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Overview of International Human Rights and War -- Concepts of War and International Human Rights -- Human Rights and the Just War Tradition -- Humanitarian Restraints in Early Modern Warfare: Law of Armed Conflict from Antiquity to the Great War -- Contemporary Humanitarian Intervention: Beyond Rules-Based International Order -- International Human Rights Law and States of Emergency.

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- List of Abbreviations -- Introduction -- 1 What is a Human Right? -- Rights: general, positive, moral, human -- Understanding human rights -- 'Three generations' of rights -- Conclusion -- 2 A Brief History of Human Rights -- Introduction -- Natural rights in the eighteenth century -- More on the Enlightenment -- Social and economic rights in the nineteenth century -- The Second World War and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights -- Conclusion -- 3 Philosophical Foundations for Human Rights -- Introduction -- The interest view -- Human dignity -- Personhood -- Sceptics: MacIntyre and Rorty -- Conclusion -- 4 A Political Conception of Human Rights -- Introduction -- Human rights in international legal and political practice -- The political view -- Criticisms of the political view -- Conclusion -- 5 Religion and Human Rights -- Introduction -- A secular or religious source for moral authority? -- Religious freedom and secular liberalism -- Islam and human rights -- Conclusion -- 6 Universalism and Relativism -- Introduction -- Types of relativism and the 'Asian values' debate -- Universalism and the self -- Feminist and flexible universalisms -- Conclusion -- 7 Minority Groups and Minority Rights -- Introduction -- Liberal multiculturalism -- Critics of liberal multiculturalism: egalitarianism, exit and essentialism -- Conclusion -- 8 Global Poverty and Human Rights -- Introduction -- Manifesto rights, subsistence and security -- Pogge, poverty and rights -- Poverty, agency and harm -- Conclusion -- 9 Environmental Human Rights? -- Introduction -- Ways of conceptualizing environmental human rights -- Environmental values and human rights -- Climate change and human rights -- Conclusion -- Conclusion -- Further Reading -- Bibliography -- Index.

Cover Page -- Half Title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Foreword -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: The Global State of Human Rights -- 1: Global Human Rights: An Overview -- 2: The European Union Is Falling Short on Human Rights Commitments -- 3: Bangladesh Is Failing to Address Human Rights Abuses -- 4: Tibetans Are Suffering from Human Rights Abuses by China -- 5: The Arab World Is Experiencing a Deterioration of Human Rights -- 6: Israel Is Violating International Law and the Human Rights of Palestinians -- 7: The United States Must Face Its Own Record of Human Rights Abuses -- Periodical and Internet Sources Bibliography -- Chapter 2: Human Rights and Politics -- 1: Britain's New Government Must Make Human Rights a Top Priority -- 2: Myanmar's Government Must Be Pressured to Hold Fair Elections -- 3: China Must Stop Supporting Authoritarian Regimes -- 4: Israel Violates Human Rights and the European Union Is Complicit -- 5: North Korea Must Shut Down Its Concentration Camps -- 6: The European Union Should Support Democracy and Human Rights in Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan -- 7: The Honduras Truth Commission Faces a Daunting Task -- Periodical and Internet Sources Bibliography -- Chapter 3: Human Rights and Minority Populations -- 1: Global Caste-Based Discrimination Should Be Treated as a Human Rights Violation -- 2: China Continues to Tyrannize the Uyghur Minority -- 3: Estonia Is Discriminating Against Ethnic Russians -- 4: Sudan Violates the Human Rights of Its Citizens -- 5: Iranian Persecution of the Bahá'í Is an Injustice and Rejection of True Iranian Identity -- 6: Israel Must Safeguard the Rights of All People With in Its Borders -- 7: Sri Lanka Tries to Escape Accountability for War Crimes Against the Tamil People -- 8: Developing Countries Have a Poor Record on Gay Rights

