Suchergebnisse

The propagation of hoaxes on social media has contributed to political tension in many countries. The 2016 US presidential election provides evidence of how fake news can generate more social media engagement than real news. In multicultural Indonesia, the history of anti-communist, anti-Christian, and anti-Chinese pogroms increases the level of sensitivity and sentiment, especially when dealing with racial issues. This paper explores the role of hoaxes in Indonesia's contemporary politics. It investigates the characteristics of hoax information circulated on social media during the 2017 Jakarta election using a memetic practice approach. This study perceives hoaxes as having acted like memes in terms of the ways in which they dismantle existing source material to tap into ideas or sentiments people connect with. Hoaxes as memes alter original items into new forms of artifacts, with new messages that resonate with existing beliefs in society. Consequently, hoaxes can create a culture based on a shared belief among the community and, in the era of increasing polarization, a hoax has the potential to be a means of political partisanship. However, with the tendency to overpower the truth and lead people away from believing facts, hoaxes can be a threat to participatory democracy. ; The propagation of hoaxes on social media contributed to political tension in many countries. The 2016 USA presidential election provides evidence for how fake news has generated more social media engagement than real news. In multicultural Indonesia, the history of anti-communist, anti-Christian, and anti-Chinese pogroms increases the level of sensitivity and sentiment, especially when dealing with racial issues. This paper explores the role of hoaxes in Indonesia's contemporary politics. It investigates the characteristics of hoax information circulated on social media during the 2017 Jakarta election using memetic practice approach. This study perceives hoaxes as having acted like memes in the ways in which they dismantle existing source material to tap into ideas or sentiments people connect with. Hoaxes as memes alter original items into new forms of artifact with new messages that resonate with existing beliefs in society. Consequently, hoaxes can create a culture that is based on a shared belief among the community and in the era of increasing polarization, a hoax is potential to be a means of political partisanship. However, with the tendency to overpower truth and lead people to avoid believing facts, hoax can be a threat to participatory democracy.

The massive use of social media to share information that is not accompanied by adequate media literacy can be a serious threat to the Indonesian nation if the shared information is containing slander messages, fake news, hate speech, provocation, SARA sentiment. The hoax is a negative opinion contain slander and others, can lead to a riot, a clash, insecurity feeling, fear, ruined one's reputation and material lost. The problems relate to Hoax in the perspective of Indonesian law about how is hoax regulated in Indonesian law and also its legal liability. This research uses normative legal research methods using a normative juridical approach. The normative juridical approach is conducted by examining and analyzing secondary data in the form of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. Based on the research, it is found that in Indonesia there is differences regulation in legislation which become legal protection for handling hoax as indicated by the existing of the legislation that regulates a criminal act with different qualification and different legal threats. There is confusion as to which legal rule to use, whether the positive rule (Criminal Code) or a rule that specifically regulates the criminal acts committed in the cyberspace, in other words, sui generis. It is necessary to make efforts to find a comprehensive legal concept that can resolve the hoax.

Berita hoax adalah berita palsu yang diada-adakan atau diputarbalikkan dari realitas sesungguhnya. Banyak kasus atau peristiwa yang sebenarnya tidak terjadi namun diangkat menjadi sebuah berita dan dikemas sebaik mungkin agar khalayak tertarik untuk membacanya. Berita hoax sendiri lebih condong membawa dampak negatif dari pada dampak positif. Terdapat empat bahaya yang ditimbulkan dari berita hoax, yakni hoax membuang waktu dan uang, hoax jadi pengalih isu, hoax sebagai sarana penipuan publik, serta hoax sebagai pemicu kepanikan publik. Dilansir dari berbagai sumber, ada beberapa macam isu hoax di antaranya terkait agama, permasalahan sosial, dan politik. Sebagai masyarakat modern dan berpendidikan, kita harus pandai dalam menggali informasi. Kita wajib membaca dengan teliti dan menelusuri sumber dari berita tersebut dan yang terpenting adalah jangan terlalu mudah untuk menyebarluaskan berita tersebut sebelum berita tersebut diketahui keasliannya. Untuk itu, dalam penelitian ini motion graphic digunakan untuk memberikan informasi dan mengedukasi masyarakat agar lebih waspada pada berita hoax dengan sarana penyampaian informasi yang berbeda sehingga lebih menarik untuk ditonton.

