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Raguel's Vita vel passio sancti Pelagii (c. 967) and Hroswitha of Gandersheim's poem (10th century) devoted to Pelagius are keywords for the creation of an European literary and symbolic space against Muslims. Both texts were born in a crossroad of religious, political and sexual passions. This article analyses their foundational status in order to understand Christian first imaginaire related to the construction of a virile "Reconquista", which will underline, in literature and historiography, feminine and sodomitic features in many Jew and Muslim men (but also suspicious Christian) in Iberian Middle Ages.

Hrotsvit, a canoness in the German convent Gandersheim, wrote Latin poems, stories, plays, and histories during the reign of Emperor Otto the Great (962-973). She expresses a strong sense of authorial mission in letters, prefaces, and dedications. These personal writings, as well as her full literary corpus, are studied in twelve original essays by scholars from Europe and North America, who bring several perspectives to bear. Her historical roots are shown, both in her use of Christian literary tradition (e.g., the legend) and in her understanding of political forces shaping her time. Her strong spirituality emerges from vivid portraits not only of martyrs but also of men and women who question and doubt the Lord, while her openness to problems of sexuality, and of the need for women to realize their individuality and particular gifts, is surprisingly modern. Contributors include: Walter Berscin, Katrinette Bodarwé, Jay Lees, Gary Macy, Linda McMillin, Florence Newman, and Lisa Weston ; https://scholarcommons.scu.edu/faculty_books/1163/thumbnail.jpg

This dissertation recovers women playwrights' examples of prostitution and severe forms of sex trafficking with the aim of providing a more comprehensive and diverse selection of theatrical materials that focus on the sex industry. I assert that the first western woman playwright, Hrotsvit of Gandersheim, authored three plays about prostitution (Abraham, Paphnutius, and Callimachus) that deserve inclusion in the western canon of drama because they influence popular portrayals of the figure of the fallen woman prostitute in Alexandre Dumas fils' The Lady of the Camellias (1852), Arthur Wing Pinero's The Second Mrs. Tanqueray (1893), Eugene O'Neill's Anna Christie (1922), and Tennessee Williams's A Streetcar Named Desire (1947). Moreover, they are essential to our understanding of plays about gender based violence and the fallen woman genre within the larger arc of theatre history. Chapter 1 tracks the containment strategies that American and European societies employed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries to control prostitution and abolish white slavery. Chapter 2 develops the virgin/whore dichotomy as a theoretical lens through which I examine how the theatrical figure of the fallen woman is categorized, made vulnerable to gender based violence, and punished for prostitution to uphold a sexual and moral double standard. Chapter 3 focuses on tracing the four characteristics of a new dramatic figure, what I term the "sex trafficked been-to," in Lucy Kirkwood's it felt empty when the heart went at first but it is alright now, Rebecca Prichard's Dream Pill, Cora Bissett and Stef Smith's ROADKILL, and Catherine Cunningham-Huston's The Walk. The "sex trafficked been-to" is (1) sex trafficked to either Italy or the UK; (2) originates in poor and rural areas of Nigeria; (3) is affected by liminal states and the blood oaths of juju ceremonies; and (4) is based on the backgrounds and testimonials of sex trafficking survivors. In contrast to the fallen woman who turns to God for redemption or the passive white slave awaiting heroic male rescue, the sex trafficked been-to has the self-determination to seek alternative futures, such as escaping from captivity and requesting political asylum.

