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On 25 October 2017, the Saudi Arabian regime granted citizenship to Sophia, a humanoid robot developed in Hong Kong. Sophia became the world's first robot citizen. Some of the globe's wealthiest investors, foreign dignitaries, and foremost economists, journalists, and public relations experts celebrated the conferral firsthand. They were guests of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman in Riyadh, where they attended the inaugural Future Investment Initiative. Sponsored by Saudi Arabia's sovereign wealth fund, the forum heralded the regime's renewed commitment to diversify the country's petro-economy, develop its human capital, and increase its global investment competitiveness. The national reform plan, dubbed Vision 2030, dominated the event's discussions. Vision 2030 was an ambitious blueprint that had as its goal nothing short of overhauling everyday life in Saudi Arabia. It entailed revamping bureaucratic capacity, building global gigacities, and opening the country to visitors and investors alike. Developing the tourism and entertainment sectors were key. Through these lucrative socio-technical experiments, the regime hoped to tackle the dire economic, financial, and social challenges it faced. To appeal to the global investor, it framed the reforms in the language of high-tech modernization, sustainable development, and socioreligious tolerance. Sophia, and all the trappings of modernization that "she" embodied, epitomized the ruling class's entrepreneurial vision for a new Saudi Arabia, and in turn, a new global citizen: the naturalized elite as well as the new Saudi Arabian citizen-subject (Fig. 1).

AbstractTechnological innovations have resulted in the production of new, super‐high‐tech assistive robotic devices that improve the development of children with atypical development. The theoretical basis for this study was the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model, which consists of four main constructs that directly determine user acceptance and user behavior: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions. The purpose of the study was to understand the rationale behind the acceptance of robot‐mediated teaching and therapy for children with atypical development by Polish professionals. Participants included 245 professionals recruited from the staff of special centers and schools for children with disabilities in the south of Poland. They were first presented with a video demonstration of the humanoid Nao robot and then given a 31‐item questionnaire that estimates UTAUT. Participants' attitudes towards using the Nao robot in teaching and therapy for children with atypical development were positive. However, these attitudes were found to be a weak albeit significant predictor of behavioral intention to use the Nao device. They were significantly predicted by social influence, effort expectancy, and performance expectancy. The results are discussed in the context of the general theoretical background and the latest findings related to professionals working with disabled children. Correlation and structural modeling analyses confirmed the applicability of the UTAUT model in education and care for children with disabilities. However, behavioral intention was weakly related to positive attitudes towards Nao robot in this Polish sample. Forthcoming questions follow the conclusions of the current study.

AbstractHealth care technology is all the rage, and artificial intelligence (AI) has long since made its inroads into the previously human-dominated domain of care. AI is used in diagnostics, but also in therapy and assistance, sometimes in the form of social robots with fur, eyes and programmed emotions. Patient welfare, working conditions for the caretakers and cost-efficiency are routinely said to be improved by employing new technologies. The old with dementia might be provided with a robot seal, or a humanoid companion robot, and if these companions increase the happiness of the patients, why should we not venture down this road? Come to think of it, when we have these machines, why not use them as tutors in our schools and caretakers for our children? More happiness reported, as our children are entertained, well-nourished, well-trained and never alone. Lovely and loving robots have also been made, and happiness abounds when these are provided to lonely adults. Happiness all around, and a hedonistic heaven – the utilitarian's dream, as reported, or measured, well-being reaches all-time highs. But there is a reason to be wary of this development. The logic that allows this development ultimately leads to the conclusion that we would all be best off if we could simply be wired to a computer that provided us with whatever we needed to feel perfectly satisfied. The care-giving machines are here.