This study aims to find out how to reduce the dissemination of hoax information and to make social media into social-friendly media so people can anticipte the dissemination of hoax information in various social media and avoid the impacts of the information contained negative contents. A library research method was used in this study. The theory of media dependency is the underlying theory of this study.This theory relates to the effects of media that are considered as information systems that have an important role in people's lives. Information from such media can have cognitive, affective, and behavioral effects. The results of the studyshowed that the hoax information can be reduced by increasing the media literacy and social media literacy. In addition, the Government of Indonesia has enacted severals laws governing the dissemination of information to ethnic discrimination that is often an issue in the media that causes disunity in the community. These laws include the Law of Electronic Information and Transactions, the Criminal Code, and the Law of the Elimination of Radical and Etnic Discrimination.

Social media is a technology facility, which is currently widely used by the public. As is known, social media is the most frequently used tool to spread false news. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data obtained through the study of Literature and reporting on several news websites. The purpose of this study was to determine how the spread of Hoax Ratna Sarumpaet and its impact socially and politically. The results of the study show that the spread of the hoax of Ratna Sarumpaet's hoax in 2018, which was spread through social media, resulted in social and political chaos. Mutual attacks between supporters and the success team of the two groups continue to occur both in social media, online and mass media. ; Media sosial merupakan fasilitas teknologi yang saat ini banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat. Seperti diketahui, media sosial merupakan sarana yang paling sering digunakan untuk menyebarkan berita bohong. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui studi Literatur dan pemberitaan di beberapa website berita. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penyebaran Hoax Ratna Sarumpaet dan dampaknya secara sosial dan politik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyebaran hoaks hoaks Ratna Sarumpaet tahun 2018 yang disebarkan melalui media sosial, mengakibatkan kekacauan sosial dan politik. Saling serang antara pendukung dan tim sukses kedua kelompok terus terjadi baik di media sosial, online maupun media massa.

The development of communication technology brings forth new media with various multiplatforms. Information spreads instantaneously to all corners of the world through abundant media devices. In social media spaces, every individual can produce informational content and disseminate it, so it appears as a new phenomenon of citizen journalism. Individuals act as both producers and targets of social media content simultaneously. Ironically, due to freedom of expression on social media, various hoaxes appear intentionally or unintentionally and are widely distributed. This study aims to explore the official Instagram account that handles hoaxes in West Java Province and provide a digital literacy education in their post. This study uses the content analysis method, which efficiently investigates media content on both printed form and digital posts. In addition, it also uses descriptive content analysis to describe in detail a message or a specific content. The study object is Instagram @jabarsaberhoaks with an analysis unit of information items about hoaxes and various digital literacy on Instagram @jabarsaberhoaks in 2020. In total, their number reaches 900 posts. The result of this study shows that the most common hoax is fake news, such as manipulated content, misleading content, fake news, and fabricated content with health, political, and economic themes. Explicitly or implicitly, digital literacy education about hoaxes can be obtained by accessing the information contained in Instagram accounts. The implication is that it is necessary to study the extent of this educational content responded by the public, so media messages can effectively and efficiently be in the form of educational media about interactive hoaxes.