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Tables -- Preface -- About the Contributors -- Part I The United Nations System -- 1 United Nations Mechanisms to Promote and Protect Human Rights -- Introduction -- Principles of the Machinery -- Human Rights Machinery -- The Main Structure of the Machinery -- Policy-making Bodies -- United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights -- Treaty Monitoring Bodies 30 -- Non-conventional Procedures: Special Rapporteurs and Working Groups -- Procedures -- Reporting under Human Rights Treaties -- Procedures Related to Human Rights Violations -- Non-governmental Organizations' Contribution to the Work of the United Nations Human Rights Mechanisms -- Notes -- Bibliography -- 2 The International Labour Organization's System of HumanRights Protection -- Introduction -- The ILO's History and Structures -- Tripartism: a Fundamental Concept -- The Concept of Fundamental Human Rights in the ILO -- Definition of Fundamental Human Rights in the ILO -- International Labour Standards: Adoption and Supervision -- The Adoption of Standards -- The ILO's Supervisory System -- The Committee on Freedom of Association -- Follow-up to the Declaration -- The Relationship Between ILO Human Rights Standards and Other United Nations Instruments on Human Rights -- Other Work with International Organizations on Human Rights -- Links Between Technical Cooperation and ILO Standards -- The Impact of the ILO's Work for Human Rights -- Cases of Progress: More than 2000 Noted in 35 Years -- The Effect Given to Recommendations of the Committee on Freedom of Association -- How Non-governmental Organizations Can Best Make Use of the ILO -- The Need to Adapt -- Reporting Obligations -- The Universality of Application of Standards -- Globalization and Workers' Rights

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Introduction -- A Long History -- What Are Human Rights? -- Defining Universal Rights -- Inventing Human Rights -- Changing Rights -- The Power Of The State -- Rights In The Ancient World -- Early Rights In India -- The Classical World -- Rights In The Middle Ages -- The Magna Carta -- Rights For The Citizen -- Thomas Aquinas -- The Rise Of Individual Rights -- Revolution In England -- The Social Contract -- The American Revolution -- Revolution In France -- Fighting For Equality -- Votes For Women -- African American Equality -- The Civil Rights Movement -- LGBTQ Rights -- Human Rights Today -- The Threat of Terrorism -- Guantanamo Bay -- Warfare and Refugees -- The World Today -- Timeline -- Glossary -- Further Resources -- Index -- Back Cover.

Intro -- title page -- copyright page -- 1. What Are Human Rights? -- 2. History of Human Rights -- 3. How Can Human Rights Be Protected? -- 4. Helping People -- 5. Defending Human Rights -- Appendix: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948 -- Appendix: Joint Statement of the Chairpersons of the UN Human Rights Treaty Bodies on the Post-2015 Development Agenda -- International Organizations -- Series Glossary -- Further Reading -- Internet Resources -- Index -- Untitled -- Blank Page.

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- I. Standards -- 1. Human Rights and Forced Displacement: Converging Standards -- 2. Human Rights Standards: A Paradigm for Refugee Protection? -- 3. Forced Displacement: The Relevance of International Humanitarian Law -- 4. Forced Displacement and the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights -- 5. The Development of lnternational Standards to Protect Internally Displaced -- II. Monitoring and Reporting -- 6. Protecting the Rights of Displaced Children: Some Suggestions for Enhanced Monitoring and Reporting -- 7. Monitoring & -- Reporting: A Search for New Advocacy Strategies -- 8. Through Rose-Coloured Glasses: UNHCR's Role in Monitoring the Safety of the Rohingya Refugees Returning to Burma -- 9. Rights and Responsibilities of Refugees and Their Protectors -- III. Solutions -- 10. Land and Resource Access Rights and Forced Displacements of People: Can Democracy in the Countryside Help? -- 11. The Future: Articulating Responsibilities to Identify and Bring to Justice Perpetrators of Serious Human Rights Violations and International Crimes -- 12. Solutions: Human Rights Verification and Accountability -- 13. Human Rights and Forced Displacement: CARE's Perspective on Solutions -- 14. A New Role for Human Rights Organisations in Refugee Protection? -- IV. The Future -- 15. CIS Migration Conference and Program of Action: A Model for Addressing Human Rights and Forced Displacement -- 16. The Future of Refugee Protection -- 17. Further Promotion and Encouragement of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Including the Programme and Methods of Work of the Commission: Human Rights, Mass Exoduses and Displaced Persons -- 18. United Nations Initiatives in Humanitarian Emergencies Causing Forced Displacement.