Innovationsmanagement unter VUKA-Bedingungen: Gesundheit im Fokus von Digitalisierung, Datenanalytik, Diskontinuität und Disruption -- Innovation durch Digitalisierung - Eine Chance für die Restrukturierung von Prozessen im Gesundheitswesen -- Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten eines Erlösmodells für innovative Digital-Health-Start-ups -- Mit Low-end Innovationen die medizinische Versorgung verbessern – Potenziale und Herausforderungen -- Wertschöpfende Innovationen als Ausweg aus der Kostenfalle im Gesundheitswesen -- Digitale Innovation – Trendwende im deutschen Gesundheitssystem -- Spitäler haben blinde Flecken in Bezug auf Innovation -- Innovationen im (öffentlichen) Gesundheitssystem: Eine Analyse aus strategischer Perspektive -- Professionelles Projektmanagement als Grundlage für erfolgreiche Innovationsentwicklung im Gesundheitswesen -- Regulatory Sandboxes - Ein Instrument für digitale Innovationen im Gesundheitssektor -- Prozessinnovation in der Praxis -- Vom Lean Management zur Reorganisation -- TWI im Gesundheitswesen – Das System von innen heraus innovieren -- Das AGAPLESION Konzept -- Digitale Transformation in Krankenhäusern: Potenziale und Innovationen entlang des stationären Leistungsprozesses -- Raum für Innovation – Möglichkeiten und Begrenzungen der Indirekten Steuerung für innovative Organisationsprozesse in der ambulanten Pflege -- Diffusionshindernisse bei der Einführung des Gesamtbudgets in der Psychiatrie als innovativen Ansatz für kommunale psychiatrische Versorgung -- Einordnung und Entwicklung von Produktdienstleistungssystemen im Innovationsmanagement -- Gesundheitszentren als innovative Lösung der absehbaren Versorgungskrise im ländlichen Raum -- Der Innovation Hub Digital Health – Unterstützung von klein- und mittelständischen Unternehmen bei Innovationen im Gesundheitssektor -- Konzepte und Faktoren für Innovation bei Pfizer -- Innovationen an der Schnittstelle von Lebens- und Arzneimitteln: Herausforderungen für Firmen und Verbraucher -- Disruption eHealth: Treiber für die sektorenübergreifend-personalisierte Medizin der Zukunft -- Dynamische Innovationsnetzwerke als Erfolgsfaktor -- Zur Parallelität der Vernetzung und zur Nutzung des Innovationspotentials verknüpften Daten in Entscheidungsprozessen des Gesundheitswesens -- XY Die elektronische Gesundheitskarte und ihr möglicher Beitrag zu einer vernetzten innovativen Behandlung am Beispiel des Diabetes mellitus Typ 1 und 2 -- Vom Produkt zum Kundenerlebnis: Experience-Design als innovative Methode der Dienstleistungsgestaltung -- Ein engagierter Begleiter - Potenziale mobiler Erreichbarkeit am Beispiel eines Reha-Klinikverbundes -- Innovationsmanagement für Medizintechnik-Unternehmen in einem VUCA-Umfeld: Innovationssystem & Fallbeispiel -- Patentbasierte Exploration von Innovationen durch Digitalisierung in der Medizintechnik -- Innovation und Imitation – zur Diskussion einer nachhaltigen Implementierung -- Technologische Innovationen in der Pflege: Von der routinebasierten zur anlassinduzierten Pflege -- Eventisierte Zwischenzeiten -- Einführung humanoider Roboter in eine Demenz-WG – Herangehensweise an eine technische Innovation -- Digitalisierung im Krankenhaus: Nutzerakzeptanz als Voraussetzung für digitale Innovationen -- Klinische Entscheidungsunterstützungssysteme: Von der Datenrepräsentation zur Künstlichen Intelligenz -- Innovativer Einsatz Künstlicher Intelligenz bei bildgebenden Verfahren im klinischen Alltag -- Vermeidung der medizinischen Unterversorgung ländlicher Strukturen durch innovative Ansätze der Telemedizin.