Keberadaan hoax di Indonesia ada sejak lama. Perkembangan pesat penggunaan media sosial dan kemudahan pertukaran informasi mempercepat persebaran informasi hoax tersebut. Bahkan, dalam pandemi COVID-19 sekalipun, berita hoax mengenai virus corona dan hal-hal yang berkaitan dengannya tersebar luas di masyarakat. Berikutnya, ketika massa banyak menolak Omnibus Law, pemerintah Indonesia menyatakan bahwa penolakan tersebut disebabkan oleh hoax. Alhasil, ada beberapa orang yang ditangkap dengan menggunakan UU ITE sebagai landasan. Berbagai praktisi dan akademisi hukum mendukung pembuat dan penyebar berita hoax dapat dikriminalisasi, tapi tidak tanpa catatan. Artikel ini melakukan tinjauan hukum secara normatif mengenai kriminalisasi berita hoax. Tinjauan dilakukan memakai teori demokrasi deliberatif. Menggunakan kerangka teori ini, peneliti menemukan bahwa aspek-aspek demokrasi seperti substansi dialog dengan informasi yang akurat tidak terpenuhi akibat berita hoax. Hal ini sejalan dengan kehendak konstitusi Indonesia. Hanya saja, kriminalisasi hoax ini perlu dipastikan tidak disalahgunakan penguasa atau pihak yang lebih lemah untuk mengekang kebebasan berpendapat. Cara yang dapat digunakan untuk mencegahnya adalah dengan menambahkan aturan baru untuk melibatkan pihak ketiga independen dalam sengketa berita hoax yang melibatkan pihak pemerintah atau pejabat pemerintah.

The present study aimed to analyse the students' attitudes toward hoaxes and the other fake news. The research questions were formulated as the followings: a) What are attitudes of students toward hoax? b) What are the factors (determinants) which might affect their behaviour toward hoax? c) Where do the students usually access or share information which contains hoax? d) What are the students' perceptions toward the impact of hoaxes? The design of the study was a mixed method in which both questionnaire and interview were administered to the participants. Firstly, the written questionnaire was administered to elicit the respondents' attitudes and other relevant questions. Further, semi-structured interview, which was conducted randomly, was employed to provide more elaborate data on the participants' perception. The number of participants was 80 students of law department who are currently studying in their early semesters at one state university located in Serang, Banten. The result indicated that the participants disliked hoaxes. In average, 70 % of the whole respondents were identified to have negative attitudes, followed with the other supporting statements indicating their dislike toward hoaxes. However, despite the students' negative attitudes toward hoaxes, they also admitted that they sometimes shared hoaxes. One reason found in the present study was to prevent possible harmful occurrences as indicated by 81, 25 % of respondents who admitted to do that, besides having fun. Finally, they also perceived that hoaxes were not as harmful as what the people have thought. This statement was supported by their objection toward the government's action to penalize the perpetrator of hoaxes. Key words: Analysing, University students' attitudes, Towards, Hoaxes

Text hoax containing more massive lies and hatred manifested in the form of news, data, images, and photos. Hoax inherent in the cyber media becomes a necessity, when narrated in social media. Users of social media becomes difficult to select and sort, where the news is factual where news is a lie. All became faint. Society has finally been accustomed to receiving everything hoax. Even the news that contains hatred. The government, through the police, and then perform preventive efforts against hoax, so as not to spread hoax then become a culture and ideology increasingly steady.

In this article, the problem of spreading hoaxes during the corona-19 outbreak is studied using a mathematical model. Currently, we often see a lot of hoaxes that are very unsettling, for example the news that eggs are a corona drug. In addition, there have been denials of funerals for Covid victims in various regions. In this article, the impact of government education and outreach, decisive action against hoax spreaders and ignorance of people who understand the problem of Covid-19 regarding the spread of hoaxes. The model built using 4 compartments, equilibrium point, free hoax spreader, basic reproduction number and sensitivity analysis are discussed in this article. Several numerical simulations are provided to test the theoretical study of the model