Hrotswitha von Gandersheim strove in her plays to present positive models of female virtue. Her success in offering images of women that contrasted with those presented by Terence and by the Church Fathers has attracted considerable attention from critics, some explicitly feminist. While acknowledging Hrotswitha's achievement, this essay is critical of certain aspects of her plays, particularly ones related to character constellations and plot, that reinforce antifeminist, patriarchal values. The author argues that Hrotswitha, indebted to her sources as she was, dramatized narratives that assert male control of women, particularly with respect to the attributes and disposition of their bodies. (M.R.S-McQ)

Hrotsvit von Gandersheim and the political uses of astrology / Joan Cadden -- Under whose care? the Madonna of San Sisto and women's monastic life in twelfth- and thirteenth-century Rome / Anne L. Clark -- Sister acts : conventual performance and the visitatio sepulchri in England and France / Margaret Aziza Pappano -- On the borders of exile : the poetry of Solomon Simhah of Troyes / Susan L. Einbinder -- Ubi sunt? Three lost (and found) ladies in troubadour lyric / Roy Rosenstein -- Lives and works : Chaucer and the compilers of the troubadour songbooks / Laura Kendrick -- Following instructions : remaking Dante's Vita nova in the fourteenth century / H. Wayne Storey -- The straits of empire : Sicily in Vergil and Dante / Sarah Spence -- Woman as mediator in medieval depictions of Muslims : the case of Floripas / Suzanne Conklin Akbari -- Lifting the veil? notes toward a gendered history of early italian literature / Teodolinda Barolini -- Afterword : in praise of a nonpareil colleague / Robert W. Hanning.

Intro -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Illustrations -- Acknowledgements -- Biographical note -- Note on the text -- Introduction: Cultures of girlhood -- Chapter 1: A theatre of girlhood -- Gandersheim girls -- Performance and pedagogy -- Performing girls, performing girlhood -- Humanist Hrotswitha -- Chapter 2: Performing virginity -- Et tripident -- The girlhood of the Virgin Mary -- 'Not fourteen' -- Chapter 3: The French girlhood of Anne Boleyn -- Fille d'honneur -- The girlhood reading of Claude de France -- Anne Boleyn's music book -- Henry VIII and the afterlife of girlhood -- Chapter 4: Translating daughters -- A girl at her desk -- A girl and a play -- A girl on stage -- Chapter 5: Faithful shepherdesses -- 'Courting of the shepheardesses' -- 'Eliza, Queene of shepheardes' -- 'Captive or Sheppardesses life' -- Chapter 6: Wanton ambling nymphs -- A glittering procession -- Milksop ladies -- 'Enter a nimpth' -- 'Fair silver-buskined nymphs' -- Chapter 7: Global girlhoods -- A girl in the world -- Spice girl -- A quintessence of cordial -- Conclusion: Girl my greatness -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index.

Acknowledgements -- Website and blog -- Introduction -- PART I: Pioneers -- 1. Gudrun Osvifsdottir: Viking Vixen -- 2. Gudrid Thorbjarnardottir: Fearless Explorer -- 3. Hrotsvit of Gandersheim: First Woman Playwright -- 4. Anglo-Saxon and Norman Women: Political Power, Dynasties and Steadfast Sovereigns -- Emma of Normandy -- St Margaret of Scotland -- Matilda of Scotland -- 5. The Importance of Language -- PART II: Fearless Females -- 6. St Christina of Markyate: Resolute Virgin -- 7. Eleanor of Aquitaine: Queen and Cougar -- 8. Margaret of Beverley: Fighting Crusader -- PART III: Women of Wisdom -- 9. Anna Komnene: Dutiful Daughter -- 10. Understanding the Female Body: Misogyny and Sympathy -- 11. Trota of Salerno: Compassionate Physician -- 12. Hildegard von Bingen: Audacious Innovator -- 13. Heloise d'Argenteuil: Scandalous Nun -- 14. Marie de France: Rhyming Romancer -- PART IV: Non-Conformists -- 15. Women Troubadours/Trobairitz: Clever Composers -- 16. Marguerite Porete: Heroic Heretic -- 17. St Birgitta of Sweden: Righteous Reformer -- 18. Margery Kempe: Peerless Pilgrim -- PART V: "My Most Honored Ladies" -- 19. Christine de Pizan: Vocal Feminist -- 20. Joan of Arc: Savior of France -- 21. Textile Concerns: Holy Transvestites and the Dangers of Cross-Dressing -- PART VI: "Experience is Right Enough for Me" -- 22. Teresa de Cartagena: Foremother of Deaf Culture -- 23. Margaret Paston: Matchless Matriarch -- 24. Looking Forward: Contemporary Feminist Theory and Medieval Women -- Glossary -- Bibliography