This article analyzes representations of privilege and social inequality in the science fiction TV series Äkta människor (Real Humans) (2012–2013), produced by Sweden's national public TV broadcaster (SVT). Set in the near future or a parallel present, Real Humans explores an alternative version of Sweden in which more and more human workers are replaced by a type of humanoid robot called "Hubots". Reviewers and scholars have interpreted the series in light of various contemporary social and political issues, many of which pertain to not only technology, but also social inequality amongst humans. This article connects Real Humans specifically to the recent increase in paid domestic labor in Scandinavia, and argues that the series deals with moral conflicts associated with being privileged and outsourcing household and care work. This is especially evident in the series' representation of Inger Engman, a Swedish mother, wife, and full-time employee, and her ambivalent relationship to her household and care work Hubot Mimi. Through Inger and Mimi, Real Humans explores moral and affective dimensions of privilege, and brings to mind concerns expressed by parents in Scandinavia who employ domestic workers and au pairs. Inger's conflicted relationship to Mimi also evokes the concept of maternal guilt. As I show, Real Humans is one of several contemporary Scandinavian narratives that use the au pair figure to comment on social and gender inequality in a globalized age, yet stands out in its debt to the science fiction genre. In sum, Real Humans is not only a rare and noteworthy example of a Scandinavian science fiction TV series—it also invites the viewer to reflect on the connections between privilege, social (in)equality, and work in contemporary Scandinavia.

when Villiers de l'Isle-Adam published L'Eve Future in 1886, the novel is strongly criticised for his misogyny. In fact, the engineer Edison makes the Andeide Hadaly there, with the aim of replacing her human model, Alicia, a beautiful young woman but far too sott. While the story was at that time among the founding works of science-fiction, today the reality has outdated this fiction.25 October 2017 will be a landmark in men's history: Sophia became the first female android to obtain Saudi citizenship. The status given to this humanoid robot, equipped with artificial intelligence, allowing him to hold a conversation and demonstrate 62 different facial expressions, permanently blurs the boundary between the creator and his creature. When the virtual replaces the reality to the point of going beyond it, this raises questions, especially in a state where women's rights are regularly violated. While Sophia seems to be promised to serve the community, Chinese and American female sex robots, who are preparing to invest in the market already in 2018 and of which Samantha is the mediatised prototype, are dedicated to meeting other types of individual needs. What is more, artificial uterus and artificial gestation now fall within the scope of the possibilities. In this race, which is constantly substituting for the feminine biological body its serial and modelled replica, it is a real mystification that we are dealing with. It will therefore be necessary to uncover the dichotomy between the speeches conveyed and the future that is emerging. What vision (s) for women are these new technologies emerging? What future do they have for it? We will look at these issues in a socio-ethic-philosophical but also literary prism in order to observe the resonance they find in contemporary literatures. ; International audience ; when Villiers de l'Isle-Adam published L'Eve Future in 1886, the novel is strongly criticised for his misogyny. In fact, the engineer Edison makes the Andeide Hadaly there, with the aim of replacing her human ...

Objective We investigated how participants controlling a humanoid robotic arm's 3D endpoint position by moving their own hand are influenced by the robot's postures. We hypothesized that control would be facilitated (impeded) by biologically plausible (implausible) postures of the robot. Background Kinematic redundancy, whereby different arm postures achieve the same goal, is such that a robotic arm or prosthesis could theoretically be controlled with less signals than constitutive joints. However, congruency between a robot's motion and our own is known to interfere with movement production. Hence, we expect the human-likeness of a robotic arm's postures during endpoint teleoperation to influence controllability. Method Twenty-two able-bodied participants performed a target-reaching task with a robotic arm whose endpoint's 3D position was controlled by moving their own hand. They completed a two-condition experiment corresponding to the robot displaying either biologically plausible or implausible postures. Results Upon initial practice in the experiment's first part, endpoint trajectories were faster and shorter when the robot displayed human-like postures. However, these effects did not persist in the second part, where performance with implausible postures appeared to have benefited from initial practice with plausible ones. Conclusion Humanoid robotic arm endpoint control is impaired by biologically implausible joint coordinations during initial familiarization but not afterwards, suggesting that the human-likeness of a robot's postures is more critical for control in this initial period. Application These findings provide insight for the design of robotic arm teleoperation and prosthesis control schemes, in order to favor better familiarization and control from their users.

