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Women in the History of Science brings together primary sources that highlight women's involvement in scientific knowledge production around the world. Drawing on texts, images and objects, each primary source is accompanied by an explanatory text, questions to prompt discussion, and a bibliography to aid further research. Arranged by time period, covering 1200 BCE to the twenty-first century, and across 12 inclusive and far-reaching themes, this book is an invaluable companion to students and lecturers alike in exploring women's history in the fields of science, technology, mathematics, medicine and culture.
While women are too often excluded from traditional narratives of the history of science, this book centres the voices and experiences of women across a range of domains of knowledge. By questioning our understanding of what science is, where it happens, and who produces scientific knowledge, this book is an aid to liberating the curriculum within schools and universities.

Creativity, Psychology, and the History of Science offers for the first time a comprehensive overview of the oeuvre of Howard E. Gruber, who is noted for his contributions both to the psychology of creativity and to the history of science. The present book includes papers from a wide range of topics. In the contributions to creativity research, Gruber proposes his key ideas for studying creative work. Gruber focuses on how the thinking, motivation and affect of extraordinarily creative individuals evolve and how they interact over long periods of time. Gruber's approach bridges many disciplines and subdisciplines in psychology and beyond, several of which are represented in the present volume: cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, history of science, aesthetics, and politics. The volume thus presents a unique and comprehensive contribution to our understanding of the creative process. Many of Gruber's papers have not previously been easily accessible, they are presented here in thoroughly revised form.

This volume provides a history of the concepts, practices, institutions, and ideologies of social sciences (including behavioural and economic sciences) since the eighteenth century. It offers original, synthetic accounts of the historical development of social knowledge, including its philosophical assumptions, its social and intellectual organization, and its relations to science, medicine, politics, bureaucracy, philosophy, religion, and the professions. Its forty-two chapters include inquiries into the genres and traditions that formed social science, the careers of the main social disciplines (psychology, economics, sociology, anthropology, political science, geography, history, and statistics), and international essays on social science in Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa, and Latin America. It also includes essays that examine the involvement of the social sciences in government, business, education, culture, and social policy. This is a broad cultural history of social science, which analyzes from a variety of perspectives its participation in the making of the modern world

This book explores how and why the idea of the African environmental crisis developed and persisted through colonial and post-colonial periods, and why it has been so influential in development discourse. From the beginnings of imperial administration, the idea of the desiccation of African environments grew in popularity, but this crisis discourse was dominated by the imposition of imperial scientific knowledge, neglecting indigenous knowledge and experience. African Environmental Crisis provides a synthesis of more than one-and-a-half century's research on peasant agriculture and pastoral rangeland development in terms of soil erosion control, animal husbandry, grazing schemes, large-scale agricultural schemes, social and administrative science research, and vector-disease and pest controls. Drawing on comparative socio-ecological perspectives of African peoples across the East African colonies and post-independent states, this book refutes the hypothesis that African peoples were responsible for environmental degradation. Instead, Gufu Oba argues that flawed imperial assumptions and short-term research projects generated an inaccurate view of the environment in Africa. This book's discussion of the history of science for development provides researchers across environmental studies, agronomy, African history and development studies with a lens through which to understand the underlying assumptions behind development projects in Africa.

The Invention of Science: Why History of Science Matters for the Classroom introduces readers to some of the developments that were key for the emergence of Eurocentric science, the discipline we call science. Using history this book explores how human groups and individuals were key to the invention of the discipline of we call science. All human groups have a need and desire to produce systematic knowledge that supports their ongoing survival as a community. This book examines how history can help us to understand emergence of Eurocentric science from local forms of systematic knowledge. Each chapter explores elements that were central to the invention of science including beliefs of what was real and true, forms of reasoning to be valued, and how the right knowledge should be constructed and the role of language. But most importantly this book presented these ideas in an accessible way with activities and questions to help readers grapple with the ideas being presented. Enjoy!

Introduction: a comparative perspective / Carola Sachse and Mark Walker -- Purges in comparative perspective: rules for exclusion and inclusion in the scientific community under political pressure / Richard Bailer, Alexei Kojevnikov, and Jessica Wang -- National states and international science: a comparative history of international science congresses in Hitler's Germany, Stalin's Russial, and Cold War United States / Ronald E. Doel, Dieter Hoffmann, and Nikolai Krementsov -- Laying the foundation for wartime research: a comparative overview of science mobilization in National Socialist Germany, Japan, and the Soviet Union / Walter E. Grunden, Yutaka Kawamura, Eduard Kolchinsky, Helmut Maier, and Masakatsu Yamazaki -- Wartime nuclear weapons research in Germany and Japan / Walter E. Grunden, Mark Walker, and Masakatsu Yamazaki -- Aerodynamics and mathematics in National Socialist Germany and fascist Italy: a comparison of research institutes / Moritz Epple, Andreas Karachalios, and Volker R. Remmert -- Plant breeding on the front: imperialism, war, and exploitation / Olga Elina, Susanne Heim, and Nils Roll-Hansen -- Molding national research systems: the introduction of penicillin to Germany and France / Jean Paul Gaudilliere and Bernd Gausemeier -- Pathways to human experimentation, 1933-1945: Germany, Japan, and the United States / Gerhard Baader, Susan E. Lederer, Morris Low, Florian Schmaltz, and Alexander V. Schwerin -- Human heredity and politics: a comparative international study of the Eugenics Record Office at Cold Spring Harbor (United States), the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics (Germany), and the Maxim Gorky Medical Genetics Institute (USSR) / Mark B. Adams, Garland E. Allen, and Sheila Faith Weiss -- Psychiatric genetics in Munich and Basel between 1925 and 1945: programs -- practices -- comparative arrangements / Hans Jacob Ritter and Volker Roelke.