As a human rights researcher with national affections, the author of Human Rights: China's Road tries to understand the underlying logic of human rights situations in China and the progress happening there.The author believes that the idea of human rights protection is unconditionally agreed upon by everyone, but the choice of specific patterns and routes is neither justified nor possible to remain unchanged through all the different concrete scenarios. For the 1.4 billion Chinese people, only they themselves are entitled to determine how they should protect their own human rights, and how to

Human Rights enables readers to understand international standards for human rights, human rights abuses around the world, and the social, economic, and natural causes and effects of such abuses. The history of human rights concepts and declarations of human rights are examined, including the distinction that many historical theories and movements in human rights have made between social groups, namely free men versus women, children, slaves, and immigrants. This new resource goes on to explore human rights positions in the United States, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, China, Chechnya

This volume is a collective study of the two leading conceptions of human rights: as natural moral rights that we have simply in virtue of being human, or as rights that play a distinctive role in modern politics. Each chapter is accompanied by a probing commentary; the authors are leading figures from philosophy, law, and political science.

Introduction -- The four paradigms or ideal-types in the discipline of international relations -- The different debates in the discipline of international relations -- Realism : theory and (the effectiveness of ) international human rights treaties -- Liberalism : theory and the effectiveness of international human rights treaties -- Institutionalism : theory and the effectiveness of international human rights treaties -- Fairness : theory and the effectiveness of international human rights treaties -- Transnational legal process : theory and the effectiveness of international human rights treaties -- Managerial process : theory and the effectiveness of international human rights treaties -- The autonomous legal discourse and the appellative or the discursive effect of human rights.

Human rights against the maelstroms -- Human rights, capitalism, and the ends of economic life -- Remaking sovereignty in the image of human rights -- Human rights beyond the rule of law -- Decolonizing human rights -- Human rights otherwise -- The subjects of human rights -- Human rights in a G20 world.

Financial resources : present and future / Charles Elliott -- Water supply in developing countries / B.H. Dieterich -- Domestic water supply : right or good? / Gilbert F. White -- Domestic water supplies for rural peoples in the developing countries: the hope of technology / Ian Burton -- Water supplies : the consequences of change / David J. Bradley -- The food potential / N.W. Pirie -- Whither the food and population equation? / W.H. Pawley -- Food supplies for physiologically vulnerable groups / Derrick B. Jelliffe, E.F. Patrice Jelliffe -- Health services and medical education in China : a brief report / O. Mellander -- The control of communicable disease : problems and prospects / Geoffrey Edsall -- Cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit aspects of preventive measures against communicable diseases / B. Cvjetanovic -- The basic human right to the means of controlling fertility / Malcolm Potts -- Personal health care : the quest for a human right / Maurice King -- Bottlenecks in implementation : some aspects of the Scandinavian experience / Wenche B. Eide, Mogens Jul, Olof Mellander

"Violations of the right to the physical integrity of the person, such as torture, cruel and unusual punishment, extra-judicial executions, disappearances, and political imprisonment have long been treated as an anomaly in democratically governed societies. In the current literature on human rights, violations of this right are by-and-large seen as the hallmark of autocratic and repressive regimes.This study takes on this dominant paradigm and shows not only that the common assumption that democratic countries effectively limit human rights abuse is simply wrong, but that its widely accepted theory of what drives human rights violations accounts for only a small part of these abuses at best. Haschke shows that despite the increasing numbers of countries that are democracies, and despite growing numbers of national signatories to international treaties prohibiting human rights abuse, the number of allegations has not declined. This book also demonstrates that the bulk of this abuse, which takes the form of torture and ill-treatment, extra-judicial killings, rape, and the like, is committed against marginal members of society, seeming to reveal environments that enable agents of the state to abuse those with whom they are in contact. This violence is found in democracies and dictatorships alike.This work will be of interest to students and scholars of international relations, human rights and comparative politics."--Provided by publisher.