Suchergebnisse

THERE IS A LINK BETWEEN MEASURES OF CORRUPTION, BUREAUCRATIC QUALITY, PROPERTY RIGHTS, AND OTHER INSTITUTIONAL VARIABLES, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH. THIS PAPER PRESENTS EVIDENCE ON THE DIRECTION OF CASUALITY BETWEEN INSTITUTIONAL MEASURES AND GROWTH. THE POORER THE COUNTRY, AND THE LONGER THE WAIT, THE HIGHER THE INFLUENCE OF INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY ON ECONOMIC GROWTH.

Recent cross‐section studies have demonstrated a strong link between measures of corruption, bureaucratic quality, property rights, and other institutional variables, and economic growth. In this paper we build on previous research and present some empirical evidence on the direction of causality between institutional measures and growth. It appears that the poorer the country, and the longer the wait, the higher the influence of institutional quality on economic growth. However, we also show the existence of reverse causality. Indeed, it appears that economic growth also causes institutional quality.

N/A

The impact of property rights on economic growth is examined using indicators provided by country risk evaluators to potential foreign investors. Indicators include evaluations of contract enforceability and risk of expropriation. Using these variables, property rights are found to have a greater impact on investment and growth than has previously been found for proxies such as the Gastil indices of liberties, and frequencies of revolutions, coups and political assassinations. Rates of convergence to U.S.‐level incomes increase notably when these property rights variables are included in growth regressions. These results are robust to the inclusion of measures of factor accumulation and of economic policy.

Abstract
Numerous research and analytical studies envisage a new wave of disruptive innovations that will completely change the economic landscape, organization and business models in the short term, as well as ways of managing companies. This wave of innovation, followed by the use of new digital technologies, such as Big Data, mobile applications, social networking, robotics, 3D printing, nanotechnology, quantum informatics, cloud computing, etc., through various forms and modes of cyber vulnerability, contribute to reducing the ability to achieve effective protection, not only for companies and public services, but also for other services available to citizens. The current research preoccupation is focused on finding adequate solutions, in terms of protecting the digital economy and digital business from all modern threats and risks that the modern disruptive technologies carry along with. The thematic focus is on strengthening the institutional and operational capacities of existing and newly-formed specialized agencies, such as: ENISA, EC3 and EUROPOL, in order to provide an integrated institutional response to a wide range of hybrid and cyber threats. The final section of the paper presents an overview of comprehensive strategic, regulatory and institutional approach of the EU to cyber incidents and crises in the digital space.

In this article, we focus on the role of political and economic institutions inMozambique's development. We produce a set of institutional indicators forMozambique for the period 1900–2005. The first index tracks political freedoms and is unique in its duration and complexity. The second index is a measure of property rights forMozambique, and such a measure has not existed previously and certainly not for this length of time. The construction of these indices is a painstaking process through historical records but it provides us with a richness of institutional data previously not available. The new institutional indices will allow us to explore the role of the institutional environment in determining economic growth and development inMozambique over time.

In this article, we focus on the role of political and economic institutions in Mozambique's development. We produce a set of institutional indicators for Mozambique for the period 1900-2005. The first index tracks political freedoms and is unique in its duration and complexity. The second index is a measure of property rights for Mozambique, and such a measure has not existed previously and certainly not for this length of time. The construction of these indices is a painstaking process through historical records but it provides us with a richness of institutional data previously not available. The new institutional indices will allow us to explore the role of the institutional environment in determining economic growth and development in Mozambique over time. Adapted from the source document.

Doslіdzhuyutsya principle social design and construction in the vastness of global information standards. Obnruntovuyutsya ідея можливості маніпулювання суспільною свідомістю for допомогою методів розподілених паралльних обчислень та алгоритмів К. Петрі. It is installed, but in the way of Grid-systems, the conceptualization of the Internet is broken, the diversified, the unjust, the unobstructed space, the social infrastructure of economical, political, cultural and other kinds of superpersonality. Viznacheni basovi principle of the development of social and informational infrastructure, up to the principles of coherence and recursion of information and measures. ; Исследуются принципы социального программирования и конструирования в пространстве глобальных информационных сетей. Обосновывается идея возможности манипулирования общественным сознанием с помощью методов распределенных параллельных вычислений и алгоритмов К. Петри. Установлено, что внедрение Grid-систем разрушает концептуализацию Интернета как диверсифицированного, равноправного, универсального пространства, лишает социальные институты экономических, политических, культурных и других видов противоречий. Определены базовые принципы развертывания социальной информационной инфраструктуры, к которым отнесены принципы когерентности и рекурсии информационных сетей. ; Досліджуються принципи соціального програмування та конструювання в просторі глобальних інформаційних мереж. Обґрунтовується ідея можливості маніпулювання суспільною свідомістю за допомогою методів розподілених паралельних обчислень та алгоритмів К. Петрі. Встановлено, що впровадження Grid-систем руйнує концептуалізацію Інтернету як диверсифікованого, рівноправного, універсального простору, який позбавляє соціальні інститути економічних, політичних, культурних й інших видів суперечностей. Визначені базові принципи розгортання соціальної інформаційної інфраструктури, до яких віднесені принципи когерентності та рекурсії інформаційних мереж.