraverso quattro situazioni – separate cronologicamente, ma con un minimo comune denominatore nella bassa visibilità e nella scarsa efficacia dell'incastellamento – che vedono protagonisti la maggior città, Genova, sia nel definire il suo immediato circondario tra secolo X e XI, sia nel fissare i primi caposaldi dell'espansione territoriale costiera nel secolo XII; gruppi signorili che originano da pubblici uffici, poggiano su una consistente base di terre e di poteri e nel secolo XIII riqualificano la propria presenza intervenendo sull'assetto insediativo rurale; un piccolo villaggio dell'entroterra osservato in maniera ravvicinata fino alle soglie dell'età moderna. / ENGLISH: The organization of political space results from shifting equilibria where a range of actors interact, continuosly resettling specific ambits. Ligurian is sampled via four situations in different centuries but all characterized by low visibility and modest effectivness of castles. Genoa is analized first as it defines its territory in the 10th-11th centuries, and then as it establishes strongholds for expansion along the coast in the 12th century; powerful lords remoulding the form of rural settlements in the 13th century are examined; an inland village is closely observed up to early modern times.

Ethiopian literary tradition offers many opportunities to study how political and social identities developed and changed through the centuries, even though reading written documents entails the risk of being influenced by the ideology of the cultural centers that built up the different narratives. Among the possible examples, three case studies are herein presented: the social structure of the first dwellers of the Ethiopian highlands as it emerges from the inscriptions they left, the cultural identity of the kings of Aksum and of the Zagwe dynasty, the enigmatic ethnogenesis of the Amḥara. The analysis of the texts aims at giving interpretations based only upon philological evidence and not influenced by old and modern preconceptions.

Ethiopian literary tradition offers many opportunities to study how political and social identities developed and changed through the centuries, even though reading written documents entails the risk of being influenced by the ideology of the cultural centers that built up the different narratives. Among the possible examples, three case studies are herein presented: the social structure of the first dwellers of the Ethiopian highlands as it emerges from the inscriptions they left, the cultural identity of the kings of Aksum and of the Zagwe dynasty, the enigmatic ethnogenesis of the Amḥara. The analysis of the texts aims at giving interpretations based only upon philological evidence and not influenced by old and modern preconceptions.

Le recenti indagini sulle origini della devozione e sulle modalità e i tempi di circolazione nel mondo antico e medievale hanno ormai dimostrato con chiarezza che il motore principale ed iniziale non è generato dalla spiritualità popolare, bensì più spesso dalle alte personalità della sfera religiosa e politica. I santi 'viaggiano' per diverse ragioni, fra cui la venerazione fortemente sentita nella madrepatria dei potenti, che dopo la conquista introducono nei nuovi territori anche il culto per i propri santi. Il presente contributo intende presentare in sintesi un quadro della situazione che si verifica nella Sardegna medievale (in particolare nei secoli XIII-XV), sotto i Pisani e i Catalano-Aragonesi, ponendo in evidenza le diverse e molteplici sfaccettature della devozione attraverso l'esame delle fonti e delle testimonianze monumentali e materiali. ; Recently many studies about the origin of the worship and its circulation during the ancient and medieval age had clearly shown that the main input is not due to the popular spirituality, but more often of the politic and ecclesiastical people. The saints 'travel' for different reasons, in which the worship of the authorities for their own saints, it means for the saints of their own countries. After the conquest they introduce this worship in their new properties. This paper aims to give a picture of the medieval Sardinia (in particular in the 13th -14th Centuries) under the power of Pisa and the Catalonia-Aragon, putting in light the different sides of the worship through the analysis of the monumental and material sources.

