Suchergebnisse

Investigates the events surrounding the bombing of Florence, Italy, in Sept 1943, & the impact on the city's perceived immunity from attack because of its globally recognized cultural & artistic heritage. In 1941, the Prefect of Florence had commissioned a study aimed at declaring the city of Florence a "no-fly zone." But following the attack in 1943, & concerned with the Nazi occupation of the city, the Florentine cultural community mobilized to get German command to officially guarantee the safety of the city. Citing medieval & Enlightenment-era religious doctrine, the final report of the Florentine Open City Committee was published in 1944. Legitimized by Cardinal Elia Dalla Costa's direct intervention at the German consulate, it defined international legal & humanitarian issues during wartime. J. Sadler

A report summarizing debates on proposals for European integration at the European Council of Laeken, on the eve of the introduction of the euro. Among issues discussed are the following: European defense & security policy; adding more countries to the EU; interventions (humanitarian & military) in Afghanistan; position on the war against terrorism; the general economic outlook; the Lisbon strategy; employment; sustainable development & quality of life; research & development; consolidation of the European social model; a common asylum & immigration policy; more efficient control of foreign borders; international cooperation in legal & law enforcement matters; foreign policy statements on the Middle East, the western Balkan nations, Africa, & Russia; & cooperation on development matters. 2 Appendixes. J. Sadler