Der Buchband 'Disability Studies' meets 'History of Science' fußt auf dem sechsten 'Aachener Tag der Wissenschaftsgeschichte'. Er beschäftigt sich mit den Themen 'körperliche Differenz' und 'soziokulturelle Konstruktion von Behinderung' aus der Perspektive der Medizin-, Technik- und Wissenschaftsgeschichte, bezieht aber auch rezente Phänomene mit ein.

A method for cluster analysis (with L.L. Cavalli-Sforza) (1965) [30]Studying human evolution by computer (1966) [32]; Estimation procedures for evolutionary branching processes (with L.L. Cavalli-Sforza) (1966) [35]; Fundamental Theorem of Natural Selection (1967) [36]; Phylogenetic analysis: models and estimation procedures (with L.L. Cavalli-Sforza) (1967) [37]; Statistical methods in scientific inference (1969) [42]; Estimation of the branch points of a branching diffusion process (1970) [46]; Review of Evolution and the Genetics of Populations, Volume 2, by S. Wright (1971) [49]

The papers given by the Soviet Delegation to the Second International Congress of the History of Science and Technology in London in 1931, headed by N. I. Bukharin, exerted a profound influence on Western historiography of science. Perhaps the most influential contribution was that of Hessen, who made a long and classical statement of Marxist historiography, taking Isaac Newton as his example. The collection, which appeared in Britain at the height of the Depression, fostered an acute social awareness and a heated debate among many working scientists. Accredited by some as ""the starting point

The papers given by the Soviet Delegation to the Second International Congress of the History of Science and Technology in London in 1931, headed by N.I. Bukharin, exerted a profound influence on Western historiography of science. Perhaps the most influential contribution was that of Hessen, who made a long and classical statement of Marxist historiography, taking Isaac Newton as his example. The collection, which appeared in Britain at the height of the Depression, fostered an acute social awareness and a heated debate among many working scientists. Accredited by some as ""the starting point.

Professor Joseph Agassi has published his Towards an Historiography of Science in 1963. It received many reviews by notable academics, including Maurice Finocchiaro, Charles Gillispie, Thomas S. Kuhn, Geroge Mora, Nicholas Rescher, and L. Pearce Williams. It is still in use in many courses in the philosophy and history of science. Here it appears in a revised and updated version with responses to these reviews and with many additional chapters, some already classic, others new. They are all paradigms of the author's innovative way of writing fresh and engaging chapters in the history of the natural sciences.

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Abbreviations -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Chapter 1: Introduction: History and Politics of Big Science in Europe -- Bibliography -- Chapter 2: What Kind of Europe for European Big Science? -- 2.1 The Other Europe -- 2.1.1 Technology -- 2.1.2 Spatiality -- 2.1.3 Politics -- 2.2 What Role for the European Economic Union (EEC) and the European Union (EU)? -- Bibliography -- Chapter 3: History and Science of Research with Synchrotron Radiation -- Bibliography -- Chapter 4: Founding the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 1977-1988 -- 4.1 Origins of the ESRF -- 4.2 Intergovernmental Arrangements -- 4.3 Putting the ESRF in Place -- 4.4 The Role of France and Germany -- 4.4.1 "Embedded Bilateralism" -- 4.4.2 National Agendas in France and Germany -- 4.5 Towards a Convention for the ESRF -- 4.6 Concluding Discussion -- Bibliography -- ESRF Archive, Grenoble, France -- Archives Nationales de France, Paris, France -- Bundesarchiv, Koblenz, Germany -- Legal/Governmental Documents -- Literature -- Chapter 5: Establishing the European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser (European XFEL), 1992-2009 -- 5.1 The Transformation of DESY -- 5.2 The TESLA Proposal for a Linear Collider -- 5.3 From the Free-Electron Laser at the TESLA Test Facility to FLASH -- 5.4 Political Commitment to the European XFEL -- 5.5 Foreign Partners and In-Kind Contributions -- 5.6 The Role of Russia -- 5.6.1 German-Russian Collaborations in Science -- 5.6.2 Nanotechnology, Big Politics and the European XFEL -- 5.7 Towards a Convention -- 5.8 Concluding Discussion -- Bibliography -- Bundesarchiv, Koblenz, Germany -- DESY Archive, Hamburg, Germany (Chronological Order) -- Legal/Governmental Documents (Chronological Order) -- References -- Miscellaneous -- Chapter 6: The Other Europe of Big Science: Historical Dynamics and Contemporary Tendencies.