Cover -- Halftitle page -- Series page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- CONTENTS -- ILLUSTRATIONS -- GENERAL EDITORS' PREFACE -- Introduction Medieval Emotions Near and Far -- EMOTIONS HISTORY AND THE MIDDLE AGES -- THIS VOLUME AND ITS TIMEFRAME -- LATE ANTIQUITY: CONVERSION AND RENUNCIATION -- THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES -- THE HIGH MIDDLE AGES -- CONCLUSION -- CHAPTER ONE Medical and Scientific Understandings -- EMOTIONS IN THE MEDICAL TEXTS OFLATE ANTIQUITY (350-700) AND THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES (700-1000) -- MEDICAL APPROACHES TO EMOTION IN HIGH ANDLATE MEDIEVAL WESTERN MEDICINE, 1000-130 -- TREATING DISORDERED EMOTIONS IN THE HIGH AND LATE MIDDLE AGES -- CONCLUSION: NONNATURALS IN LATER REGIMENS OF HEALTH -- CHAPTER TWO Religion and Spirituality -- THE ANTIQUE INHERITANCE -- EMOTION AND HUMANITY IN THE DREAM OF THE ROOD -- FEELING FOR GOD: ANCRENE WISSE -- CONCLUSION -- CHAPTER THREE Music and Dance -- THE PATRISTIC LEGACY: AMBROSE AND AUGUSTINE -- BOETHIUS AND HIS LEGACY -- GUIDO OF AREZZO AND THE RENEWAL OF CHANT IN THE ELEVENTH AND TWELFTH CENTURIES -- LITURGY, DANCE, AND ECCLESIASTICAL CAUTION -- THE IMPACT OF ARISTOTLE IN THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY -- CONCLUSION -- CHAPTER FOUR Drama -- DRAMA OF THE LATE EMPIRE: MIME, PANTOMIME, AND CHRISTIAN DENUNCIATION -- THE TRANSITION TO MEDIEVAL DRAMA -- LOCATING EMOTION IN LITURGICAL DRAMA -- EXTREME EMOTION IN LITURGICAL DRAMA: GRIEF AND ANGER -- HROTSVIT OF GANDERSHEIM AND THE ROMAN LEGACY -- PERFORMING EMOTION IN THE ELEVENTH AND TWELFTH CENTURIES -- CONCLUSION -- CHAPTER FIVE The Visual Arts -- GESTURES OF EMOTION: THE MASSACRE OF THE INNOCENTS -- JUDGMENT OF EMOTION: ADAM AND EVE AND THE LAST JUDGMENT -- MIMESIS OF EMOTION: THE VIRGIN MARY -- CONCLUSION -- CHAPTER SIX Literature -- LATE ANTIQUITY -- CAROLINGIAN RENAISSANCE -- ANGLO-SAXON LITERATURE -- HIGH MIDDLE AGES.