The engineering team at MVP Robotics has focused its efforts on developing HEKTR (Humanoid Engagable Kinetic Training Robot), a drivable three dimensional target intended for military tactical training. Currently, HEKTR is only capable of detecting lethal ammunition rounds while non-lethal rounds are also commonly used for tactical training. Expanding HEKTR's detection capabilities could provide MVP greater business opportunities. This project focuses on the development of a non-lethal target prototype that is capable of interfacing with the existing HEKTR technology. This prototype will serve as a proof of concept and a point to continue development from in the future.

The Creative Robotics issue wants to wrestle with the figure of the robot as a historically and culturally constructed sociomaterial assemblage and with how it enacts a number of political, social and aesthetic questions. Aligning itself with the emerging practice of Creative Robotics, the issue deliberately positions itself at the uneasy nexus from which these assemblages emerge, while subscribing to a fundamentally experimental, embodied and performative approach. Creative Robotics is a transdisciplinary practice that builds on the history of robotic and cybernetic art to explore human–robot configurations from a critical, socio-cultural perspective. It brings together concepts and methods from experimental arts and engineering, performance and the social sciences, and it often materially experiments with what Lucy Suchman has succinctly described as 'material-discursive practices through which boundaries and associated entities are made' (2011: 121). Each of the articles in this Fibreculture Creative Robotics issue intervenes into the limited, binary figurations that dominate contemporary social robotics practices, whether manifested in robots masquerading as humanoid companions or in advanced mechanical replications of notions of servitude. They probe into, unhinge and transform the figure of the robot to explore complex human–nonhuman assemblages, to expose hidden sociomaterial practices or propose radical new ones, and to offer glimpses of nonorganic, intelligent "life" as it could be, once it is no longer arrested by our humanist views and assumptions.

This paper discusses as to how the Human civilization has evolved over time, and how we already have become semi-humanoids. Living in the data driven society, we rely hugely on numbers and data, rationality and science (Lohr, 2013). Darwin postulated, and I paraphrase, complex organisms evolve out of the simplest ones, and the new, evolved and complex organisms evolve according to the natural selection and become better versions of yesterday (Ghiselin, 2013). This paper focusses on the development of a Universal system, which would help us solve all of the Global issues. Accordingly, this system proposes a Symbiotic relationship between the three major forces present on Earth- Humans, Nature and Technology. Currently, Humans have a Linear relationship with both of the forces. We are the Predators and Nature is the Prey. Because of this relationship, Human civilization have started to fear its own creations, which is reflected through what Prof. Stephen Hawking shared with BBC, "".The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race. It would take off on its own, and re-design itself at an ever increasing rate. Humans, who are limited by slow biological evolution, couldn't compete, and would be superseded."((Cellan-Jones, 2014)). The system proposed in this paper will be Democratic in nature, where all the three forces have an equal voice to speak. The symbiotic relationship will be based on a concept known as Mutualism," where all species mutually share the limited resource increasing both species ' chances of survival or reproduction" ((Wolfe, 2016)). Till date, the World has not seen the true form of the Democracy. Instead, have witnessed pseudo Democracies, where the power is handed over to the few after the elections and the citizens stay where they were before. Instead, a true Democracy translates into- "By the People, for the People" ((Maskanian, n.d.)). The system is based on the principle, that to maintain a balance between powers, one need not go to war with it. Instead, try and understand one simple concept- "All is one, one is all"((Kotsos, n.d.)). As small as this statement is, it explains the entire functioning of the world. This paper will conclude with answering to the question, "The Distant Utopia or a mere Mirage?" and will also try to lay down the fundamentals of how to make the World Smart and not just few Cities, comparing the World to an Organism and Cities with Organs.