Masyarakat di dunia termasuk Indonesia. Kebutuhan akan teknologi yang mampu mempermudah segala aktivitas baik dari segi pendidikan, informasi, politik dan ekonomi. Selain itu teknologi juga memiliki dampak negatif untuk masyarakat yang tidak memanfaatkan teknologi dengan baik dan benar. Banyak masyarakat yang terprovokasi akan informasi berita bohong (HOAX) yang banyak beredar di media sosial yang menyebabkan terjadinya konflik seperti fitnah, ujaran kebencian, pencemaran nama baik, dan berbagai masalah lainnya. Metode pelaksaan yang digunakan dalam pengabdian masyarkat ini berupa penyuluhan hukum dalam bentuk ceramah tentang sosialisasi "Ancaman Pidana Bagi Penyebar Hoax", di Balai Desa Gebang, Kecamatan Masaran, Kabupaten Sragen dan di ikuti dengan tanya jawab dan diskusi. Hasil penyuluhan pengabdian masyarakat bahwa penegakan hukum pidana terhadap penyebaran berita bohong (HOAX) telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 yang telah mengalami perubahan menjadi Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 pasal 28 ayat 1 dan 2. Selain itu peraturan lain dari penyebaran berita palsu atau hoax juga bisa dijerat dengan pasal-pasal lain terkait yakni pasal 310, 311, 378 dan 390 KUHP. Hambatan dalam penegakan hukum pidana terhadap penyebaran berita bohong (HOAX) yaitu terbatasnya sumber daya manusia yang dimiliki oleh kepolisian dengan masih mengandalkan kerjasama dengan lembaga lain diluar institusi kepolisian serta keterbatasan sarana dan prasarana dalam mencegah penanggulangan penyebarab berita bohong (hoax).

This study discusses the issue of hoaxes which have been troubling the community. One reason for the rise of hoax news is that the handling is only from the side of positive law without involving religious elements, whereas religious teachings are very effective for preventive actions because if there are religious elements in the handling, people will always be watched and afraid of sinning if they violate. The subject of this study is how to set ta'zir sanctions for hoax makers and disseminators in the perspective of Islamic law. This study is included in the literature research category, while the approach used in this study is a normative approach. The data collection technique used is documentation technique. After an in-depth study was obtained a conclusion that there were three categories of ta'zir sanctions, namely minor, moderate and severe sanctions. Minor sanctions are given to perpetrators and disseminators of hoaxes with motives of ignorance and victims of technological and information developments. While giving sanctions is being given to the perpetrators and disseminators of the hoax with the motive for the absence of legal certainty. Then hoax makers and spreaders who have motives for malicious intentions and politics are given the heaviest sanctions

Dewasa kini, perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi bertumbuh sangat cepat. Layaknya jamur di musim hujan, informasi tentang segala macam hal sangatlah mudah dijumpai. Alur komunikasi yang lancar pada saat ini, sangatlah mendukung dalam penyebaran informasi. Hampir di seluruh aspek kehidupan, sangat bergantung pada penyebaran informasi. Hal tersebut bisa dikaitkan dalam berbagai macam bidang, seperti halnya bidang ekonomi, kesehatan, pendidikan hingga politik serta unsur kenegaraan. Seiring berkembangnya zaman, media informasi juga mengalami berbagai macam perkembangan. Tidak hanya melalui koran, televisi maupun radio, kini informasi juga dapat diperoleh melalui jaringan yang lebih luas. Berbagai macam artikel, jurnal, berita maupun bentuk-bentuk media informasi lainnya sangat mudah didapatkan dan juga sangat mudah untuk disebarkan. Selain itu, berbagai informasi tersebut juga dapat kita ubah, baik dari segi redaksi maupun ilustrasi pendukungnya. Sehingga jika kita telaah kembali, terdapat beberapa hal yang patut kita garisbawahi. Hal tersebut adalah, bahwasanya informasi yang ada pada saat ini tidak seluruhnya merupakan informasi yang bersifat aktual. Tidak dapat dipungkiri, informasi tersebut dapat mengandung berbagai hal yang tidak berdasarkan fakta yang ada dan tidak jarang pula berisi suatu hal yang berlebihan. informasi yang tidak berdasarkan fakta tersebut, kini kita kenal sebagai berita palsu (hoax). Hoax yang telah tersebar pada masyarakat dalam bentuk informasi, nantinya akan sangat mudah untuk dijadikan konsumsi umum serta bahan referensi. Isinya yang sangat tidak dapat dipertanggungjawabkan akan menimbulkan beberapa efek negatif. Negara sudah tentu memiliki beberapa kebijakan untuk menanggulangi serta menanggapi fenomena hoax tersebut, melalui peraturan perundang-undangan maupun kebijakan lainnya. Adapun perihal hoax dalam agama Islam, sudah tentu merupakan perbuatan yang dilarang. Ajaran di dalam Islam, selalu berlandaskan pada nilai-nilai kejujuran serta keadilan, membawa hal yang haq serta menghindarkan dari berbagai macam hal yang bathil. Islam juga telah memiliki beberapa aturan dan cara dalam bertukar informasi. Melalui media dakwah, umat Islam dapat memperoleh berbagai macam informasi dan ilmu. Selain itu, juga terdapat media musyawarah dimana di dalam kegiatan tersebut umat Islam dapat saling bertukar informasi. Seluruh kegiatan tersebut sudah tentu harus berlandaskan pada etika yang baik, sehingga hoax akan dapat dihindari. Senantiasa memilih serta mencermati sebuah ilmu maupun informasi yang diterima, juga merupakan bagian dari tata cara bertukar ilmu maupun informasi dalam Islam.