Preliminary Materials /S. Wells and K.A. Smith -- Introduction Penelope D. Johnson, The Boswell Thesis, And Negotiating Community And Difference In Medieval Europe /Katherine Allen Smith and Scott Wells -- Chapter One. Living With A Saint: Monastic Identity, Community, And The Ideal Of Asceticism In The Life Of An Irish Saint /Diane Peters Auslander -- Chapter Two. A Tale Of Two Dioceses: Prologues As Letters In The Vitae Authored By Jacques De Vitry And Thomas De Cantimpré /Christina Roukis-Stern -- Chapter Three. "Within The Walls Of Paradise": Space And Community In The Vita Of Umiliana De' Cerchi (1219–1246) /Anne M. Schuchman -- Chapter Four. Architectural Mimesis And Historical Memory At The Abbey Of Mont-Saint-Michel /Katherine Allen Smith -- Chapter Five. Holy Women And The Needle Arts: Piety, Devotion, And Stitching The Sacred, Ca. 500–1150 /Jane Tibbetts Schulenburg -- Chapter Six. The Politics Of Gender And Ethnicity In East Francia: The Case Of Gandersheim , Ca. 850–950 /Scott Wells -- Chapter Seven. Noble Women's Power As Reflected In The Foundations Of Cistercian Houses For Nuns In Thirteenth-Century Northern France: Port-Royal, Les Clairets , Moncey , Lieu, And Eau-Lez-Chartres /Constance HoffmanBerman -- Chapter Eight. "Inseparable Companions": Mary Magdalene, Abelard , And Heloise /Susan Valentine -- Chapter Nine. Book, Body, And The Construction Of The Self In The Taymouth Hours /Kathryn A. Smith -- Chapter Ten. Abbot Erluin's Blindness : The Monastic Implications Of Violent Loss Of Sight /Susan Wade -- Chapter Eleven. Blanche Of Artois And Burgundy, Château-Gaillard, And The Baron De Joursanvault /Elizabeth A.R. Brown -- Chapter Twelve. The Matter Of Others: Menstrual Blood And Uncontrolled Semen In Thirteenth-Century Kabbalists' Polemic Against Christians, "Bad" Jews , And Muslims /Alexandra Cuffel -- General Index /S. Wells and K.A. Smith -- Index Of Manuscripts /S. Wells and K.A. Smith.

Forgetting Hathumoda : the afterlife of the first abbess of Gandersheim / Frederick S. Paxton -- "If one member glories-- " : community between the living and the saintly dead in Bernard of Clairvaux's Sermons for the Feast of All Saints / Anna Harrison -- The pope's shrunken head : the apocalyptic visions of Robert of Uzès / Raymond Clemens -- Thomas of Cantimpré and female sanctity / John Coakley -- The changing fortunes of Angela of Foligno, daughter, mother, and wife / Catherine M. Mooney -- "A particular light of understanding" : Margaret of Cortona, the Franciscans, and a Cortonese cleric / Mary Harvey Doyno -- Fragments of devotion : charters and canons in Aquitaine, 876-1050 / Anna Trumbore Jones -- Naming names : the nomenclature of heresy in the early eleventh century / Thomas Head -- Economic development and demotic religiosity / Richard Landes -- Back-biting and self-promotion : the work of merchants of the Cairo Geniza / Jessica Goldberg -- John of Salisbury and the civic utility of religion / Mark Silk -- Understanding contagion : the contaminating effect of another's sin / Susan R. Kramer -- Calvin's smile / John Jeffries Martin -- Why all the fuss about the mind? : a medievalist's perspective on cognitive theory / Anne L. Clark -- Aspects of blood piety in a late-medieval English manuscript, London, British Library MS Additional 37049 / Marlene Villalobos Hennessy -- Machiavelli, trauma, and the scandal of the prince : an essay in speculative history / Alison K. Frazier -- Low country ascetics and oriental luxury : Jacques de Vitry, Marie of Oignies, and the treasures of Oignies / Sharon Farmer -- Crystalline wombs and pregnant hearts : the exuberant bodies of the Katharinenthal Visitation Group / Jacqueline E. Jung -- Gluttony and the anthropology of pain in Dante's Inferno and Purgatorio / Manuele Gragnolati -- "Human heaven" : John of Rupescissa's Alchemy at the end of the world / Leah DeVun -- Magic, bodies, university masters, and the invention of the late medieval witch / Steven P. Marrone -- Afterword : history in the comic mode / Rachel Fulton and Bruce Holsinger