Pistoia rientra a buon diritto, nel quadro della Toscana medievale, in quella rete di centri urbani di antica origine e tradizione diocesana che riuscirono a costruire, nella dialettica fra città e territorio, un organismo politico autonomo, il comune cittadino. La ricerca prende in considerazione i resti materiali delle strutture conservate nel tessuto urbano attuale, in particolare l'edilizia civile, prediligendo la cosiddetta "edilizia minore", ovvero gli edifici residenziali non monumentali che, proprio per questo motivo, sono generalmente poco conosciuti. Le strutture, censite ed inserite in una piattaforma GIS (Arpenteur), sono analizzate con metodo archeologico al fine di distinguere le diverse fasi costruttive, medievali e post-medievali, con cui sono giunte fino ad oggi. L'analisi stratigrafica, effettuata su rilievi realizzati mediante modellazione 3D (Photomodeler), ha permesso di costruire un primo "atlante" delle tipologie murarie medievali della città: i tipi murari assumono quindi la funzione di indicatori cronologici degli edifici analizzati. I dati stratigrafici, uniti al dato topologico dei complessi architettonici (localizzati prevalentemente nel centro storico, all'interno del circuito murario della metà del XII secolo), hanno fornito informazioni sia per quanto riguarda l'aspetto materiale degli edifici di abitazione (forma, dimensioni, materiali) sia per quanto riguarda temi di topografia storica (viabilità maggiore e minore, formazione dei borghi, orizzonte sociale degli abitanti, distribuzione della proprietà), nel periodo della "parabola" della Pistoia comunale (XII-XIII secolo). In conclusione, la ricerca vuole essere sia uno strumento di analisi per la storia delle trasformazioni delle città nel periodo comunale, sia uno strumento di conoscenza e tutela di un patrimonio storico-archeologico che, per la sua natura non-monumentale spesso sfugge all'attenzione di amministratori ed urbanisti. ; Pistoia deserves a relevant place in the cities' network of medieval Tuscany, because it belongs to those centers that, thanks to their ancient origin and to diocesan tradition, succeeded in creating the politically independent "Comune cittadino". Starting from the analysis of the remains still visible in contemporary urban context, this thesis considers particularly the so-called "edilizia civile", that is to say the whole of the houses and residential buldings that, because of their lack of monumental features, generally have not been taken into consideration from traditional archeological research. The buildings, after being classified and inserted in a GIS system (Arpenteur), have been analyzed with archeological method to distinguish the various construction-stages, from a Middle Age phase to the post-Middle Age one that we know nowadays. Stratigraphic analysis, conducted upon evaluations realized thanks to a 3D modelling-tool (Photomodeler), has allowed to reconstruct, as a first hypothesis, an "atlas" of the building-types of the medieval phase, making available some important building cronological markers too. The whole of dates obtained from stratigraphic analysis together with the topologic informations upon the architectural complex (localized principally inside the closed track of the city-walls realized in the middle of the XII century) consent to better understand many aspects of the "parabola" of the Commune of Pistoia (XII-XIII centuries): the material culture of the houses (shape, dimensions, materials used for construction), the historical topography, the history of viability, the emergence of the "borghi cittadini", the social profile of the inhabitants, the distribution of property. Finally, this research aims to represent a work-instrument for analyzing the history of urban transformations in Communal era, and to enlarge the consciousness and the safeguard of a peculiar historical and archeological wealth that, since it lacks of monumental features, tends often to escape from the attention of urbanists and municipal administrators.

For a long time, in Europe, the theme of the Antique, before hypo-statizing itself in images of ruins during the Modern Age, referred to an eminently ideological dimension, essentially very far from investigations about cities and landscapes marked by history. Even in the mirror of Middle Age Italy, a country so widely marked by settling civilizations, commercial, productive or religious values were those that most attracted the attention of merchants and pilgrims towards urban territories and centers described or just quoted by chronicles and correspondences where potential antiquarian references pointed out, at most, ancient consular roads and places linked with the commemoration of Christian martyrs and saints. In point of fact, the idea of an Eternal City – although it was a long-lasting political and administrative model until the XVth century at least – is in itself an abstraction, an idea essentially unrelated to the physical texture of its Imperial-age buildings and of its urban landscape. Like Rome, the Phlegraean Fields to the West of Naples were also a landscape of ruins. Nevertheless those ruins, thanks to a thriving thermalism, reflecting Imperial-age balnea, continued attracting the nobility and many pilgrims during the Middle Ages, thus qualifying the territory as an outstanding exemplum Naturae et Artis at a time when most other places later canonized as workshops of the Antique were little more than a distant "elsewhere".