ABSTRACTThe hoax spreading is caused by lack of information about the source and the concept of anonimity that consists in it. The spreading of hoaxed news forms 10:90 communication pattern among cyber society that means 10% of the netizens producing hoaxed news and the last 90% spreading it voluntarily on the social media. The hoaxed news which is spreaded is mostly about national popular topics such as politics and public policies then set the hoaxed popular issues as main source. Such phenomenon concludes that the social media users take the internet technology without critical thought on the consequency of their manners. The hoaxed news is caused, psicologically, by the reason that the information is suitable to self's opinion and unconfirmed informations. Key word: hoax, the new media, the social mediaABSTRAK Penyebaran hoax disebabkan kurangnya pengetahuan akan sumber situs informasi tersebut dan adanya konsep anonimitas yang terkandung di dalamnya. Penyebaran berita hoax membentuk pola komunikasi di masyarakat cyber yaitu 10:90, yang berarti 10% warga internet membuat berita hoax dan sebanyak 90% sisanya menyebarkan informasi tersebut secara sukarela melalui media sosial. Biasanya penyebaran berita palsu tersebut merupakan topik-topik yang sedang viral di media sosial dan kemudian dijadikan rujukan utama. Dengan adanya fenomena diatas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa para pengguna media sosial menggunakan teknologi internet tanpa memiliki sikap dan budaya kritis akan persoalan yang akan dihadapinya. Secara psikologis, hoax terjadi karena informasi yang diterima dianggap sesuai dengan opini atau sikap yang dimiliki, dan karena terbatasnya pengetahuan.Kata Kunci: hoax, media baru, media sosial.

Hoax and Hate Speech are cyber-crimes that are closely related to ideological, political and religious issues. In Indonesia, just before the 2019 Presidential Election, this crime is very common, mainly used to attack political opponents. In this study, we provide several samples of Hoax and Hate Speech crimes, namely those with ideological, political and religious nuances. We consider these three crime samples to be sufficient to illustrate that Hoax and Hate Speech greatly influence the stability of domestic security. Based on the results of research conducted at the Directorate of Cyber Crime Enforcement of the Indonesian Police Criminal Investigation Agency, we can conclude that the strategic steps that must be taken to tackle Hoax and Hate Speech are Preventive Efforts in the form of Cyber Patrol, Hoax labeling, analyzing media opinion trends, dissemination positive news through text media, clarification and public information, security carried out by cover names, cover jobs, and cover stories, and countermeasures. Then, to provide a deterrent effect to the community, repressive efforts through law enforcement activities must be carried out including investigations by means of the Cyber Patrol to find cyber-crime, providing technical assistance and tactical investigations, investigating units in the region in order to uncover networks of cyber perpetrators, providing assistance in examining digital evidence, and cooperating by exchanging information for the purpose of researching and investigating cyber-crime. With the coping methods described above, especially inter-regional police cooperation that is centrally controlled by maximizing technology, the Indonesian police are able to uncover and dismantle networks of cyber-crime perpetrators that occur in Indonesia such as hoaxes, hate speeches and terrorism.